US739737A - Building construction. - Google Patents

Description

- PATENTED SEPT. 22, 1903.

F. W. SPENCER. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. nrmoyrxox mum an. 15, 1903.

10 MODEL.

' Fraud; wjaelza'er Q #5 m w M g K Du Nu M W m 0 2% m m N v No. 739,737.

UNITED STATES Zlatented September 22, 1905 PATENT OFFICE.

UILDING CONSTRUCTION.

srnoIrIoArzoN formingpart of Letters Patent No. 739,737, dated September 22, 1903.

Application filed hpril 15, 1903 gerial No. 152,747. No model.) 7

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS W. SPENCER, a citizen of the United States,'a nd a resident of Albuquerque, in the county of Bernalillo and Territory'of-New Mexico, have invented new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. My invention relates to certain. improvements in the construction of building walls or the like, and has particular application to tion in such manner that the wall'will be' thoroughly bonded and stiffened against transverse strains, the arrangement of the ribs and grooves hereinbefore referred to being such that a thicker wall may he made 7 from the same blocks as are primarily in block.

tended for constructing a thinner wall-that is to say, that walls of varying thickness may be formed without increasing 'the size of the A further object of my invention is to provide a building-block which shall be exceedingly simple in its construction, enabling it to be laid with ease and facility, and one which will have adaptability to special cases, as hereinafter described.

With the above-recited objects and others of a similar nature in view the invention consists in the construction,combination,and arrangement of parts, as is described in this specification, delineated in the accompanying drawings, and set forth'in the appended claims.

Referenceis to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of my improved building-blocks. Fig. 2 is acrosssectional view showing the blocks separated to a certain extent and forming a wider wall with the same size block as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view showing two of the blocks placed in position of contact and forming a minimum thickness of the wall possible with a given size block. Fig. 4. is a perspective view of awall formed of my improved blocks. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of a wall having a windew-opening formed therein and showing the arrangement of the blocks to allow for the bevel of the sill. Fig. 6 isa perspective view of a portion of a wall of a building, showing the blocks arrangedto form a vertical fine or passage-way for pipes, electric wires, or the like; and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a slightly-modified form of block.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 5 designates the horizontal or base portion of'one'of my improved building-blocks, such building block being in crosssection approximately the shape of the letter L, the vertical portion 6 of said block being relatively thicker than the horizontal portion 5 and is adapted to bear the major portion of the load to be supported. At one endof the block is arranged the transverse member or lug 7 one-half the thicknessof which projects in such manner as to receive the open end of the next block in the same course when a series of blocks are used to form a wall. The horizontal portion 5;of the block is formed with a rib or bead 8, which extends the entire length thereof and is adapted to engage with and lie in one of the grooves or notches 9, formed at the top portion of the end member 7 of a subjacent or coinciding block. These two blocks are placed in positions substantially as shown in Figs. 2 and 3that is,

one of the blocks is inverted and superposed the placing of partitions, joists, and the like.

In Fig. 3 the blocks are shown placed coincident in a position of contact and forming the minimum thickness of awall possible with a given size of block, while in Fig. 2 the blocks are of similar size, shown separated, to form a wider wall.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a wall formed of blocks laid in the manner above described, with corner-blocks formed with returned faces one-half the length of the block 'and made right hand and left for their respective places.

It will be seen by reference to Fig. at that certain of the blocks are recessed to form skeleton flanges 11, said blocks being laid in the course supporting the joists 12, the hollow space formed by the recessed blocks so laid being filled with concrete or similar material 13, which effectively distributes the load over the'wall and adds to the rigidity and strain-resisting power of the structure.-

Awindow-openingin the structure is shown at A in Fig. 5, the sill of the window being formed in sections made up of my improved blocks, each block having the grooved end memberand longitudinal bead or rib, as hereinbeforedescribed, a portion of the end lug or member being slightly beveled .to allow for the inclination of the sill. The window-cap 14 is formed of blocks substantially like those described, the members forming the cap, however, being longer and in some instances higher than the ordinary block, according to the load to be supported, the lugs 15 at the end of the cap having grooves 16 to coincide and having interlocking engagement with the lugs of the adjoining blocks of the course. If desired, the top flange of the cap 14 may be recessed, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5, to permit the hollow space to be filled with concrete or similar material, as shown at 17, thereby further strengthening the lintel. It is to be understood that the supporting-lug,

such as shown at 7, may be applied to the voussoirs of arches of any type or style.

In constructing walls or buildings it is often desirable to provide a space for the passage of wires, pipes, or the like, and in the present instance I have shown-in Fig. 6 this recess or space 18 formed bycutting away a portion of the base or horizontal member of each block, said blocks being so laid that the openings are arranged in a vertical line, the blocks of the inner faces being cut in one-half lengths in alternate courses, those on the left-hand side of the recess having side members 19 (see Fig. 6) similar to the side members 7. When the pipes or wiresfas shown at B, have been placed in position, the wall.

may be finished by the facing blocks or bricks 20 being laid in place.

At points where heavy concentrated loads occur the walls may be strengthened by using the skeleton-flanged blocks shown in Fig. 6,

said blocks being laid to bring the recesses in a vertical line, the hollow spaces being filled with cement as each course is laid. If a further strengthening or stiffening is necessary, blocks such as are shown at 18 in Fig.

7 and in position as part of the wall in Fig. 6, may be used, the longitudinal rib 21 engaging with the notches in the ends of the side members of the regular blocks. Each course of the pier. thus formed is reinforced with concrete or similar binding material.

From the above description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the numerous advantages incident to the improved building construction will be readily appreciated. It is to be noted that the blocks will form a very strong and stiff wall, the arrangement of the lug and groove binding the block with great security, and by means of the skeleton flanges hereinbefore described the walls may receive additional strength by being filled with concrete, cement, or like material. By means of a course of the same form of block laid immediately under the joists of the floor and having the spacing filled with concrete the load on the floor will be more uniformly and regularly distributed, the concrete forming a suitable bearing for the embedded anchor-pins of the joist.

While I have shown and herein described one particular embodiment of my invention, it is of course to be understood that I do not limit myself tothe precise details of construction. shown herein, as theremay be modifications and variations in certain respects without departing from the essential features of the invention or sacrificing any ofthe advantages thereof.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A building construction, comprising a plurality of building-blocks, each block being substantially Lshapein cross-section, and

plurality of blocks, substantially L shape in cross-section, each block having a longitudinal rib and an end flange, said end flange extending slightly beyond the vertical plane of the end portion of the horizontal member of the block, said end flange having grooves formed in. the top thereof, and a rib extending longitudinally of the horizontal member of each block, the construction being such that when one block is inverted and superposed upon an adjacent block the longitudinal ribs of the blocks are adapted .to interlock with the grooves of an adjacent block, substantially as set forth.

3. A buildingconstruction, comprising a plurality of building-blocks, each block having a groove and a rib, the rib of one block being adapted to interlock with a groove of an adjacent block when one block is superposed upon another, a portion of the surface of said block being cut away to form a recess for a filling of 061116111301 similar binding material, substantially as set forth. 7

4. A building construction, comprising a. wall formed of a plurality of building-blocks,

' 5 each block being substantially L shape in cross-section and adapted to be arranged relative to an adjoining block to form a. rectan gnlar block, said blocks being recessed to form a passage-way for pipes and the like,

and a. series of facing bricks or blocks for In said Well, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

FRANCIS'W. SPENCER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE E. BREWER, R. W. DENMAN.

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