US73455A - rowland - Google Patents
rowland Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US73455A US73455A US73455DA US73455A US 73455 A US73455 A US 73455A US 73455D A US73455D A US 73455DA US 73455 A US73455 A US 73455A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wick
- air
- lamp
- burner
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101710013416 FAIM Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000350481 Pterogyne nitens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000023298 conjugation with cellular fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101700082413 tant Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000021037 unidirectional conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
Definitions
- the nature of our invention consists in so constructing an argand or annular-wick lamp-burner, that crude petroleum or any other volatileizid hydrocarbon can be safely used under all circumstances for illuminating purposes, and a perfect combustion obtained, while our wholeapparatus is socompact that it can be substituted for the common fiat-wick kerosene-burner, and attached to any ordinary glass lamp.
- An annular wick maybe thus used at a very slight comparative expense, yet with al1 the well-known advantages of the most costly metal argand-lamps.
- Figure 2 a cross-section of the same on line A B
- Figure 3 a vertical section of a burner, of a somewhat different form, for special uses.
- the form of construction of the upper part of the burner, shown in g. 1, is intended for hand and portable lamps for general use, it being so arranged that the current of air supplying the outer surface of the ame shall not, when the lamp is moved about from place to place, impinge directly upon the dame, and cause it to Waver and flicker.
- the arrangement shown in fig. 3 is intended for stationary chandelier and table-lamps, which are not ordinarily moved about nor subject to unsteady currents of air, and in this form we are able to bring the dame nearer the surface of oil in the lamp than in the former.
- a represents the annular or argand wick, contained -between the wick-tubes 6 and c, said tubes being connected and soldered together at their lower ends, forming an annular chamber for holding the wick.
- d is a third tube, placed around and concentric with the wick-tubes, forming an annular air-passage er chamber, e, 'around said outer wick-tube.
- the tube d is closed at the bottom, andis provided at its upper end with a screw thread, by means of which the whole apparatus can be screwed into the ring or collar of an ordinary lamp, Air for supplying the interior of the dame enters the perforated casingf, at the top of the 'chamber e, passes thence down through -said chamber e under the wick-tubes, and up through the centre space g to the interior surface of the flame. Oil is supplied from the reservoir or lamp h tothe wick, by means of the small feed; tube z'. Bythis arrangcmentthe oil contained in the reservoir L is perfectly protected from becoming heated, by the constant current of cold air passing between it ⁇ and the wick-tubes.
- Air is supplied to the outer surface of theiiame through the perforated casing le and air-passage Z, ⁇ being directed against the iiame properly, in the form of burner shown in fig. 3, by Y" Lans of thc perforated disk m.
- a contracted chimney is used, and in iig. 3 the disk m is so formed that a straight chimney'may be used.
- lVithout the use of this partition or flange the light is unsteady and flickering, and combustion is imperfect; with it, the inner and outer currents of air are equally steady and effective, and a steady, brilliant light, and perfect combustion are obtaigcil.
- the casingsf and 7c may be more or less open or closed, according to the amount of air required.
- the direction of the interior and exterior currents et' oir is indicated on the drawing by red arrows.
- a perforated stopper, o is provided to the usual filling-aperture.
- the wick is raised and lowered by the usual means, by revolving the upper detachable portion of the burner, of which the ilauge 1t may form a part.
- the edge of the flange may be milled, and the wiel: adjusted by turning the flange.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Description
lfimw N jzgmd Lw- 73455 Faim mi v1.24 A965.
'geiten gratta @anni @Hita A. K. MURRAY AND A. B. HOWLAND, OF TITUSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.
Lettere Patent No. 78,455, dated January 21, 1868. I
IMPROVED ARGAND-LAMP FOR BURNING PETROLEUM.
` @Ligt tlgaale maar tu in tipa ettas utmt ma mating gaat nf tige tame.
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
Be it known that we, A. K. MURRAY and A. B. HOWLAND, both of the city'of Titusville, county of Crawford, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Argand-Lamps for Burning Crude Petroleum and other volatile hydrocarbons; and'wc do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon. i
The nature of our invention consists in so constructing an argand or annular-wick lamp-burner, that crude petroleum or any other volatile luid hydrocarbon can be safely used under all circumstances for illuminating purposes, and a perfect combustion obtained, while our wholeapparatus is socompact that it can be substituted for the common fiat-wick kerosene-burner, and attached to any ordinary glass lamp. An annular wick maybe thus used at a very slight comparative expense, yet with al1 the well-known advantages of the most costly metal argand-lamps.
In order to burn crude petroleum safely and with perfect combustion, it-is necessary to supply the interior as well as the exterior surface of the annular wiel; and :dame with a strong, steady current of oxygen,(or atmospheric air,) and at the same time it must be so arranged that there shall be no possible chance or risk incurred of the oil within the lamp becoming heated, by contact with the wick-tubes or other heated surfaces. It is also necessary to keep the top of the wick as near to the level of the oil within the lamp as possible, consistent with safety and convenience, so that thecrude particles of the petroleum may be drawn up the wick to the iiame; otherwise the wick will become clogged with these crude particles, and only the lighter portions or gas will be burned. The accompanying drawings illustrate our method of construction- Figure 1 being a vertical section of the lamp and burner,
Figure 2 a cross-section of the same on line A B, and
Figure 3 a vertical section of a burner, of a somewhat different form, for special uses.
The form of construction of the upper part of the burner, shown in g. 1, is intended for hand and portable lamps for general use, it being so arranged that the current of air supplying the outer surface of the ame shall not, when the lamp is moved about from place to place, impinge directly upon the dame, and cause it to Waver and flicker. The arrangement shown in fig. 3 is intended for stationary chandelier and table-lamps, which are not ordinarily moved about nor subject to unsteady currents of air, and in this form we are able to bring the dame nearer the surface of oil in the lamp than in the former.
Parts performing'similar functions are indicated by similar letters in each of the figures.
a represents the annular or argand wick, contained -between the wick-tubes 6 and c, said tubes being connected and soldered together at their lower ends, forming an annular chamber for holding the wick. d is a third tube, placed around and concentric with the wick-tubes, forming an annular air-passage er chamber, e, 'around said outer wick-tube. The tube d is closed at the bottom, andis provided at its upper end with a screw thread, by means of which the whole apparatus can be screwed into the ring or collar of an ordinary lamp, Air for supplying the interior of the dame enters the perforated casingf, at the top of the 'chamber e, passes thence down through -said chamber e under the wick-tubes, and up through the centre space g to the interior surface of the flame. Oil is supplied from the reservoir or lamp h tothe wick, by means of the small feed; tube z'. Bythis arrangcmentthe oil contained in the reservoir L is perfectly protected from becoming heated, by the constant current of cold air passing between it` and the wick-tubes. Air is supplied to the outer surface of theiiame through the perforated casing le and air-passage Z,`being directed against the iiame properly, in the form of burner shown in fig. 3, by Y" Lans of thc perforated disk m. In fig. 1, a contracted chimney is used, and in iig. 3 the disk m is so formed that a straight chimney'may be used.
,It being necessary to keep the iiame' as low down as possible, for reasons' hcreinbefore stated, it is impor tant to provide seine means of separatingthe two currents of air entering the perforated casingsf and 7c, and giving to each its proper direction, otherwise the greater portion et' it will pass through the passage Z by the nearest route to the ilamc,.and the arrangement for supplying air to the interior surface of the iame will b'e ineteet-ive.' For this purpose we provide a partition or flange, n, which is arranged to embrace the outer wicka tube e, and extends outward to or beyond the easingsf and It, sulicie'ntly to separate them, and the-currents of air entering them, and to give to each current its proper direction. lVithout the use of this partition or flange the light is unsteady and flickering, and combustion is imperfect; with it, the inner and outer currents of air are equally steady and effective, and a steady, brilliant light, and perfect combustion are obtaigcil. The casingsf and 7c may be more or less open or closed, according to the amount of air required. The direction of the interior and exterior currents et' oir is indicated on the drawing by red arrows. To allow ot' the free escape of any gases accumulating within the lmnp, and of the ingress of air to occupy the place of the same, a perforated stopper, o, is provided to the usual filling-aperture. The wick is raised and lowered by the usual means, by revolving the upper detachable portion of the burner, of which the ilauge 1t may form a part. The edge of the flange may be milled, and the wiel: adjusted by turning the flange. y
By the above-described arrangement of burner, crude petroleum, as it issues from the wells, maybe burned with perfect safety, at one-third the cost ofnny other oils, and with a. light of much greater illuminating power than can be obtained from -reined oil or any other fluid in use. v At the same time the various light products and results'of the distillation and refining of the crude oil can beused with equal safety.
We do not claim broadly the manner of supplying air to the interior ot the dame through the passages c and g, as we are aware that lamps have been heretofore constructed with a. similar arrangementof` air-passages, but,
What we claim as our specific invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The employment of the partition or ilange n, or its equivalent, arranged with relation to the air-passages e und Z, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The arrangement and combination of the disk m, perforated casing c, and partition or flange n, with the annular Wick-tubes, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The general arrangement and combination of the flange n and air-passages c :ind Z with the annular wick-tubes, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated at Titusville, Pennsylivnnio., this twenty-ninth day of July, A. D. 1867.
- A. K. MURRAY.
A. B. HOWLAND.
Witnesses:
M. W. POND, Jr., G. A. CHASE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US73455A true US73455A (en) | 1868-01-21 |
Family
ID=2142965
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US73455D Expired - Lifetime US73455A (en) | rowland |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US73455A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100280709A1 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Awarding standings to a vehicle based upon one or more fuel utilization characteristics |
-
0
- US US73455D patent/US73455A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100280709A1 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Awarding standings to a vehicle based upon one or more fuel utilization characteristics |
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