US732419A - Smoke-consuming furnace-controlling apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

. H. KOWIIZKE. SMOKE CONSUMING FURNACE CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1902.

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PATENTED JUNE 30,-1903.

H. KOWITZKB. SMOKE OONSUMING' FURNACE CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION TILED DEC. 10, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

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PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

No. 732,419. 4 A

- r H. KOWITZKE.

SMOKE GONSUMING FURNACE CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1902. 13;. A?

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N0 MODEL.

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H. KOWITZKE. SMOKE OONSUMING FURNACE CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1902.

6 SHBBTSSHEET 4.

N0 MODEL-I y PATBNTED JUNE 30, 1903.

H. KOWITZKE: SMOKE GONSUMING FURNACE CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 10, 1902- 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

N0 MODEL.

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PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

H. KOWITZKE. SMOKE CONSUMING FURNACE CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

A v APPLIUATION FILED DEG. 10 1902.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

N0 MODEL.

\ U ITED STATES Patented June 30, 1903.

. PATENT "OFFICE.

HERMANN KOWITZKE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 732,419, dated June 30, 1903- Application filed December 10, 1902. Serial No. 134,612. (No model.)

venteda new and useful Smoke-Consuming Furnace-Controlling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements insmoke-consuming furnaces in which the fluedamper is closed on opening the fire-door for charging, and on again closing the fire-door the flue-damper is opened and afterward allowed to gradually sink in proportion to the progress of the combustion; and the objects of my improvement are, first, tov make the fire-bridge of cast material, hollow, and taper upward, while providing on its top one or several apertures and on its bottom one or several clack-valves for the admission of supplementary air to the fire-gases; second, to provide a first clockwork and means for so controlling the said air clack-valves as to gradually close them, the clockwork being arranged to be wound by the fire-door when opened; third, to provide a second clockwork, put into motion by the sinking flue-damper for regulating the speed of the latter; fourth, to pro vide between said second clockwork and the certain cases said second clockwork and releasing the same at a certain time after said first clockwork has already run off, and,

' seventh, to provide means for regulating the time required for the running off of said first clockwork and said third clockwork. I attain these objects by themechanisin illustrated in a mode of execution in the accompanying drawings, in which Figurel is aside elevation of my apparatus as applied to a steam-boiler, the front part of the latter being indicated by dotted lines, while the three clockworks are omitted and their casing is merely indicated by dotted lines for the: sake of clearness. Fig. 2 is a front view of the apparatus and part of the steamboiler. Fig. 3 is a front view of the three clockworks. and the parts connected therewith, the Wall-bracket being omitted and a casing shown in section. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the same on the broken lines -5 t, u a), w 00in Figs. 5 and 6 and in the directionof the arrows. Fig. 5 is a plan of the same. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through the line y z in Fig. 3, and Fig. 7 is a detail, which .will bereferred to later on.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

My apparatus can be applied to furnaces of various descriptions. In Figs. 1 and 2 it is assumed to be applied to the one furnace of a steam-boiler, provided with two internal The hollow fire-bridge 22, of cast-iron and tapering upward, is made to rest 011 a suitable support 44, which is provided with one or several apertures leading to the cavity 21 of the fire-bridge. In these apertures several clack valves 24 are mounted to turn, which are connected by levers 45 with a rod 25. The lat ter is provided with a handle 25, by means of which it can be moved by hand longitudinally to open and close the clack-valves 24. The rod 25 can be disconnected from the pin on the lever 26 and again made to engage with the same.

The lever 26 is fastened on a shaft 27, mounted to turn in suitable bearings 46 47. When the clack-valves 24 are opened, air will enter the cavity 21 and become there heated before it escapes through the narrow apertures 23, arranged inacircle, (see Fig. 2,) and mixes with the fire-gases, so as to consume the smoke. On the shaft 27 another lever 29 is fastened, which is provided with several holes, .1

the barrel 31 is secured the upper end of a within a casing 59, Figs. 3 and 6.

put the clockwork A into motion, the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 310 and the click 311 bein g shaped accordingly. Vhen the weight 28 is raised in a manner to be presently explained, the weighted lever fwill by the chain 300 revolve the barrel 3] in the opposite direction, so that it will wind on the chain 30.

On the fire-door 20 at a certain distance from its hinge-bolt 57 a vertical rod 58 is fastened, which is provided with two cars, and thereby linked to the two horizontal rods d and 2. The lower rod a is arranged to slide in a sleeve 11, Figs. 2 and 3, linked to the lower arm of a bell-crank lever 34. The latter is fastened on a shaft (50, which is mounted to turn in suitable bearings suspended from the casing 59. The pin on the upper arm of the lever 34 engages in a slot 35, of a plate 36 inserted in the chain 30. In Fig. 2 the bell-crank lever 34 occupies the position shown when the weight 28 has been raised. After the clockwork A has run off this lever will occupy such a position that the sleeve Z) touches the adjustable tappet 1/011 the rod a. It will now be understood that on opening the fire-door 20 the tappet I) of the rod (0 will push forward the sleeve I) from right to left, and thus turn the bell crank lever 34 into the position shown. Thereby the chain 30 will be wound on the barrel 31. and the clockwork A will then be ready to run, after the fire-door 20 has been again closed. At the same time the air clack-valves 24 have been opened to allow air to enter the cavity 21 of the fire-bridge and after its heating to mix with the tire-gases, whereby the smoke produced from the fresh charge of combustibles will be consumed. In a proportion as the fresh charge on the fire becomes heated and less smoke is produced the weight 28 will graduallysink, and so move the air clack-valves 24 as to gradually reduce the quantity of the supplementary air.

For regulating the time required for closing the air clack-valves 24 it is only necessary to vary the length of the chain 30 to be wound on the barrel 31. For this purpose a plate 61, provided with a series of holes, is affixed to the casing 59, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) and a pin can be introduced into any of the plate-holes for limiting the downward movement of the weighted lever f the moment the weight 28 is raised by the fire-door 20, when opened with the aid of the parts 58, a, b, b, 34, and 36, as described.

The flue-damper D is only partly balanced by a counterweight in a known manner, and connected with a chain 37 led forward to the front of the boiler over suitable rollers and carrying on its end a weight 40. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The latter serves merely for tightening the chain 37 and does not counterbalance the flue-damper. The chain 37 can be led over either the large chain-wheel 38 or the small chain-wheel 38 and over the roller The latter and also the aperture 48 in the plate 49 are wide enough to allow of the chain 37 being so shifted. The two chain-wheels 38 38 are fastened on a shaft 41 between the two bearings 51 52 on the plate 49. On this plate is placed a second clockwork B, of a construction similar to that of the first clockwork A, but without a barrel, and it is provided with a fly 54. The second clockwork 13 serves for regulating the movement of the sinking flue-damper and is actuated by the latter with the aid of the driving-shaft 42, which can be coupled with the shaft 41 by means of a clutch m. The one member on of the latter is mounted on the shaft4l. to shift longitudinally, and is prevented from turning by a pin in engaging its slots. The other member m is fastened on the shaft 42. A spiral spring 43, surrounding the shaft 41 between the bearing 52 and the member 111/, serves for pressing the latter against the other member 171?, and thereby coupling the two shafts 41 and 42. Vhen the fly 54 is released, it is evident that the flue-damper will. put the second clockwork B into motion and sink down slowly for gradually reducing the draft in the fine. The speed of the sinking fluedamper, or, in other words, that of the clockwork, can be varied by putting the chain 37 around thelarger chain-wheel 38 or the smaller chain-wheel 38 and by increasing and decreasing the weight 4()'i. 6., by adding or taking off several disks.

The clutch m can be disengaged by means of a two-armed lever 0, which is mounted to rock on a pin 56 in suitable bearings on the plate 49. The horizontallybent end of the upper arm of the lever 0 engages in an annular groove of the movable clutch member m. It is obvious that when the lower arm of the lever 0 is moved to the right in Figs. 2 and 3 the clutch m will be disengaged and the fluedamper allowed to drop. To prevent the plate 49 from being damaged by the weight 40 striking against it, a suitable spring 57 (see Figs. 1 and 2) is preferably attached to the plate 49 for softening the thrust of the weight 40. The lever 0 can be moved either by hand, by means of the handle 0, or by the fire-door 20 in the following manner: On the lower horizontal rod a an adjustable tappet o is secured, and on the shaft 60 a two-armed lever 0 is loosely mounted, the upper arm of which is pivotally connected with the lever 0 by means of a rod 0. Then the fire-door 20 is opened, the adjustable tappet 0 on the rod Ct thereby moved will at last strike against the lower arm of the lever 0 so that by the rod 0 the lever 0 is moved to disengage the clutch m, and thereby release the flue-d amper,

- is affixed.

which will at once drop. The furnace can now be charged, and on again closing the fire -door 20 the fluedamper is again raised by hand by pulling downward the weight 40, preferably after disengaging the clutch m by moving the lower arm of the lever 0 to the right. The fluedamper nowreq'uires to be held in its upper position until the air clackvalves 24 are .again closed to stop the admission of supplementary air, the formation of smoke being assumed to have ceased at this moment. For this purpose the fly 54 of the second clockwork B is checked by the upper bentend p of the vertically-movable rod 19. WVhen the first clockwork A is about to run 01f, a projection 19 of the lever (see Figs. 3 and 6) will strike against the lower end of the rod 19 and raise the latterwith its end 19, whereby the fly 54 is released and the second clockwork B is now put into motion. If, however, on the closure of the air clack-valves 24 smoke still continues to be formed, of course the flue-damper will require to be further held in its upper position during a certain time, which depends upon the nature of the combustibles. This means that the fly 54 of the second clockwork, now released by the first clockwork A, requires to be further checked until the said time has elapsed. For this purpose on the plate 49 a third clockwork 0 is placed, which resembles in its construction the first clockwork A and is provided with a fly 55 and a barrel 4. The latter is mounted loosely on the shaft of the first.

gear-wheel 62 and can engage the'latter by means of a rachet-wheel 63 and a click. To the barrel 4 on a convenient place is affixed the upper end of a chain 6, carrying the weight 7, while on another place (see also Fig. 5) the upper end of a chain 6, carrying the weight 8, The two weights 7 and 8 are guided on vertical rods 9 and 10, respectively, within a casing 64, Fig. 4. The one weight, '7, is

I heavier than the other weight, 8, and its excess can put the third clockwork G into motion. The upper horizontal rod 2, already mentioned above,islinked to the upper arm of a bell-crank lever 3, Fig. 3, which is mounted to rock on a pin 66, Fig. 4, secured to an arm of the plate 49. The lower arm of this lever 3 carries at its end a long pin 11 and near its nave a short pin 17. The long pin 11 reaches beneath the weight 7 and servesfor raising it. In Figs. 3 and 4 the fire-door is assumed to be closed and the third clockwork O to have run off. On opening the fire-door 20 it will by the rod 2 turn the bell-crank lever 3, so as to raise the weight 7 and at the same time to move by the pin 17 the lower arm of the lever o to the right, and thereby disengage the clutch m, so that the flue-damper is allowed to drop. The raising of the weight 7 has the effect that the other weight 8 sinks down and causes the barrel 4 to wind on the chain 6. On again closing the fire-door 20 the weight 7 will be released by the pin 11, so that it can sink down and put the third clockwork G into motion. Meanwhile the barrel 31 of the first clockwork A has equally woundon'a corresponding length of the chain 30 and the first clockwork A will now also move. The fly 54 of the second clockwork B, however, will be checked not only by the end 19 of the rod p, but also by the horizontal upper arm of the vertically-movable rod 16, this arm occupying the lower position. (Indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 4.) In general the first clockwork A will run oif earlier than the third clockwork C, so that the fly 54 of the second clockwork B will be released by the first clockwork A, but, nevertheless, it will remain checked by the upper arm of the rod 16. NVhen the third clockwork C is about to run-off, its rising weight Swill strike against the lower end of the rod 16 and raise it with its upper arm, whereby the fly 54 of the second clockwork B is released and the latter allowed to go for gradually lowering the flue damper. For regulating the time required for the running off of the third clockwork C in accordance with the nature of the combustibles on the fire-grate the following arrangement is made: The plate 67, closing the casing 64, Figs. 4, 6, and 7, is provided with a slotted scale-plate 68, the slot 69 of which has the peculiar shape shown. Aforked adjustable stop 12 is introduced through the slot 69 and grips over the guiding-rod 10. 011 drawing backward the knob 13 of the stop 12 its enlarged part 13 will get out of the respective enlarged recesses in the slot 69, so that the stop 12 can be'moved up and down. On releasing the knob 13 the spiral spring 71, bearing on the one end against the forked end of the stop 12 and on the other end against a washer 70, will cause the enlarged part 13 to engage the respective enlarged recesses. In this manner the forked stop 12 can be adjusted on any height. Supposing the stop 12 to be adjusted in the middle of the slot 69, it will be evident that 011 opening the fire-door the weight 8 will be allowed to drop only through half its path, as it will be caught by the stop 12'. The raising of the other weight 7 through its entire path will then have no further effect excepting that of slackening the chain 6. The barrel 4 will then have wound on only a length of the chain 6 equalto the actual path of the weight 8, so that on closing the fire-door the third clockwork will run off quicker.'i. e., in this case in half the time it would require if the weight 8 were allowed to drop through its full stroke. The figures on the scale 68 may denote the time in minutes or otherwise which is required for the running off of the third clockwork C and during which time the fluedamper remains in its upper position.

It will be noticed that the flue-damper can be released either by means of the lower rod a or by means of the upper rod 2 after the adjustable tappet o? 011 the former has been pushed off.

The time required for closing the air clackvalves 24 after they have been opened by the fire-door when charging the furnace can also be regulated by means of the lever 29, on which the lever-arm of the weight 28 and the chain 30 can be varied. The said time of course depends upon the nature of the eombustibles placed on the fire-grate. In case combustibles are employed which do not produce any smoke of course the admission of supplementary air to the fire-gases is unnecessary, and then the rod 25 can be disengaged from the lever 26 to leave the air clackvalvcs 24: in their closed positions, or the air clack-valves 24 and the first clockwork A with all the parts appertaining thereto may be omitted. I11 this case the clutch m can be still disengaged by the fire-door opened with the aid of the upper rod 2 for allowing the flue-damper to drop.

\Vhen the first clockwork A is either disengaged in the manner described above or omitted, the third clockwork C will have to regulate in the manner described above the time during which the fly 5a of the second clockwork B remains checked before the flue damper is allowed to gradually sink.

The flies of the various clockworks may be replaced by their equivalents. The three clockworks A, B, and C may be inclosed in a casing 0. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The construction of the clutch m is immaterial, the essential point being that it can be engaged and disengaged. The whole apparatus described so far can be varied in many respects without deviating from the spirit of my invention.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion-chamber with a flue, a hollow perforated fire-bridge arranged within the combustion-chamber, a valve adapted to close the fire-bridge perforation, a clockwork controlling the valve, a flue-damper within the flue, and means for closing said damper on the closing of the valve, substantially as specified.

2. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion-chamber with a flue, a fire-door for closing the combustion-chamber, a hollow perforated fire-bridge arranged within the combustion-chamber, a valve adapted to close the fire-bridge perforation, a first clockwork controlling said valve, means for winding up said clockwork upon the opening of the fire-door, a flue-damper within the flue, and a second clockwork controlled by the first clockwork and adapted to close said damper, substantially as specified.

. 3. In a furnace, the combination of a conibusfion-chamber with a fine, a hollow perforated fire-bridge arranged Within the combustion-chamber, a valve adapted to close the fire-bridge perforation, a first clockwork controlling said valve, a flue-damper within the flue, a second clockwork controlling said damper, and a third clockwork, the second clockwork being controlled by the first and third clockworks, substantially as specified.

I. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion-chamber with a flue, a fire-door for closing the combustion-chamber, a hollow perforated fire-bridge arranged within the combustion-chamber, a valve adapted to close the fire-bridge perforation, a first clockwork controlling said valve, a flue-damper within the flue, a second clockwork controlling said damper, a third clockwork, means for winding up the first and third clockworks by the opening of the fire-door, the second clockwork being controlled by the first and third clockworks, substantially as specified.

5. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion-chamber with a flue, a fire-door for closing the combustion-chamber, a hollow perforated fire-bridge tapering upward and provided with a series of openings at the bottom and at the top, a series of valves arranged within the bottom openings of said fire-bridge, a device for gradually closing said valves, means for connecting thevalves to said device, means for starting said device upon the opening of the fire-door, a flue-damper arranged within the fine, a clockwork controlling the sinking movement of the flue-damper, means for detachably connecting said flue-damper to the clockwork, means controlled by the fire-door when opened and by hand when the latter is closed for detaching said connecting means between the clockwork and the flue-damper to drop or raise the latter respectively, and means for checking said clockwork, the said device being arranged for disengaging said checking means and thereby releasing said clockwork when ceasing work, substantially as specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IIERMANN KOVITZKE.

lVitnesses:

KARL HALLBAUER, WOLDEMAR IIAUPT.

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