US782222A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 782,222. l PATENTED PEB. 14, 1905. G. GUTHBERT & R. M. SNYDER.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 26.1904.

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llNiTnD STATES Patented February 14, 1905.

ATENT OFFICE,

TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,222, dated February 14, 1905.

Application tiled August 26, 1904. Serial No. 222,214,

To 11H Vlf/mnt it Nba/y concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE OUTIIBERT and Romeral M. SNYDnn, both citizens of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention consists of a turbine adapted to be operated by steam or other tluid, embodying' a bucketed wheel of novel construction, means for reversing the same, means for utilizing the exhaust fluid when in hot condition to heat feed-water, and other details, as will be hereinafter set forth, the novel features being' pointed out in the claims.

Figure l represents a vertical section on line .1^ m, Fig. 2, of a turbine embodying our invention. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section thereof on the line y Eig. l. Fig. 3 represents a perspective view 0f a detached portion thereof. Fig. et represents a vertical section of a portion thereof` showing the buckets of the wheel in reversed position to that shown in Fig. 1. Eig. represents a perspective view of a portion, showing different sets of buckets, respectively, in reversed positions. Fig. 6 represents a section of a portion of a modification.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the easing of the turbine, and B designates a wheel within tlie same whose shaft (l is properly mounted on the sidewalls (1' ofsaid casing.

l) designates buckets which are secured to the peripheral rim of the wheel l, and E designates a pluralityY of distributing-chambers on the interior of the casing A within the buckets D, the walls F of said chambers being somewhat angular or tangential, forming the shoulders G, in which are openings or ports occupied by the ends of the jets or jettubes H, which are thus in communication with the chambers E and lead to the inner sides of the buckets VD, with which they are in communication, it being noted that said chambers E occupy opposite sides ofthe casing A, and they are separated by the diaphragms or divisions J, which constitute the inner walls of said chambers, the web or body of the wheel B occupying' the space between said diaphragms and being' rotatable therein, the chambers E thus being entirely separate from each other and the angular' walls F extending laterally from the peripheral portions of the diaphragms J and extending concentrically, respectively.around the inner circumferenees of the buckets and close to the same.

li designates fluid supply pipes for the chambers E, the same being connected with the side walls U of the casing A and being each provided with a suitable valve L, whereby fluid may be admitted into both chambers E or either of said chambers, as desired.

)l designates the rim of the casing (y, the same being closed, forming a chamber M, which encircles the buckets l) and being adapted to receive the exhaust steam or other fluid which leaves said buckets, a portion of said rim being cut away or open, forming the exhaust passage or port N. lVithin said chamber M' is the pipe l), which in the present case is of the form of a coil, the same having connected therewith, respectively, the inlet-pipe Q and the outlet-pipe R,said pipe being adapted to receive feed-water admitted through the pipe Q and discharged through the pipe R.

The operation is as follows: Steam, compressed air, gas, water, or other fluid is admitted to the chamber or chambers E, and the same is distributed forcibly by the angular or tangential walls ll toward the shoulders (l and into the jet-tubes ll, and consequently to the buckets l), against which it is powerfully impacted, thus correspondingly rotating the wheel B, the power being' transmitted to the shaft O and the pulley Cl for evident purposes. 'lhe fluid after leavingthe buckets as exhaust enters the chamber M and is carried around bythe rotationof thc rim ofI the wheel to the port N, where it escapes. lVhere the fluid employed is hot, such as steam, the exhaust thereof acts upon the pipe l?, whereby feed-water supplied to said pipe will be cf'- fectively heated, in which condition it is directed by the pipe R to a place of use. ln order to reverse the direction of rotation of the wheel, the surface of the buckets which receive the impact of the fluid are placed in opposite directions, as in Fig. 5, whereby when fluidis admitted to either chamber E by properly closing one of the valves L and opening the other valve L it may cause the wheel to run to the right or left, as the case may be, the effect of which is evident. As the exhaust fluid is carried around by the wheel in the exhaust-chamber M it is prevented from rentering the inoperative buckets on the other side. Owing to the walls E, the fluid uniformlyV seeks the openings or ports in the shoulders G, and so is directed by jets or tubes H to the buckets, said tubes flaring toward their discharge ends, whereby afull volume of the fluid may be impacted against the buckets.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction shown without departing from the general spirit of our invention, and we do not, therefore, desire to be limited in each case to the same. For instance, the rim M may be surrounded by another rim, M2, as in Fig. 6, the latter rim forming a chamber or pipe M3, which is not in communication with the chamber N it being, however. adapted to receive feed-water, which will be heated by the exhaust or condensedfluid,whichleaves the buckets and enters said chamber M3. Again, by introducing cold water into the pipe P or chamber N 3 the iiuid leaving the buckets and entering said pipe or chamber will be condensed, thus effectively producing a vacuum which will cause the jets or jet-pipes to more powerfully eject the fluid against the buckets, whereby the turbine is more powerful in action and the wheel will run with greater ease.

Attention is directed to the fact that the steam is not admitted to the buckets of the wheel from the center of the latter, thus dispensing with a hollow shaft and avoiding a long passage or traverse of the steam, but, on the contrary, from the side chambers E close to said buckets, so as to be quick and effective in its action on the latter.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A turbine consisting of a casing, a wheel having a web and a plurality of sets of buckets on the periphery thereof extending laterally outward therefrom in opposite directions, independent fluid-distributing chambers in in opposite directions for reversibility and the shoulders of said walls having each therein ports leading respectively from the different chambers to the different sets of buckets.

2. A turbine consisting of a casing, a plurality of fluid-receiving chambers therein in opposite sides of said casing independent of each other, a wheel in said casing composed of a web and a plurality of sets of peripheral buckets facing in reverse directions for reversibility and extending laterally outward from said web, said web being rotatable between the side walls of said chambers and a plurality of outwardly-extending walls concentric with the inner circumferences of said buckets, shoulders on the ends of said walls and ports in said shoulders.

3. A turbine having a casing, a plurality of independent fluid-receiving chambers in opposite sides thereof, a series of angular walls on the peripherics of said chambers, shoulders on the ends of said walls, ports in said shoulders, a wheel havinga web which is rotatable between the side diaphragms of said chambers and a plurality of sets of buckets on the periphery of said web faced in opposite directions for reversibility and laterally-extending shoulders onthe peripheral portions of the side diaphragm of said chambers concentric with the inner circumferences of said sets of buckets.

4. A turbine having a casing, a bucketed wheel therein, an exhaust or condensing chamber around the buckets of said wheel and a feed-water receiver adapted to be heated by the exhaust or condensed fluid from said buckets admitted into the chamber and exteriorly surrounding said condensing-chamber.

A turbine having a casing, a bucketed wheel, an exhaust-chamber and an auxiliary chamber for heating and condensing, connected with said exhaust-'chamber and exteriorly surrounding the latter.

GEORGE CUTHBERT. ROBERT M. SNYDER. Titnessesz JOHN A. W IEDERSHEIM, E. HAYWARD FAIRBANKs.

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