US723766A

US723766A - Electric headlight-lamp.

Info

Publication number: US723766A
Application number: US11022902A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harlan P Wellman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-06-04
Filing date: 1902-06-04
Publication date: 1903-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 1920-03-24

Description

. I No. 723.766. v PATENTED MAR. 24, 1903.

H. P. WELLMAN. v ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT LAMP.

APPLIUATION FILED .TUNE 4, 1902. I

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H. P. WELLMAN. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT LAMP.

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No. 723,766. PATBNTBD MAR. 24, 190s. H. P. WBLLMAN. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT LAMP.

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UNrrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

,IIARLAN P. WELLMAN, OF ASHLAND, KENTUCKY.

ELECTRIC HEADLIGr-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,766, dated March 24, 1903. Atplimion fried June 4,1902. stanno. 110,229. (Nomina.)

T0 @ZZ wiz/0m, t may concern:

Be itknown that 1, HABLAN P. WELLMAN, of Ashland, in the county of Boyd and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Headlight- Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The objects of this invention are, first, to provide a lamp having the magnetic coil, arcinclosure, clutch, dac., compactly arranged and capable of being easily removed from and placed within the lamp-casing; second, toprovide improved simple and highly-efficient means for striking the arc between the carbons; third, to provide an easily operated and removable negative-carbon holder and clamp, and, fourth, to improve the construc tion and general efficiency of electric head-V light-lamps, and especially enable the carbon rods to be easily and quickly adjusted and renewed when necessary.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims. Y 1 In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure lis a view in side elevation with thelanip-casing in section. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sec` tional view through the magnet-coil, its cas-f A ing, and the means for controlling the positive carbon rod. Fig. 3 is a plan View of theI coil-casing and the means for securing the same in place. Figs. 5 and 6 are plan and side views of the positive-carbon clutch. Fig. 7 is an enlargedV side View of the negative-carbon-rod holder with a modified form of arc-iuclosure support indicated in dotted lines. Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the subject-matter of Fig. 7. Fig. 9-is an enlarged vertical and horizontal sectional view of the upper portion of the clamp of the negative-carbonrod holder. Fig. 10 is a side view of modified means for inclosing the lower end of the negatiVe-carbon-rod holder. Fig. 11 is an end view thereof with one of the parts shifted.

arrangement for adjusting the latter. Fig.

Fig. 4 is a side View thereof.A

17 is a further illustration-of this modifican tion, as are also Figs. 18 and 19. Figs. 20 4and. 2l are details. Fig. 22 is a View of the positivecarbon-rod holder with the clutch located thereunder. Fig. 23 shows the base of the coil-casing locked in engagement with its holding means.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the lamp-casing; 2, therefiector; 3, the transparent arc-inclosure, and 4 the opaque top and bottom end pieces thereof, which are shown in Fig. 1 as extended through opposite openings in the reflector.

5 is a metallic frame or standard within the casing in rear of the reflector and having at its top a circular portion 6, which is supported at 7 by being secured to the reflector. On

vthis circular portion rests an insulating-ring 8, on which is a ring or circular plate 9, having diametrically opposite overhanging ears 10 extended from its upper surface.

12 designates the magnet-coil inclosed Within a skeleton or open-work casing 13, preferably of cylindrical formation at its ends. This casing at its lower end is encircled by a non-magnetic base in the form of aband 14, whose ends are united by a screw 15. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) This band extends upwardly from a horizontal portion 16, formed with a central opening and a depending skirt or circular portion 17. From the exterior of the base-band extend short lateral arms 1S,which are designed to tit between the plate 9 and the ears 10. InV this way the casing 13 of the magnet-coil may be locked and unlocked by a slight axial turn imparted thereto, such turning opening or closing a circuit-closer. For this purpose the casing carries an insulated terminal contact 19 in the form of a spring-arm 20, crimped at its free end to engage a stationary insulated terminal contact 2l, mounted on plate 9, which arm by engaging with the terminal 21 serves to hold the base and casing from turning or becoming loose by the motion of the car upon which the headlightdamp is located. Through an insulating-bushing 22 in the top of the casing 13 is passed one terminal` of the coil, which terminal is carried to the contact 19, the other terminal of the coil being grounded on the casing 1, which is the positive side of the lamp and is insulated from the negative IOO terminal. The object of making the coil-casing in skeleton form is to allow of perfect ventilation and prevent overheating.

On the top of casing 13 is a housing 23, wherein a spring 24 is heldunder tension by screw-cap 25, which spring tends to hold the lower flanged end of a sleeve 26 against the bottom of the housing, said sleeve being screwed on the exterior of the positive-rod tube 27. A nut 28 closes the upper ends of the sleeve 26 and tube 27.

29 is an armature whose cylindrical portion is located inside the coil and through 4which the carbon-rod tube 27 is extended.

From near its lower end extends a lateral disk-like flange or horizontal portion 30, movable within the base 14 between the magnetcoil and the horizontal portion 16 of the former, being guided in its movements and held as against axial turning by a guide-pin 31 of the base fitted in an opening in the armature. By this construction practically all of the lines of magnetic force are utilized in elevating the armature within the coil, the top of the armature being attracted by the magnetic influence of the iron of the casing directly beneath housing 23, while the disk-like flange 30 is attracted by the outer lower edge of the casing surrounded by the su pporting-base 14. This results in producing a very economical arrangement, since by reason thereof the armature and carbons are elevated the proper distance for striking the arc with the smallest'possible amount of electrical energy.

Into a lower cylindrical portion 32 of the armature extended through the opening in the part 16 of the base is screwed a nut 33, from which depends an arm 34.

35 is a clutch in the form of a ring, having its open ends pivotally secured to the lower end of arm 34, while at its opposite side it has an ear 36, pivoted to a collar 37, fast on tube 27. The clutch is in one piece and entirely encircles the carbon-rod tube, but without touching or contacting therewith excepting through its connection to collar 37. An opening 38 is formed in tribe 27, near the lowergend of the latter, to accommodate an inwardly-projecting tooth of the clutch, designed to engage the positive carbon a; for lifting the same in striking the arc. The connection between the end of the clutch-ring and the arm 34 is such as to prevent binding and allow a free and easy movement. The elevation of the armaturekk carrying the arm 34 upwardly causes the clutch-tooth to engage the carbon rod ac and eectthe elevation thereof. The length of the arc may be adjusted by the turning of sleeve 26, which changes the normal position of tube 27 and collar 37 with respect to the clutch and armature. A non-magnetic washer or distancepiece 39 is located between the armature and the housing to prevent the former coming into too close or intimate contact with the latter or the magnetic casing, which might interfere with the proper operation of the lamp, since the residual magnetism might probably hold the armature elevated when the current was off and at a time when the -armature should be down in its normal or non-operative position. In the form shown in Fig. 2 the upper end of the arc-inclosure extends into the skirt 17, and on the top thereof is a cap 40, formed with an opening to accommodate the tube 27 and arm 34.

41 designates a bracket extending from a frame 5 for supporting the holder 42 of the negative carbon rod, said bracket also supporting the arc-inclosure. Through an opening in this bracket is passed the holder 42 in the form of a tube open at its ends, being beveled on its inner side at its upper end, as shown at 43. In opposite sides of the holding-tube are located a longitudinally-extended groove 44 and a series of spaced-apart recesses or depressions 45. Into the former extends the pointed end of a screw 46, working in a boss of the bracket, said screw serving merely to guide the holder-tube as against axial turning, while into the recesses 45 is designed to project one end of a spring-pressed rod 47, having a milled head 48, cut out to extend over the boss or housing 49. By pulling on this rod its end will be disengaged from the holder-tube,and thelatter may thereupon be raised or lowered to effect the proper adjustment of the parts. In lieu of the series of recesses and the pointed rod other means may be used for effecting the longitudinal adjustment and holding of the holdertube. In Figs. 16 and 17 I have shown this tube as equipped with a rack-bar 50, the spring-pressed rod having a widened end 5l, equipped with teeth corresponding to the rack-bar.

52 designates the clamp for the negative carbon rod y. This clamp is shown in the form of a tube located within the holder-tube 42 and having its upper end beveled inwardly and designed to engage the outwardly-beveled ends of two semicircular sections 53, the upper beveled ends of which conform to the bevel 43 of the holder-tube 42. By the axial turning of a milled nut 54, screwed on the lower end of tube 42 and held fast to the clamping-tube 52 by a screw 55, the semicircular tube-section 53, by reason of the wedgelike actions on the ends thereof, are forced into positive engagement with the negative carbon rod y. By turning the nut 54 in the opposite direction the carbon rod will be released and permitted to fall to the lower end of the holder, whereupon it may be removed by the withdrawal of a milled nut 56, screwed into the lower end of tube 52. In this nut 56 is a central opening 57, not large enough for the carbons to fall through, but of suffi.- cient size to permit a rod to be inserted after the C.two carbon rods have been passed upwardly into`tube 52 to effect the proper positioning of both carbon rods, and. when this is accomplished the turning of nut 54 will result in the clamping-sections 53 bind- IOO IIO

maree Y tive-carbon holder it is obvious that the adjustment thereof may be readily effected by successive stops without danger of its falling entirely out of place, and by this means the arc may be uniformly maintained at the focal center of the reflector'.

The operation is as follows: Upon the current being admitted to the magnet-coil the armature 29 will be elevated, carrying upwardly the clutch-ring, which engaging the positive carbon elevates the latter and its tube 27 as against the tension of spring 24 until the armature reaches the limit of its upward movement,when the properlength of arc has been attained, the extent of such movement being regulated bythe adjustment of sleeve 26 on tube 27. Upon the current being cut off from the magnet-coil all the parts mentioned immediately resume their normal nonoperative positions. By a slight axial turning of the coil-casing and its supporting-base the same will be unlocked from the retaining-plate 9 and may thereupon be easily removed by being lifted upward. This axial movement disconnects the magnet-coil circuit, lhe spring-arm 2O being disengaged from the stationary lamp-terminal 2l. The reverse movement of the parts-that is, in repositioning the coil-casing-effects the im mediate closing of the circuit between the stationary terminal 2l and the casing-terminal 19, the lamp being then ready for the current to be cut thereinto. In charging the lamp with the carbons, and for this purpose a hole or opening is usually formed in the bottom of the lamp-casing, the nut 26 is removed, and both carbon rods are inserted upwardly into the lower-carbon holder, whereupon the nut 26 is replaced and the carbons are forced upwardly by the insertion of a rod or other instrument through the opening 57. lVhen the meeting ends of the two rods are located at the focal center of the lamp, the nut 54 is turned to effect the clamping of the lower or negative carbon rod,'whereupon the lamp is ready for burning. After the lamp has been burning some few hours the arc willdrop below the focal center and project the light upward at an undesired angle, because of the fact that the positive carbon feeds downward and the negative carbon is normally stationary. To restore the arc to the focal center, it is necessary to raise the lower carbon, which may be done by disengaging the spring-held rod 47 from the holder-tube 42, which latter may then be moved upwardly and again secured at the desired point by releasing the hold on rod 47. If the negative carbon does not extend far enough above its holder, itis necessary to insert a rod or other instrument through opening 57 until it touches the lower end of the negative carbon, when by releasing the bite of the clamping-sections 53 thereon, as by turning nut 54, the operator by pushing upwardly on the rod will raise the negative carbon the proper distance, whereupon the turning of nut 54 will again Yclamp the negative'carbon and allow the raising-rod to be withdrawn. Hence it will be seen that the position of the 'negative carbon may be controlled both by adjusting the holder and by raising and lowering the carbon independently of its holder.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the construction and arrangements of the various parts without departing from the scope of lny invention. l

I claim as my invention- 1. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a central opening and overhanging ears, -a magnet-coil, a casing therefor, an armature movable in such coil, a clutch for engaging one of the carbons, and a non-magnetic base supporting said casing and havingvarms designed to rest on said support and to be held by said ears, as set forth.

2. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a central opening and overhanging ears, a magnet-coil, a cylindrical casing therefor of skeleton formation, an armature movable in such coil and extended through said central opening, a clutch actuated by said armature for engaging one of the lamp-carbons, and a base for said casing having lateral arms designed to rest on said support and extend beneath said ears, as set forth.

3. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a central opening and a stationary terminal, a magnet-coil, an armature therein, a clutch actuated by the armature for engaging one of the carbons, an insulatedcasing for such coil designed to rest on said support, and aterminal carried by said casing having a spring-arm designed to engage with the terminalon the support, as set forth.v

4. In'an electric headlight-lamp having a support formed with an opening and overhanging ears on its upper surface, an electrical terminal on said support, the casing,

the magnet-coil therein, an armature, a carbon-clutch actuated by the armature which latter is designed to extend into said opening, a non-magnetic base for said casing equipped with lateral arms designed to rest on the support and extend beneath said ears, and a terminal carried by'said base havinga spring-arm designed to engage the terminal of the support when the arms are moved beneath'said ears, as set forth;

5. -The combination with the frame, and the supports for the upperand lower carbons,`

of the arc-inclosure resting on the lower support, a c-ap on the upper end of said inclo- IOO IIO

ISO

sure, the non-magnetic base having a depending portion extending below and inclosing said cap and the upper end of the arc-inclosure, retaining said cap in place, the arcforming mechanism and clutch for the upper carbon carried by said base, as set forth.

6. In an electric headlight-lamp, a support having a circular portion, a plate mounted thereon, an insulating disk beneath said plate, said plate having overhanging ears, the casing, arc-forming mechanism and clutch for the upper carbon carried by said casing, a non-magnetic base for said casing equipped with lateral arms designed to rest on said plate and engage beneath said ears, an insulated spring-terminal mounted on said base, and an insulated terminal mounted on said plate and with which the former terminal is designed to contact when the arms are beneath the ears, as set forth.

7. In an electric headlight-lamp, a magnetcoil, a cylindrical casing therefor of skeleton formation, a non-magnetic base for said casing, a support for such base, means for removably connecting the base to the support, an armature Within the coil and casing, means actuated by the armature for engaging and raising the positive carbon, an insulated terminal mounted on said support, and an insulated terminal on the non-magnetic base designed to contact with the iirstmentioned terminal when the casing is looked on the support, as set forth.

8. In an electric headlight-lamp, a magnetcoil, a non-magnetic support therefor having lateral arms, a support upon which said arms are designed to rest, holding means on said support with which the arms are designed to coact, an armature Within the coil, means actuated by the armature for engaging the positive carbon rod, an insulated terminal of the magnet-coil mounted on the non-magnetic support, and an insulated terminal on the support with Which the former terminal is designed to engage when the casing is locked on its support, as set forth.

9. In an electric lamp, a magnet-coil, a cylindrical skeleton casing inclosing said coil, a non-magnetic base, supporting said casing and having lateral arms, a support for said base having overhanging ears beneath Which the arms are designed to extend when the casing is turned axially, a terminal springarm of the magnet-coil mounted on the casing, and a stationary terminal mounted on the support and with which the former terminal is designed to contact when said arms are moved beneath said ears, as set forth.

10. The combination with the magnet-coil, and the armature, of the carbon-tube extended through said armature, a clutch supported by the tube and connected to the armature and designed to engage the carbon within the tube, and adjustable means for exerting pressure on said tube in opposition to the action of the magnet-coil on the armature, as

set forth.

1l. The combination with the magnet-coil and the armature of the carbon-tube having an opening, aclutch having a tooth designed to extend through said opening to engage the carbon rod, a connection between the clutch and the armature, and means acting on the tube in opposition to the action of the coil on the armature, as set forth.

12. The combination with the coil, its casing and the armature, of the tube for the carbon having an opening therein, a clutch supported by said tube having a tooth extending through said opening, a connection between the clutch and the armature, a sleeve adjustable on the upper end of the tube engaging the coil-casing at its lower end, and a spring tending to hold said sleeve against said casing, as set forth.

I3. The combination with the magnet-coil, its armature and the carbon tube, of the clutch supported by said tube and designed to engage the carbon rod, a connection between the clutch and the armature, the casing for the coil having an opening in its top and a surrounding housing, said tube being extended through said opening, and into said housing, an adjustable sleeve on the upper end of the tube, a spring Within the housing acting on said sleeve, and a nut for regulating the tension of said spring, as set forth.

14. In an electric headlight-lamp the combination with the support, of the magnet-coil, the armature therefor, the carbon rod'therein, means actuated by the armature for engaging and moving said carbon rod, and the casing for the coil resting on said support, said casing being of skeleton formation, as and for the purpose stated.

l5. The combination with the magnetic casing and the magnet-coil, of the armature having a depending cylindrical portion, the carbon-tube extended through such cylindrical portion, said tube having an opening therein, the clutch mounted on the tube and having a tooth extending through said opening, and a connection between said clutch and the armature, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination with the magnet-coil and the armature having a cylindrical portion formed with a depending threaded extension, of a nut screwed into said extension, an arm depending from said nut, the carbontube extended through said nut and cylindrical portion of the armature and having an opening therein, and the clutch-ring supported by said tube and having a tooth extended into said opening, said clutchring being loosely secured to saidv depending arm, substantially as set forth.

17. The combination with the magnet-coil and inclosing casing, of the movable armature, and a non-magnetic washer or distancepiece between the armature and the casing, as and for the purpose stated.

1S. In an electric headlight-lam p, a carbonholder adjustable vertically, means for de- IOO IIO

'tachably engaging and holding said holder,

and means for preventing the aXial turning of the latter, as set forth.

19. The combination with the bracket having an opening therein, of the carbon-holder having a tube fitted in said opening and equipped with a series of recesses, a springpressed member mounted in the bracket for engaging any one of said recesses, and means for preventing the axial turning of the tube, as set forth.

20. The combination with a bracket having an openingtherein, of the carbon-holder having a tube fitted in said opening, said tube lhaving on one side a longitudinal groove, and

on the other side a series of recesses, a screw mounted in the bracket extending into said groove, and a spring-pressed member also mounted in the bracket for engaging said recesses, substantially as set forth.

2l. Thecarbon-holder consisting of a tube, a second tube inclosed therein, separate clamping-sections located within the first tube and designed to be actuated by said second tube, and means on the exterior of the first-mentioned tube foractuating the second tube and tightening or releasing the clamping-sections, as set forth.

22. The carbon-holder having a tu-be located therein formed with beveled edges, two separate semicircular sections also within the holder having beveled edges designed to be engaged by those of the tube, and means at one end of the holder for forcing said tube into engagement with said sections for effecting the gripping of the carbon rod by the latter, as set forth.

23. The combination with the carbon-holder and the clamp therefor located within the holder and having a longitudinal opening, of means for closing said opening to prevent the passage of the carbons, such means havl ing an opening of less diameter than the carbons to permit of the insertion of means forv moving the latter, as set forth.

24. The combination with the carbon-holder and the clamp therein for the carbon rod, of means on the lower end of the holder for actuating the clamp, and a removable member for closing the lower end of the holder, said member having an opening therein of less diameter than that of the carbon-holder and the carbons, as set forth.

25. The combination with the carbon-holder of tubularform, of the clamping-tube located therein, clamping-sections above said clamping-tube designed to be actuated by the latter to engage the carbon, the nut secured to the lower end of the clamping-tube and engaging the carbon-holder tube, and the nut screwed into said clamping-tube having an opening of less diameter than that of the latter and also less than that of the carbons, substantially as set forth.

26. The combination with the tubular carbon-holder having its opening beveled at its upper end, of the clamping-tube within the holder beveled at its upper end, and the two separate semicircular clamping-sections between the upper end of the clamping-tube and the end of the carbon-holder tube, the ends of said clamping-sections being beveled to conform to the bevels of the holder-tube and to the bevels of the clamping-tube, and means for actuating the clamping-tube to force the same against `or release it from the clamping-sections, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HABLAN P. WELLMAN. Witnesses:

W. C. RICHARDSON, OSCAR HENTHORNE.