US7843534B2 - Image display system - Google Patents

Image display system Download PDF

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Publication number
US7843534B2
US7843534B2 US12/015,346 US1534608A US7843534B2 US 7843534 B2 US7843534 B2 US 7843534B2 US 1534608 A US1534608 A US 1534608A US 7843534 B2 US7843534 B2 US 7843534B2
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substrate
disposed
image display
display system
pixel
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US20080180606A1 (en
Inventor
Wei-Chih Chang
Su-Jung Hsu
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Innolux Corp
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TPO Displays Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
    • G02F1/133555—Transflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/64—Normally black display, i.e. the off state being black
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/66—Normally white display, i.e. the off state being white

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an image display system and, in particular, to an image display system with transversely aligned liquid crystals.
  • the liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus is a flat display system.
  • the LCD apparatuses may be classified into a twisted nematic (TN) type, a multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA) type, an in-plane switching (IPS) type and a fringe-field switching (FFS) type according to the arrangements of the liquid crystals.
  • TN twisted nematic
  • MVA multi-domain vertical alignment
  • IPS in-plane switching
  • FFS fringe-field switching
  • the typical IPS or FFS type LCD apparatus includes top and bottom substrates disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal (LC) layer interposed between the two substrates. Pixel electrodes and common electrodes are simultaneously disposed on the bottom substrate so that a transversal electric field is generated in the LC layer to control the liquid crystals to rotate.
  • LC liquid crystal
  • the LCD apparatuses may also be classified into a transmissive type, a transflective type and a reflective type according to the form of the light source.
  • the transflective LCD apparatus has a backlight module and an external light reflecting structure, so it can be watched by a user in the environment without external light as well as the environment with the sunlight.
  • the viewing angle of the transflective LCD apparatus may be increased with the combination of the alignment method of the liquid crystals in the IPS type or the FFS type LCD apparatus. More specifically, the alignment method of the liquid crystals in the FFS type LCD apparatus can achieve the advantages of the high transmission rate and the low color shift.
  • the alignment method of the liquid crystals in the FFS type LCD apparatus can achieve the advantages of the high transmission rate and the low color shift.
  • such a small-sized LCD apparatus is more sensitive to the cell gap between the substrates and the temperature variation in the transmissive mode, and also has the problem of the deteriorated viewing angle. Especially, the image contrast is seriously lowered when the slight alternate variation of the substrate occurs.
  • the invention is to provide an image display system for reducing an alternate variation of a substrate to keep the image quality.
  • the invention discloses an image display system including a first polarized, a first substrate, a liquid crystal (LC) layer and a second substrate.
  • the first polarizer is disposed on the first substrate.
  • the LC layer has a plurality of LC cells, each of which has an optical axis parallel to an absorbing axis of the first polarizer.
  • the second substrate has a plurality of light transmitting zones and a plurality of light reflecting zones, and a plurality of reflectors is disposed in the light reflecting zones.
  • the LC cells are horizontally disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the LC cells corresponding to the light reflecting zones are driven in a normally white mode
  • the LC cells corresponding to the light reflecting zones are driven in a normally black mode.
  • the image display system of this invention displays the image in a transflective manner, the optical axes of the LC cells are arranged to be parallel to the absorbing axis of the first polarizer when it is aligned, and the LC cells in the light reflecting zones and the light transmitting zones are respectively driven in the normally white mode and the normally black mode.
  • the influence of the variation of the cell gap between the substrates on the optical system is smaller under this aligned architecture of the liquid crystals so that the image quality can be kept.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration showing an image display system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic illustrations showing LC cells driven in a normally black mode according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic illustrations showing LC cells driven in a normally white mode according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration showing relationship curves between a voltage and a transmission rate in the light transmitting zone and the light reflecting zone according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic illustration showing an image display system according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic illustrations showing various architectures of pixels in the image display system according to the preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration showing an electronic device according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration showing an image display system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the image display system 1 includes a first polarizer 11 , a first retardation plate 12 , a first substrate 13 , a LC layer 14 , a second substrate 15 , a second retardation plate 16 , a second polarizer 17 and a backlight module 18 .
  • the first polarizer 11 to the second polarizer 17 are assembled together to form a LCD panel
  • the backlight module 18 may be assembled with the LCD panel to form a LCD apparatus.
  • the first polarizer 11 and the first retardation plate 12 are disposed at the same side of the first substrate 13 and in correspondence with the LC layer 14 .
  • the first retardation plate 12 is disposed between the first polarizer 11 and the first substrate 13 .
  • the LC layer 14 is disposed at the other side of the first substrate 13 .
  • the second polarizer 17 and the second retardation plate 16 are disposed at the same side of the second substrate 15 and in correspondence with the LC layer 14 .
  • the second retardation plate 16 is disposed between the second polarizer 17 and the second substrate 15
  • the LC layer 14 is disposed at the other side of the second substrate 15 .
  • the LC layer 14 is disposed between the first substrate 13 and the second substrate 15 and has a plurality of LC cells 141 .
  • the LC cell 141 has an optical axis parallel to an absorbing axis of the first polarizer 11 .
  • the LC cell 141 is horizontally disposed between the first substrate 13 and the second substrate 15 .
  • alignment films (not shown) are disposed on the sides of the first substrate 13 and the second substrate 15 facing each other. A trench mark structure of the alignment film can make all the LC cells 141 face a predetermined direction.
  • the optical axes of all the LC cells 141 may be parallel to the absorbing axis of the first polarizer 11 .
  • the influence of the variation of the cell gap between the substrates on the optical system is smaller so that the image quality can be kept.
  • the image display system 1 has the transflective architecture.
  • the second substrate 15 has a plurality of light transmitting zones 151 and a plurality of light reflecting zones 152 .
  • a plurality of reflectors 153 for reflecting the external light to represent the image is disposed in the light reflecting zone 152 .
  • the light transmitting zone 151 represents the image by the backlight module 18 which provides the light.
  • the absorbing axis of the first polarizer 11 is arranged at 75 degrees
  • the retardation axis of the first retardation plate 12 is arranged at 60 degrees
  • the LC cell 141 is aligned horizontally and has the optical axis arranged at 75 degrees
  • the retardation axis of the second retardation plate 16 is arranged at 120 degrees
  • the absorbing axis of the second polarizer 17 is arranged at 15 degrees.
  • the LC cell 141 when the LC cell 141 is driven by the electric field, it can be rotated by 45 degrees around the vertical direction.
  • the first retardation plate 12 and the second retardation plate 16 convert the light from the linearly polarized light into the circularly polarized light, or from the circularly polarized light into the linearly polarized light so as to reduce the color difference.
  • the LC cells 141 corresponding to the light transmitting zone 151 are driven in a normally black mode, and the schematic illustrations of the LC cell 141 that is driven and the LC cell 141 that is not driven are shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B .
  • the LC cell 141 when the LC cell 141 is not driven by the electric field, the LC cell 141 still keeps the originally horizontally arranged direction, and the light emitted from the backlight module 18 sequentially penetrates through the second polarizer 17 , the second retardation plate 16 , the light transmitting zone 151 of the second substrate 15 , the LC cell 141 that is not rotated, the first substrate 13 and the first retardation plate 12 , but the light cannot penetrate through the first polarizer 11 so that the black frame can be displayed.
  • the LC cell 141 when the LC cell 141 is driven by the electric field, the light emitted from the backlight module 18 penetrates through the LC cell 141 and the polarization direction thereof is changed. Thus, the light can penetrate through the first polarizer 11 so that the gray or white frame can be displayed.
  • the LC cell 141 is driven and rotated by 45 degrees around the vertical direction, and the optical property of the LC cell may be analogical to a ⁇ /2 retardation plate.
  • the LC cells 141 corresponding to the light reflecting zone 152 are driven in a normally white mode, and the schematic illustrations of the LC cell that is driven and the LC cell that is not driven are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B . As shown in FIG.
  • the LC cell 141 when the LC cell is not driven by the electric field, the LC cell 141 still keeps the originally horizontally arranged direction, and the external light sequentially penetrates through the first polarizer 11 , the first retardation plate 12 , the first substrate 13 and the LC cell 141 that is not rotated, and is reflected by the reflector 153 of the second substrate 15 to sequentially penetrate through the LC cell 141 that is not rotated, the first substrate 13 , the first retardation plate 12 and the first polarizer 11 to represent the image so that the white frame can be displayed.
  • the LC cell 141 when the LC cell 141 is driven by the electric field, the external light penetrates through the LC cell 141 and the polarization direction thereof is changed.
  • the reflected light having the polarization direction the same as the absorbing axis of the first polarizer 11 cannot penetrate through the first polarizer 11 so that the gray or black frame may be displayed.
  • the black frame the LC cell is driven and thus rotated by 45 degrees, and the optical property of the LC cell may be analogical to a ⁇ /4 retardation plate.
  • the first substrate 13 is a color filter substrate and includes a first transparent substrate 131 and a plurality of color filters 132 .
  • the first transparent substrate 131 may be a glass substrate, and the color filter 132 is disposed at one side of the first transparent substrate 131 adjacent to the LC layer 14 .
  • the color image may be represented after either the externally inputted input light or the light provided by the backlight module 18 penetrates through the color filter 132 .
  • the second substrate 15 includes a second transparent substrate 154 , a plurality of pixel electrodes 155 and a plurality of common electrodes 156 .
  • the second transparent substrate 154 may be a glass substrate, and the pixel electrode 155 and the common electrode 156 are disposed on one side of the second transparent substrate 154 adjacent to the LC layer 14 .
  • the common electrode 156 and the corresponding pixel electrode 155 form a liquid crystal capacitor so that a transversal electric field is generated in the LC layer 14 to drive the LC cell 141 to rotate.
  • thin film transistors, column wires and row wires are formed on the second transparent substrate 154 .
  • the thin film transistor serves as a writing switch for the liquid crystal capacitor.
  • a row driving circuit turns on the thin film transistor, a column driving circuit can write data into the pixel electrode 155 to update pixel data stored in the liquid crystal capacitor so that the frame content can be updated.
  • a row driving circuit turns on the thin film transistor, a column driving circuit can write data into the pixel electrode 155 to update pixel data stored in the liquid crystal capacitor so that the frame content can be updated.
  • different voltages with two levels corresponding to the same data are respectively provided to the pixel electrode 155 of the light reflecting zone 152 and the pixel electrode 155 of the light transmitting zone 151 . The relationship curves between these voltages are shown in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration showing relationship curves between a voltage and a transmission rate in the light transmitting zone 151 and the light reflecting zone 152 according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • the light transmitting zone 151 has the lower transmission rate when its pixel electrode 155 has a low level, and has the higher transmission rate when its pixel electrode 155 has a high level, wherein such a display method is the so-called normally black mode.
  • the light reflecting zone 152 has the higher transmission rate when its pixel electrode 155 has the low level, and has the lower transmission rate when its pixel electrode 155 has the high level, wherein such a display method is the so-called normally white mode.
  • the pixel electrode 155 of the light transmitting zone 151 has to be set to the low level when the pixel electrode 155 of the light reflecting zone 152 has the high level.
  • the pixel electrode 155 of the light reflecting zone 152 has the low level
  • the pixel electrode 155 of the light transmitting zone 151 has to be set to the high level.
  • the level variations of the supplied voltages under the two different display modes are inversely proportional to each other. Because one of ordinary skill in the art may easily understand how these elements can be formed and how the elements can be formed on the second transparent substrate 154 , these elements are not shown in the drawings.
  • the reflector 153 is disposed on the second transparent substrate 154 in the light reflecting zone 152 , an insulating layer 157 is firstly formed on the reflector 153 and then the pixel electrodes 155 and the common electrodes 156 are disposed alternately on the insulating layer 157 so that the IPS type is obtained.
  • the common electrode 156 is disposed on the second transparent substrate 154 , the insulating layer 157 is formed on the common electrode 156 and then the pixel electrodes 155 are disposed on the insulating layer 157 alternately so that the FFS type is obtained.
  • the arrangements of the pixel electrodes 155 and the common electrodes 156 are not limited thereto.
  • the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes in the light reflecting zone and the light transmitting zone may also be disposed in an IPS manner, a FFS manner; or a transversal electric field manner.
  • the color filter may also be integrated in the second substrate 15 and is not formed in the first substrate 13 . That is, the second substrate 15 is a color-filter-on-array (COA) substrate.
  • COA color-filter-on-array
  • the light penetrating through the LC layer 14 is the linearly polarized light but not the circularly polarized light or the elliptically polarized light.
  • the optical axis of the LC cell 141 is parallel to the absorbing axis of the first polarizer 11 , so the influence of the variation of the cell gap between the substrates on the optical system is smaller so that the image quality can be kept.
  • each pixel P of the image display system 1 in the embodiment may include four sub-pixels R, G, B and W, which are set to be red, green, blue and white sub-pixels.
  • Red, green and blue filters are disposed on the first substrate 13 or the second substrate 15 corresponding to the sub-pixels R, G and B, a white filter or no filter is disposed on the first substrate 13 or the second substrate 15 corresponding to the sub-pixel W so that the white light may be displayed after the light penetrates therethrough.
  • the sub-pixels R, G and B are set to be transmissive sub-pixels.
  • the arrangements of the elements in the sub-pixels R, G and B are similar to those in the light transmitting zone 151 of the second substrate 15 of the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the sub-pixel W is set to be a reflective sub-pixel, and the arrangements of the elements in the sub-pixel W are similar to those in the light reflecting zone 152 of the second substrate 15 of the above-mentioned embodiment. Consequently, if the external light is brighter, the sub-pixel W can properly respond with the light intensity to enhance the brightness of the image so that the image display system has the better display effect. Because the sub-pixels R, G and B still display the image in a transmissive manner, the image display system still can keep the image display quality.
  • sub-pixels R and C are disposed on the same row and connected to the same row wire n
  • sub-pixel B and the reflective sub-pixel W are disposed in the same row and connected to another row wire n+1, wherein the row wires are adjacent to each other and are disposed at front and back sides.
  • the arrangement relationships between the color sub-pixels and the reflective sub-pixel are not limited thereto.
  • the sub-pixels R and B may also be disposed in the same row and connected to the same row wire n, and the sub-pixel G and the reflective sub-pixel W may be disposed in the same row and connected to another row wire n+1.
  • other combinations of arrangements are also practicable.
  • the color sub-pixels R, G and B and the reflective sub-pixel W are disposed in the same row, and the sub-pixels R, G, B and W are sequentially connected to the same row wire n.
  • the arranged order of the sub-pixels is not limited thereto. The order of the sub-pixels R, B, G to W, and other orders are also practicable.
  • an image display system 2 further includes an electronic device 20 , which has a LCD panel 21 and an input unit 22 .
  • the LCD panel 21 includes the elements, such as the first polarizer 11 to the second polarizer 17 of the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the input unit 22 is coupled to the LCD panel 21 , and provides an input to the LCD panel 21 to make the LCD panel 21 display the image.
  • the electronic device 20 of this embodiment may be, for example, a mobile phone, a digital camera, a personal digital assistant, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a television, a vehicle display or a portable DVD player.
  • the image display system of this invention displays the image in a transflective manner, the optical axes of the LC cells are arranged to be parallel to the absorbing axis of the first polarizer when it is aligned, and the LC cells in the light reflecting zones and the light transmitting zones are respectively driven in the normally white mode and the normally black mode.
  • the influence of the variation of the cell gap between the substrates on the optical system is smaller under this aligned architecture of the liquid crystals so that the image quality can be kept.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
US12/015,346 2007-01-18 2008-01-16 Image display system Active 2028-07-25 US7843534B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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US8723192B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2014-05-13 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Method for producing an optoelectronic semiconductor component and optoelectronic semiconductor component

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US9520091B2 (en) * 2013-06-17 2016-12-13 Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd Liquid crystal cell and the liquid crystal display with the same
CN103293792B (zh) * 2013-06-17 2015-10-07 河北工业大学 透反模式蓝相液晶显示器
TWI521264B (zh) 2014-06-05 2016-02-11 友達光電股份有限公司 畫素陣列以及應用其的顯示器
US10234721B2 (en) * 2015-03-05 2019-03-19 Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd Transflective liquid crystal display device and method of forming the same

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US20050140905A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-06-30 Innolux Display Corp. In-plane field type transflective liquid crystal display
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US20060139527A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-06-29 Wei-Chih Chang Liquid crystal display device with transmission and reflective display modes and method of displaying balanced chromaticity image for the same
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US20050140905A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-06-30 Innolux Display Corp. In-plane field type transflective liquid crystal display
US20060192912A1 (en) * 2004-05-25 2006-08-31 Hitachi Displays, Ltd. Liquid crystal display apparatus
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US20060139527A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-06-29 Wei-Chih Chang Liquid crystal display device with transmission and reflective display modes and method of displaying balanced chromaticity image for the same

Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8723192B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2014-05-13 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Method for producing an optoelectronic semiconductor component and optoelectronic semiconductor component
US9209328B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2015-12-08 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US9490396B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2016-11-08 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US9728683B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2017-08-08 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US9985171B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2018-05-29 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US10665747B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2020-05-26 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US11239386B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2022-02-01 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US11749776B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2023-09-05 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component
US12002901B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2024-06-04 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic semiconductor component

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US20080180606A1 (en) 2008-07-31
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