US790405A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 700,405. PATENTED MAY 23, 1905. J. STUMPF..

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 24, 1003. RENBWED SEPT. z2. 1004.

v z sums-SHEET 1.

MT1/1% msgs No. 790,405. PATENTED M AY 23, 1905.

k J. STUMPF.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOMION FILED PEB. 24,'1903. xmmwnn SEPT. 2z. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

atentea May 23, 1905.

I -UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JOHANN STUMPF, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GEN- ERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

STEAM-TURBINE. Y

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0, 790,405, dated May 23, 1905.

Application filed February 24, 1903. Renewed September 22,1904. Serial No. 225,458.

ject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor,

vand a resident of 28 Rankestrasse, Charlottenburg, near Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or Gas Turbines, of which the following is an exact speciication.

My invention relates to improvements in steam or gas turbines, and more especially to means for varying the speed of such turbines.

In using steam-turbines for actuating screwpropellers, pumps, and the like apparatus, in which it is sometimes necessary to alter or change thenumber of revolutions for unit of time,great disadvantages always result,owing to the fact that the angle of delivery of the steam-that is, the angle which the inlet-nozzles make with the turbine-wheel-is always adjusted to a certain number of revolutions. If the turbine runs at any other speed, small shocks arise in the turbine in consequence of the angle of inclination of the nozzles not being suitable for this different number of revolutions. In all turbines the streaming velocity of the steam, the velocity at the circumference of the turbine-Wheel, and the angle of inclination of the nozzles, as well as of the buckets or shovels of the turbine-wheel, are dependent upon one another. This dependence may easily be seen from the diagram of velocities.

The losses mentioned above are avoided ac'- cording to the present invention by arranging several rows of nozzles, which nozzles may have the same form, but the angleof inclination thereof is dierent.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a turbine constructed according to my invention. Figs. 2, 3, and L are diagrams.

In the drawings, a is a turbine-wheel .provided with buckets or vanes c. The turbinewheel a is xed upon a shaft g, which can be moved sidewise by means of a lever L, journaled at e', or by means of any other suitable device.

e and e2 are admission-channels situated around the turbine-wheel and provided with nozzles f and f2, through which the steam flows in the well-*known Amanner upon the turbine-wheel. In the drawings the turbinewheel is shown in the position in which the steam flows through the channel e and the nozzles f into the buckets o. If the steam admitted to the channel @'-is shut olf, the turbine-wheel moved to the left-hand side, and steam is admitted to the channel e2, the steam Will'flow through the nozzles f2, having a different angle of inclination from the nozzles f', into the buckets c of the turbine-wheel a.

In Figs. 2 to l of the accompanying drawings turbine-wheel vanes of thewell-known Laval type are shown. The nozzles are inclned at dierent angles. The streaming velocity of the admission-steam is in all three cases shown represented by the letter 'w and equals nine hundred and eighty meters. In Fig. 2 the turbine is supposed to run at three thousand revolutions per minute, in 3 at two thousand two hundred revolutions per minute, and in Fig. 4 at fifteen hundred revolutions. The velocity (represented by o', @2, and o3) at thel circumference of the turbinewheel is consequently three hundred and fifty meters, two hundred and sixty meters, and one hundred and seventy-five meters per second in Figs. 2, 3,'and 4E, respectively. The relative streaming velocities of the admissionsteam of the vanes will consequently be found to be 0'2675 meters, 022740 meters, and 032810 meters. The angle of inclination of the admission-nozzles is in Fig. 2 equal to twenty-four degrees, in Fig. 3 equal to'twentyeight degrees, and in Fig. 4 equal to thirty degrees. In these examples it is assumed that the bucket-wheels are of the same diameter.-

Having thus fully described the nature of this invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. In a turbine, the combination with a turbine-wheel provided with one row of shovels, of several rows of nozzles situated around the turbine-wheel, and means for moving the turbine-wheel in the direction ofthe axis of the same, so as to allow the same to be impinged upon by each roW of nozzles, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a set of Wheel-buckets, sets of nozzles, and means for moving the sets of buckets and nozzles with respect to each other so as to bring the set of buckets in position to receive fluid from the nozzle or nozzles of any set.

3. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of Wheel-buckets, nozzles having different formations, a support therefor, and means for shifting the support and Wheel-buckets relatively to each other to aline the buckets with any given nozzle.

4. In an elastic-Huid turbine, the combination of independent supply-chambers, nozzles arranged in sets which receive motive fluid from the chambers, wheel-buckets, and means for shifting the Wheel-buckets and nozzles relatively to each other to aline one set of nozzles or another with the buckets.

5. In an elastic-Huid turbine, the combination of a bucket-Wheel, a series of independent chambers encircling the Wheel, separate sets of nozzles having different angles of dclivery receiving motive fluid from the chambers, and means .for moving the nozzles and Wheel relative to each other in an axial direction to aline any given set of nozzles with the Wheel. y

6. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a wheel having buckets all of which are active when the turbine is in service, separate sets of nozzles, a support therefor, and a means for shifting the buckets and nozzles relatively to each other to aline the buckets with any given set of nozzles.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication in the presence of two suhscribing witnesses` JOHANN STUMPF. Witnesses:

HENRY HAsPER, VOLDEMAR HAUPT.

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