US730983A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 730,983. A PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903. J. STUMPF.

STEAM TURBINE.

l APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1903.

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No. 730,983. v PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903. J. STUMPP.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED rma. 24. 1903.

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-`NITED STATE-s Patented .T une 16, 1903.

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PATENT STEAM-TURBINE. J

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 730,983, dated June 16, 1903.

' Applicationled February 24,1903. Serial No. l144,683. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHANN STUMPF, a subject ofthe King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of 28 Rankestrasse, Charlottenburg, near Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or Gas Turbines, of which the following is an exact specification. v

My invention relates to improvements in steam or gas turbines, and more especially to means for varying the speed of such turbines.

In usingsteam-turbines foractuatingscrewpropellers, pumps, and the like apparatus, in which it is sometimes necessary to alter or change the number ot' revolutions for units of time, great disadvantages always result, owing to the fact that the angle of delivery of the steam-that is, the angle which the inlet-.nozzles make with the turbine-wheel-is always adjusted to a certain number of revolutions. If the turbine runs at any other speed, small shocks arise in the turbine in consequence of the angle of inclination of the nozzles not being suitable for this diierent number of revolutions. In all turbines the streaming velocity of the steam, the velocity of the circumference of the turbine-wheel, and the angle of inclination of the nozzles, as well as of the buckets or shovels of the turbine-wheel, are dependent upon one another. This dependence may easily be seen from the diagram of velocities.

The losses mentioned above are avoided according to the present invention by arranging several rows of buckets or Vanes in the turbine-wheel, the buckets or vanes of each row being dierent in form or construction.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of a turbine constructed according to myinvention. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are diagrams.

In the drawings, a is a turbine-wheel, the rim b of which is provided with two rows of buckets or vanes c and d, of dierent forms, as will be hereinafter described and shown. In the example shown the buckets are on the circumference of the turbine-wheel; but it will be understood that the invention is apv plicable to any other constructionof turbines. An admission-channel e is situated around this turbine-wheel, in which channel nozzles l f are provided, through which the steam ilows in the well-known manner upon the turbinewheel.

The turbine-wheel ct is fixed upon a shaft g, which can be moved sidewise by means of a lever 7L, journaled at t', or vby means of any other suitable device. The drawings show the turbine-wheel inv the position in which the steam Hows into the buckets d. If the shaft gis shifted to the right-hand side by means of the lever h, the steam will llow into the buckets c.

In Figs. 2 to 4 of the accompanying drawings turbine-wheel vanes of the well-known Laval type are shown, applicable for difterent speeds. The streaming velocity of the admission-steam is in all three cases shown represented bythe letter w. and equals, say, nine hundred and eighty meters. In Fig. 2 the turbine is supposed to run at three thousand revolutions, vin Fig. 3 at two thousand two hundred revolutions, and in Fig. 4 at fifteen` hundred revolutions. The velocity at the circumference of the turbine-wheel is con sequently o equals three hundred and fifty meters, o2 equals two hundred and sixty meters, and o3 equals one hundred and seventy-ive meters in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The relative streaming velocities of the admission-steam for the vanes will consequently be found to be c equals six hundred and seventy-live meters, c2 equals seven hundred and forty meters, and c3 equals eight hundred and ten meters, the angle of inclination of the nozzles being in all three cases twenty-four degrees.

The contact-surface for the steam in each Vane forms a segment of a circle, and the vanes are constructed so that the lines c', c2, and c3 form tangents of these circles. The radii of the circles of the different Vanes are dierent and are in the examples given r equals sixty-three millimeters, fr2 equals sixty millimeters,'and r3 equals fifty-eight millimeters.

The construction shown in the drawings may be modiied in dierent ways-so, for instance, instead of moving the turbine-wheels IOO sidewise the nozzle-rim may be moved, While i zles and rows of buckets, substantially as deto the turbine-wheel remains in its position. scribed and for the purpose set forth.

Having thus'fully described the nature of In testimony whereof I have signed my this invention, what desire to secure by Letname to this specification in the presence of 5 ters Patent ot' the United States is two subscribing witnesses.

In a turbine, the combination of steam-ad- JOHANN STUMPF. mission nozzles, with a turbine-Wheel proitnessesz vided with several rows of buekets,and means HENRY HASPER,

for changing the reiative positions of the noz- WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

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