US587515A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

No. 587,515. Patented Aug. 3,1897.

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Patented Aug. 3,1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT UEEICE.

NICHOLAS B. TRIST, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 587,515, dated August 3, 1897. Application filed October 7, 1896.y Serial No. 608,190. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, NICHOLAS B. TEIsT, a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof. f

My invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of furnaces, its object being to provide ya conve-nient form of mechanism for supplying the furnace with air in such quantities as to insure more perfect combustion.

The invention comprises certain novel features, all of which will be fully hereinafter set forth and claimed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe the samemore fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side View of a boiler-furnace, partly broken away, with my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an end view. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4. is a vertical longitudinal section of the cylinder controlling the valve mechanism and the connections thereto; and Fig. 5 is a detail, partly in section, showing more clearly the device for controlling one 0f the valves.

Like letters of reference indicate like part-s in each view.

The invention may be applied to anysuitable form of boiler-furnace, that shown being a simple type used in connection with a tubular boiler. usual hre-chamber a, .which in the boilerfurnace is inclosed within the boiler itself, the outer shell of the boiler being shown at b, the inner shell at b', the boiler-tubes at c, and the furnace-door at d. The interior arrangement of the furnace is illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. Extending through the side walls of the furnace are the air -inlets e, which are shown as communicating with the furnace-chamber above the grate and are formed of suitable tubes passing through the inner and outer shells of the boiler, and in the back walls of the furnace above the door CZ are like air-inlets'f. (Shown bypdotted lines in Fig. 2.) These several air-inlets are controlled by the disks e', said disks being The furnace shown has the' mounted on the bell-cranks e2, which are pivoted at e3. The upper ends of the bell-cranks e2 are connected to the sliding rod g, said rod being journaled in guides g2. The disks c', when the cranks c2 are in the position shown in full lines, Fig. 1, close the air-inlets e, but when the sliding rod is moved said airinlets are opened, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. l. A like construction is employed in connection with the end inlet-ports f, the disks f being formed on the lower ends of the cranks f2, the upper ends of said cranks being connected to the sliding rod h', journaled in the guides h2.

The several sliding rods g andh' are connected to the main lever rl, fulcrumed at t" and adapted to be moved by means of the piston-rod 7o, controlled by the .piston k2 in the cylinder 7c3. This main lever c' is connected directly to one of the side bars by means of the strap 112, crank-lever Z, mounted in the bearing l', and strap Z2, so that as the lever is forced forward toward such crank-lever Z the sliding rod g is moved longitudinally in its guides and ,the disks e are withdrawn from the air-inlets e, or close the same, as the case may be.

The connections shown to the other sliding rods are as follows The lever t' connects with a crank-lever m, which bya strap m connects with the crank-lever m2, having a strap m3 connected to the sliding rodh". The'other end of the sliding rod 7?/ connects by a strap n with the crank-lever n, which by a strap n2 connects with a like crank-lever n3, a strap n.4 extending from such crank-lever to the sliding rod g on the other side of the boiler, which p hasdisks e depending therefrom and operated thereby. It will therefore be seen that when the piston operates to force out the main lever c' through crank-levers and straps all of the sliding rods are moved so as to Withdraw the disks from the several air-inlets communicating with the fire-chamber a and provide for the free entrance of air into the same.

At one side of the furnace is the air-reservoir o, whichmay be supplied with air from any suitable source, and in cases where my invention is used in connection with locomotives this reservoirmaybe supplied from the same source as the air to operate the brakes.

IOO

The pipe 0 leads from this reservoir to the cylinder k3, communicating therewith at the end opposite to that through which the pistonrod 7c passes, this pipe being controlled by the valve p, and when said valve is opened air passes from the reservoir to the cylinder and forces back the piston 7a2 therein and so causes the necessary movement of the lever t' for operatin g the valve-plates. This cylinder 7a3 has also the throttle-valve q, by which the air is permitted to escape gradually, and within the cylinder and confined around the piston-rod 3 between the end through which the piston-` rod passes and the piston itself is the spring q', which acts normally to force the piston 7a2 to the opposite end of the cylinder, this movement being gradual, however, because the air escaping is controlled by thethrottle-valve q, which, because of the slow escape, provides for a very gradual closing action. suits in a very gradual movement of the several sliding rods controlled by the lever z', so that a'fter the piston is once operated on by the compressed air the time at which the the valve as soon as the pressure is removed vthe'valve will be closed and the air-supply cutoff. Mounted inthe other arm of the lever 7" isa pivoted trip s, one arm of which extends up within the course of the door d, while the other extends down parallel with the arm r2 of the lever, so that when Vthe door is opened it will press upon one side of the upper Apart of the arm, and as that arm'is free toswing the door passes the trip, which drops back to its normal position, and when the door is closed it presses upon the other side ofthe upper arm of the trip, while the lower. arm thereof presses against the lever r, and i as the arm is held by the lever the closing of the door causes the movement of the lever, so as to open the valve p and permit the passage The spring r4 brings i the tripping-lever r back to its normal position and closes the valve as soon as the door;

of air to the cylinder.

itself is closed.

anism used to operate the sliding rods. Lead- E ing from the steam-space in the boiler is the pipe t, which is shown as extending down the end wall of the furnace and having the branch 3 'pipes t and t2, which are shown as communi-i catingwith the fire-chamber through the side l walls. The pipe t leads into the furnace This rechamber diagonally in the direction of the natural draft, while the pipe 't2 is shown as communicating with the furnace-chamber diagonally in the direction opposite to the natural draft, these pipes communicating With such chamber above the grate 7L, and being so arranged in order to form a swirl within the furnace-chamber and insure the mixing of the steam with the gases arising from the fuel therein. The pipe thas the valve t3, operated by the arm t4. This arm fis connected to the strap r3. By this construction at the same time that the valve p is opened the valve i3 is opened to admit steam to the rechamber.

In the operation of the furnace, whether for boiler purposes or other `heating purposes, it is desirable that there shall be a secondary supply ef air lto the gases passing over from the fuel on the grate, and for that purpose I employ the bridge-wall u. As shown in Fig. l, where the sideof boiler is broken away, this bridge wall is formed of courses of checker-brick and hollow tile placed the one upon the other, the two lower courses shown being open checker-brick, as at u', and resting upon the same is the hollow tile u2, which is surmounted by two courses of open checkerwork ug, with another line of hollow tile u2. Each course of hollow tile n2 has air-entrances a4 at one or both ends thereof and has the ports opening through the side thereof opposite to the grate, as at a5, so that the air entering through the same will'ntermingle with any of the unconsumed gases passing through the openings in the checker-work a or a3, and will so provide for a supply of arto such gases and lead to the colnbustionof thesame.

In the employment of the invention with the apparatus above described it will `be seen that in the normal positions of the 'parts 'the valves or disks feeding the air `to the Iiirechamber are closed,the fire-chamber then having its ordinary air-supply through the grate. Vhen itis intended to feed coal to the furnace, the fireman opens the door and swings it out, as usual, and it strikes the upperlarm of the trip s, passing the 'trip withoutoperating the apparatus, and the iiremanproceeds to feed the coal tot-he furnace. When he-closes IOO IIO

the door, it strikes against the upper a'rm of the trips and the lower arm strikes againstthe lever fr and is held thereby,sothat thedoor, in order to pass the trip, must move the lever r and through the same open the valves 'p and The opening of the valve p `permits the air Vto pass through the reservoir `o, through the pipeo, and theicylinder 7a3., forcing `back the piston 71:2, and through its :piston-rod 7c moving the main lever fr', and through the crank-lever connections therefrom operating thesliding rods g and 7L', and so acting to open the air-inlets to the fire-chamber above the grate. This will provide for the entrance of a sufficient portion of air to burn the gases which are rst driven off from the coal as it is heated and therefore provide for the more gradual escape of the air may be provided perfect combustion of the same, overcoming much of vthe loss of fuel in smoke. The opening of the valve t3 permits a supply of steam under pressure to the fire-chamber, the same entering from the pipes t t2 into the firechamber and providing an extra supply of such fluid to the same at the same time that the hydrocarbons or other combustible gases are being distilled from said freshly-fed fuel in larger quantities than in the normal operation of the furnace, so supplying fluid for supporting combustion of these gases and to a great extent preventing the emission of smoke from the furnace and utilizing these gases so generated in more than normal quantity from the fresh fuel in the heating of the boiler. All of such gases passing through the checker-work are mingled with the air entering from the courses of tile and burn ed therewith, the air entering'in this Way being heated by the heat of the tile, which is of course exposed to the heat generated within the furnace and is maintained at a sufficiently high heat to heat the incoming air. The movement of the piston k2 compresses the spring q' in the cylinder k3, and by the shutting of the door the spring r4 moves the lever r to its normal position, closing the valves p and t3. The spring q then operates on the opposite side of the piston k2 and will gradually force the air through the throttle-valve q and move the sliding rods as the air is permitted to escape from the cylinder. The only escape 0f the air is through the throttle-valve q, having but a small opening 'therein and that small Y opening governed by the valve, so that a very from the cylinder. In so doing the springl draws upon the main lever i and therefore draws the sliding rods out in such a w'ay as to bring the disks e f again over the air-inlets e f.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of a furnace having one or more inlet-ports, a sliding rod above said ports journaled in bearings on the furnace-walls, bell-cranks on said rods and pivoted to the f urnace-walls, uninclosed flat disks formed on the lower ends of said bell-cranks covering said ports, automatic apparatus' for moving said sliding rod and a trip operated by the door controlling the same, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a furnace-door, the lever Ir pivoted to the furnace-body and carrying the trip s pivoted thereon, having its upper arm extending within the course of the furnace-door, a valve, the lower arm of said trip engaging with said lever to move the same and operate said valve for admission of air or steam to the fire-chamber, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a furnace-chamber, of a bridge-Wall therein and a space beyond the bridge-wall, said bridge-Wall being formed of checker-work and of hollow tile having openings therein on the side opposite to the grate, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said NICHOLASv B; TRIST, have hereunto set my hand.

NICHOLAS B. TRIST.

Vitnesses:

WILLIAM PHILLIPS, ROBERT C. TOTTEN.

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