US1553083A - Elastic-fluid turbine - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 8, 1925. 1,553,083

- o. JUNGGREN ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE Filed May 6 1924 Fig.3.

Inventor Oscar 'Juqggren,

His Attorne g Patented Sept. 8, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,553,083 PATENT orrics.

OSCAR JUNGGREN, 0F SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Application filed May 6, 1924. Serial No. 711,490.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR JUNGGREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, and particularly to turbines of the impulse type whereinthe elastic fluid is directed against the buckets by nozzles in which nozzles pressure of the elastic fluid is converted into velocity. In such turbines the discharge end or opening of each nozzle usually spans several buckets so that each nozzle feeds elastic fluid simultaneously to several buckets.

In connection with such turbines it is important that the elastic fluid issuing from the nozzles be directed in such a manner that it strikes each bucket at a right angle to the bucket in every instance, and the object of my invention is to provide an improved nozzle construction wherein this result is accomplished.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic face view of a nozzle structure embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the nozzle passage; Fig. 3 is a circumferential sectional view through a nozzle and the buckets of an adjacent bucket wheel, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the nozzle taken on line 4.-4, Fig. 3, showing the shape of the throat of the nozzle. 7

Referring to the drawing, the nozzle is defined by a radially outer wall 5 having the four corners 6, 7, 8 and 9, a radially inner wall 10 having the four corners 11, 12, 13 and 14, a forward wall 15 having the four corners 6, 7, 12 and 11, and arear wall 16 having the four corners 9, 8, 13 and 14. The admission opening 17 is defined by the lines joining the four corners 6, 9, 14 and 11 and the discharge opening 18 is defined by the lines joining the four corners 7, 8, 13 and 12. The throat of the nozzle is indicated at 19 and is defined by the lines 20, 21,22 and 23. By the throat of a nozzle I mean the area of smallest cross-section between the nozzle walls in a plane normal to the fluid stream. is best seen in Fig. 3 the discharge openmg 18 spans several buckets 24. Buckets 24 are carried on the periphery of a rotor (not shown) and extend radially therefrom, each bucket standing on a radial line through the center of the rotor as is well understood. This is represented in Fig. 2 by the radially extendlng lines a, b, o, d and e, which represent center lines through several adjacent buckets and show the angles at which such buckets stand.

In connection with the nozzle throat and the nozzle discharge opening, I term the edges defined by the line 21 and by the line 8, 13, the rear edges, and the edges defined by the line 23 and the line 7, 12, the front edges.

Now according to my invention I so shape or form the throat of the nozzle that its front edge 23 is parallel to the front edge 7, 12 of discharge opening 18, and its rear edge 21 is parallel to the rear edge 8, 13 of discharge opening 18, and that every plane through the throat parallel to walls 15 and 16 cuts the discharge opening 18 and the throat 19 on lines parallel to each other. Discharge opening 18 is curved to follow the curvature of the bucket ring to which it feeds elastic fluid so that edges 7, 12 and 8, 13 are radial and focus on a center in line with the center of the rotor to which radii through the buckets center. This is indicated in Fig. 2 wherein it will be seen that the center lines a and e are parallel to edges 7, 12 and 8, 13 respectively. With this throat construction, therefore, the elastic fluid issuing from the nozzle will in every instance strike the buckets at a right angle to the buckets. This is indicated by the dot and dash lines a, b, a, d and e, which indicate the direction of the elastic fluid flow through the nozzle in various planes through the throat, which planes cut the plane of the throat in lines parallel to edges 21 and 23, and as will be seen, these lines a, b, 0', d and e are perpendicular to the radial center lines a, b, a, d and e of the buckets. The planes of the respective lines a, b, 0, d and e are indicated by the lines a, b 0 d and e in Fig. 4.

The invention while it is applicable to bucket rings of any diameter, is especially useful in cases where the bucket ring is of comparatively small diameter for in such cases each nozzle spans a greater are of thebucket ring, which means a greater angular difference between the buckets spanned.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by'Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In an elastic fluid turbine, a nozzle having its throat shaped so that its forward edge is parallel to the forward ed e of. the discharge opening of the nozzle an vits rear edge is parallel to the rear edge of such discharge opening whereby elastic fluid issuing from the nozzle will strike all the buckets spanned by the nozzle at a right angle to the buckets. 1

2. A nozzle for an elastic fluid turbine, said nozzle having a throatshaped so that every plane passed through the nozzle throat parallel to the forward and rear walls of the throat cuts the plane of the discharge opening of the nozzle in a radial line which focuses on a point which lies in the axial center line of the rotor.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto'set my hand this 5th day of May, 1924.

OSCAR JUNGGREN.

Images