US717385A

US717385A - Liquid-purifier.

Info

Publication number: US717385A
Application number: US7846401A
Authority: US
Inventors: Emil Gathmann
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-10-12
Filing date: 1901-10-12
Publication date: 1902-12-30
Anticipated expiration: 1919-12-30

Description

E. GATHMANN. IaIflUl D PURIFIER.

(Application filed Oct. 12, 1901.}'

Patented owan, 1902.

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Shoat I.

witness @M A! W f I N0: 7l7,385 M Patented Dec. an, 2902 E. GATHMANN. LIQUID PURIFIER. (Applicafio xz filed Oct; 12, 1901 4 Sheets-$heat 2.

(No Model.) I

HIW I urn-Mm E. GATHMANN. LIQUID PURIFIE B.

Application filed Oct-12, 100m Patented Dec. 30, I902.

4 Shanty-Sheet 3.

'P'atented Dec.f30. m. E. amnmma.

LIQUID PUBIFIEH.

(Application filed Oct. 12, 1901.)

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(lumen I'oz UNITED STATES P TENT ()FFIQE.

v EMiL GATHMANN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR OF onnuALr LUMBIA;

"ro LOUIS GATIIMANN, on WASHINGTON, DISTRICT oF'oo- 'LlQUlD-PURIFJERF SPECIFICATIQN forming partvof Letters Patent bio. 717,385, dated December 30, 1902.

Application filed October 12, 1901. Serial No. 78.46% (No modelJ To all whom it may concernr Be it known that I, EMIL GA'IHMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at VVashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a new and Ind-proved Purifier for. Water and other Liquids, of which the followingis a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and eiiicient apparatus for clarifying water and other liquids,aud it is intended principally for freeing water from sedimentary and other foreign material (.usu ally contained therein) to a degree which will til: it for human consumption and for uses in the arts, I The invention consists, broadly, in achamher to be supplied with the liquid to be clarified and mounted suitably for continuous rapid movement, whereby in such movement of the chamber and of the body of liquid contained therein the inertia of the solids con-' tained in theliquid will cause thenrto have a less rapid movement than the liquid body and to therefore accumulate in the rear portion of the chamber, while the clarified porz5' tion ofthe water occupies the front portion of saidchamber, said chamber being provided with an'outlet in its front portion for the withdrawal of the clarified liquid and with an outlet leading from its rear portion for the discharge of liquid containing the solids.

The invention consists, further, in the pro vision of continuously-open inlet and outlet passages to and from the'clarifying-ehamber above described, whereby the operation of clarification may be carried on continuously 40 -set forth.

- In the accompanying drawings, forming a v part of this specification, I have shown several constructions of the apparatus, these various forms being merely illu'strativeand sim-'. ply intended to show available plans for the,

embodiment'of my invention,

1 In all of the'illustrated forms the apparatus embraces a revolving chamber or a series of revolving chambers, each having an induction and an eductionport at or near its axis sort of rimless wheel.

of revolution, an eductiou-passage for the impurities at or near the outer-" end of the chamber or the end remote from the axis of ,tween the induction and eduction passages or ports formed in apipe which constitutes the axle of rotation ofthe separator; Fig.4 is a sectional elevation of a somewhat different form of the apparatus, taken on line 4 4 of Fig. .5. Fig. 5 is a section on the lines 5 5 of Fig. 4; and Fig. [i is a sectional detail on lines 6 6 of Fig. 5, showingthe partition between the induction and ed uctionvpassages or ports. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal se'ctionalelevation of still another form of the apparatus, taken on lines'7 7 of Fig; 8. Fig. 8 is a section on lines 8 8 of Fig. 7, and Fig.9 isavertical crosssection taken on lines 9 I) of Fig.

8 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig, 10 is a top view of still another .OI'lll of the separator. Fig. 11 is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view of another form of separator, taken on lines 11v 111 of Fig. 12., Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section taken on lines 12 12 of Fig. 11-. Fig.13isa section on lines 13 13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of another modification of the se'parator proper, the section plane being parallel to alougitudinal diaphragm in the chamber. Fig. .15 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another form ofthe separator.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughoutthe drawings. 1

First giving a general description of the particular and similar constructions shown in Figs.'l to 7, B I; are a series of oblong separating chambers or casings arranged radially end to end and connected together to form a At their converging point this wheel is revolubly mounted on hollowtrunnions A H, having support in any suitable frame, the trunnion A serving as an 10c discharge of water containing induction-pipe for the water or liquid to be and the opposite trunnion Hserviug an eduction-pipe for the discharge of the purified liquid. Each arm or casing B of the wheel constitutes complete separator and is divided longitudinally into two passages or compartments (3 and E. The former of these, U, at its inner end with the inducties-pipe A by the port l) and is provided with a small outlet L at its outer end for the and the direction of rotation (shown by the" arrow in Figs. 2 and 5) are such that the compartment C is behind the compartment E' when the apparatus is in motion and the outlot L is in line with the rear wall N of the compartment C. The induction and eduction ports D and G of the chambers G and E, respectively, being formed in a continuous pipe,

, a cross-partition a. is provided in said pipe b6-' tween 1) and G to cause the liquid to pass through the compartments (land in its progress from A to H.

The inletA may be connected with any desired source of supply and the outlet H with any point of delivery, and revolution of the separators B may be efiected by any suitable moans-as, for example, by a belt applied to a pulley I, attached to one of the hollow trun' nions. The plane of revolution may be either horizontal or vertical, but if horizontal the speed of revolution may be somewhat less than it vertical.

The mode' of operation is as follows: A stream of water being made to pass through the apparatus from A to H raters are rapidly revolving upon the trunnions the solid impurities in the outwardlymoving body of water in each'compartment C will by their greater inertia move relatively toward the rear wall N of said chamber C, while at the same time they are carried outward by the current and by centrifugal actiou. In this continual outward movement of the contents of the chamber 0 each part thereof has an accelerated advancing motion, due to its increasing distance from the ceni ter of revolution, and this condition favors the continuous and more rapid relative movement of the suspended solids backwardly toward the rear wall of the chamber, along and near which they are concentrated as they proceed outwardly. These impurities find egress, along with a small stream of water carrying them, through the discharge-opening L, while the clarified portion of the water in the front part of the compartment 0 passes out; through the opening F into the compartment E and thence through the opening G into the eduction-passage' through the hollow trunnion H.

the impurities ends open at F F to receive the water.

while the sepa-.

outlet L In this manner the operation of clarification may be'carried on continuously and as trial shows very effectively.

The apparatus is of course capable of various modifications in form and details of constructiou,while preserving the essential characteristics and mode of operation of my invention as above pointed out.

The difference between the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 and that shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 is slight and structural only, the former having its separators B and. their central connection cast'in halves, which are flanged and bolted together, as clearly seen in Fig. 1. In Figs. 4, 5, and 6 the casting is likewise in two parts; but the chambers are shown wholly in. one part, and the other part is merely a cap or cover, as seen at b, Fig. 4.

In the modification shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 a single and iuteriorlyrcontinuous shell B,

having tapered end caps K, forms the radi-- ally-outward passages or compartments C for the water, while the inward passages or compartments E E for the clarified water are formed by pipes leading to the hollow trunnions or eduction-pipe H and having their n this form of the apparatus the induction-pipe or hollow trunnion A of course opens interiorly into the general interior of the shell at its middle, and out two opposite arms of the previously-described wheel are present, giving what may be called a double separator.

In Fig. 10 is shown a double separator be centrally mounted on hollow trunnions, as in Fig. 7, one of the trunnions hsing seen at A. The delivery-plpes E E are this con structiou mainly exterior to the shell .3, ti receiving ends connecting with the interim the shell on its front side and at thedelivery ends being directed inwardly to the hollow exit-trunnion, as in Figs. 7, 8,'an d 3.

In the construction shown in Figs. 11, i2, and 13 a cylindric shell for a double separator is divided longitudinally by a median plate partition P, arranged in the plane of revolution and having its outer front corners cut away, as particularly shown in Fig. 11, 50 form the passages F, connecting the compartments 0 and E. In this construction the compartments C and E are side by side or one above the other, (according to the direction of the plane of revolution,) and the withdrawal of clarified liquid through the compartment E is insu red by the position of the passage E at the front or advanced side of the partition P.

Fig. 14 differs from Figs. 11, 12, and 13 in having its outer ends sonically tapered. The for the impurities is situated at the apex of the cone of each separator. and the rear wall of the conical cap or end K forms a continuation of the rear wall N of the chamber C, along which the solid impurities are free to pass to said outlet.

Fig. 15 has the partition P of Figs. 11 to 14,

but diifers from the preceding forms in having the outer end .of each separator deflectedbackwardly with reference to the direction of revolution and. corresponds with Fig. 14in having its extremity sharply tapered at K.

In all forms of the apparatus shown it will be observed that the outlet L for the impure stream of liquid leads from the compartment C of the separator. Desirably said outlet L y is radially beyond the passageF and, leads from the outer extremitity of asort of pocket,

into which the impurities tend to gather under the various forces brought into action in the operation of the apparatus.

I wish it to be understood that my invention is notrestricted to the particular forms of apparatus which I have shown or to either of them, su'ch'described for ms'of the apparatus being merely illustrative of the distinctive principle of my invention, and oi. what I now regard as the best forms of its-embodirnent. This principle may be defined as be-' jing, primarily, the concentration of solids within aliquid by giving motion to the liquid and a lesser motion to the solids, whereby a portion of the liquid body is carried beyond 4 or away from the solids, which are by their lesser motion gathered in another portion of the liquid body.

The motion here referred to is that produced by the advancing movement of the chamber C, containing the impure liq-.

' uid. The liquid advances at the same rate as the chamber which carries it; but the solids within the liquid advance with a less speed, because'of their inertia and of the centrifugal action.

yielding nature of the liquid which carries them.

In other words,.the solids fall back by their inertia in the progress of the sepa rator precisely assuch solids would settle to thebottom of the chamber by their gravity if the chamber were at rest, only much more rapidly. In such retardation of the solids they are concentrated on and near the rear wall oftherapidly-traveling chamber 0 of the apparatus, while at the same time they are moved outward toward the outlet L by the current flowing in that direction and in a revolutionary advance of the chamber by is, however, not vital to the operation of'the principle above set forth, because, as will be seen from Fig. 15, a proper'rearward direction of the rear wall of the advancing chamher 0 will permit the inertia of the solids to alone carry them to the outlet L, inertia being trifugal action, although in the desirable r0-' of course aided by the current toward the outlet L when said outlet is open, as when the apparatus is beingcontinuously supplied and discharged,

It is thus obvious that the fundamental principle of separation in the invention is distinct from and independent of that of cen tary form of the-apparatus about an axis; as shown, centrifugal action is advantageously brought into play, not necessarily .for the separation, but for the more rapid deposition and iorthe expulsionof the solids.

Such centrifugal actiontinuous operation of the apparatus the essenseitlingofthe solid'fby-utilizatiouof its inertia through unequal motion of the liquid and solids, accompanied-byewithdrawal of clarified liquid from the clear portion of the liquid body anda withdrawal of the solids, together with a portion of the liquid body containing such solids. (I

The sizes of the various passages may be fixed and originally constructed to suit particularsituations and requirements, or, manifest-ly, they may be provided with familiar means-'-such as valves, gates, or c'ocks--for their adjustment or regulation.

I claim as my invention 1. A separator forthe removal of solids from a; liquid,'consisting of a'chambe'r for the liquid to be clarified mounted suitably for. rapid bodily advancing movement, said chamber bein g provided with an outlet leading from clarified liquid and an outlet arranged .to take liquid and its contained solids'exclusively from the rear portion of thechamber.

' 2'. A separator for the removal of solidsfrom a liquid, consisting of a chamber mounted suitably for rapid bodilyradvancingt moveinlet for the continuous supply of liquid to for clarified liquid leading from the forwardqportion of the chamber and with an outlet I taking liquid and its contained solids from tinuously performed in a continuous bodilyadvancing movement of the chamber/ I 3. Aseparator for the removal of solids from a liquid consisting of a chamber suitably mounted forcontinuous bodily sadvaucing from the'forward portionof the'chamber at or near its end rempte from the inlet for the discharge of clarified liquid.

' 4:. A separator for the removal of solids from oted at one end upon hollow trunnions suitably for continuous revolution in one direc-' tion, said chamber being'provided with an inlet leading froin'one ofthe trunnions for liquid -to be clarified, an outlet-at its outer end arranged to take-liquid and its contained solids from the rear portion only of the chamber, an outlet at the front side of its outer passage connecting said last-mentioned outlet with the h'ollow trunnion oppositethat connected with the inletreferred to;

5. Aseparato'rforthe removal of solids from mounted by being pivoted at one end upon hollow trunniens, said casing embracing two In a-conlongitudinal. chambers whiehcommnuicate the rear portion only of said chamber, whereby the operation or" clarification may be conend for the delivery of clarified liquid, and a:

a. liquid"consisti ng'of a casing revolubly tial action is that of a forced and artificial -its forward portion for the discharge of the.

ment, said chamber being provided with an be clarified to said chamber, with an'outlet movement, said chamber being provided with an inlet at one end,an outlet taking liquidand its contained solids from the rear portion only'of the chamber and an outlet leading a liquid consisting of an oblong chamber pivseverally with the interior of the several trn'nnions, and which communicate with each other by a passage leading from the. front part of the receiving-chamber near its outer end, and said receiving-chamber being pmvided with an outlet at its outer end adapted v to diseharge from the rear portion only of the receiving-chamber. l

6. A separator for the removal of solids from a liquid, consisting of a chamber suitably mounted for rapid bodily-advancing movement, said chamber having an inlet for liquid to be clarified, an outlet leading from its for- Ward portion for the discharge of clarified liquid and an outlet for liquid and solids 15 name to this specification in the presence of 2c two subscribing witnesses.

EMTL GATIIMANN.

"Witnesses:

A. C. SIALDING, Loms GATHMANN.