US717193A

US717193A - Surveyor's rod.

Info

Publication number: US717193A
Application number: US11202402A
Authority: US
Inventors: Garabed Geo Heghinian
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-06-17
Filing date: 1902-06-17
Publication date: 1902-12-30
Anticipated expiration: 1919-12-30

Description

' No. 717,193. Patentcd Dec. 3.0, I902. G. 'G. HEGHINIAN.

SURVEYORS BOD.

(Applicationflled June 17, 1902.)

2 Sheeta-$heet I,

(No Model.)

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v Patent edDac. 30, m2. 6. a. HEGHINIAN.

SURVEYURS ROD.

(Application filed June 17. 1902.]

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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UNrirD STATES PATENT O-nnrcn.

GARABED GEO. HEGHINIAN, OF WEST HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY.

SURVEYORS ROD.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Iatent No. 717,193, dated December 30, 1902.

Application filed June 17,1902. Serial No. 112,024. [No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GARABED GEORGE HEGHINIAN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at West I-Ioboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have i11- Vented certain new and useful Improvements in Surveyors Rods, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improvements'in surveyors rods; and the object of myinven tion is to provide a new and improved surveying-rod which is especially adapted for use in grading, contour-work, slope-stake setting, cross-section work, and the like on the field and greatly facilitates such work.

In the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference indicate like parts in all the views, Figure l is an isometric perspective view of my improved surveyors rod, parts being broken away. Fig. 2 is a Vertical longitudinal sectional view of the same, parts being broken away. Fig. 3 is a transverse horizontal sectional view. Fig. 4 is a face view of one side of the tape or band, parts being broken away. Fig. 5 is a face View of the other side of the tape, parts being broken away. Fig. 6 is a face view of the tape, showing the manner of shortening the same, parts being broken away. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing how my improved surveyors rod is used for grading and contour-work on the field. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing how my improved rod is used on the field for establishing the slopestakes of a fill. Fig. 9 is asimilar view showing the establishing of the slope-stakes of a cut. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view showing how my improved rod is used on the field in cross-sectioning earthwork for a cut. Fig. 11 is a similar view showing the same for a fill.

The surveyors rod A is telescopic and in general is of the conventional construction. It is composed of two L-shaped pieces mounted to slide on each other and is provided with suitable guides A and means for clamping the L-shaped pieces after adjustment, and it is provided on its front and back with graduated scales of feet and fractions thereof. It is provided with a target A, carrying a small level A and a Vernier A This hollow and telescopic rod can be lengthened,more or less, in the conventional manner. In the base B of the bottom section B a roller or pulley 13 is mounted, and a like roller or pulley B is mounted in the upper end of this bottom section. A roller or pulley C is mounted in the lower end of the upper section 0 and a larger pulley C is mounted in i the upper end of the upper section 0, said pulley 0 being mounted in a yoke 0 adapted to slide up and down in the upper end-of said upper section 0, and which yoke can be adjusted by means of a nut 0 screwed on a threaded stem 0 projecting from said yoke beyond the upper end of the upper section C. An endless band or tape D is passed around the several pulleys B B O (J in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the ends of said band being provided with eyes d, resembling the eyes on a door-hinge, so that one set can pass into the other and a pin passed through them for the purpose of uniting the ends of the tape, and thus making it endless. The tape can easily be removed from the rod or reapplied on the same, as necessitymay require. On one face this tapeis provided with agraduated scale of feet and fractions thereof, the graduations beginning at two points E and F,

at each of which points zero is located, and

said graduated scale of feet and fractions thereof extends from the said two zeros in opposite directions. Between the two zeros at E and F, which are separated a distance of thirteen feet, representing one-half of the largest normal railroad-bed, the graduations are numbered successively from one zero to the other. On the opposite face of the tape or band D the two zeros are provided coincident with those mentioned previously; but the subdivisions are not equal to one foot, but to one and a half feet, and these subdivisions are marked successively '1 1, 2, 3, 4, &c., the numbers extending from the two zerosin opposite directions and the space between the zeros being subdividedin like mannor and numbered successively 1, 2, 3,

One side of the rod A is providedwith a reduce the distance between the two zeros at E and F, and for this purpose the tape or band is looped U-shaped, as shown at G in Fig. 6, and slipped through a flattened ring H, and a spring-key J is passed through two holes I) in the tape or band D in the space between the two zeros of each graduation. After the tape or band has been passed around the pulleys, with the foot-scale side visible and its ends united in the manner described, it is drawn taut by the drawing up of the pulley O by means of the nut 0 The band or tape can be shifted on the rollers so as to show any desired number on the tape at the side of the rod.

The rod is used in the following manner: For grading an instrument or level K, Fig. 7, is'set, the tape is moved up and down until the zero at E would appear in the line of sight of the instrument if the rod was held vertically in a place where no out or fill is required, and then the numerals below the zero at E indicate the necessary cut and those above indicate the necessary fill. If the grade is fortyfive feet and the elevation at the point L, which is a bench-mark, is 43.8 feet, the line of sight will be at 1.2 above the zero at E, which indicates that a fill of 1.2 feet must be made. At M the line of sight of the instrument will meet the tape on the rod at 2 below the zero at E,'which indicates that a cut of two feet is required. At N the line of sight will meet the tape on the rod at 2.6 feet above the zero at E, and this indicates that a fill of 2.6 feet is necessary. In the same manner the appliance can be used for further grading.

If the difference between the grade and the bench-mark is greater than the length of the rod when extended to its extreme, then the difference is assumed to be ten or twenty feet less than it actually is, and the rod is set for this difference after the above deduction has been made, and afterward this sum of ten or twenty feet is added or subtracted from the rod-readings. In a similar manner the rod y can also be used for contour-work.

Fig. 8 also shows the use of the rod for establishing slope-stakes of fills on the field without the use of a level instrument. It is assumed that the base of the fill is fourteen feet and the slope as one and one-half to one and that the fill at the center is three feet. The object to be obtained is tofind the points 0 and P on the ground. The operator first detaches the tape from the rod and then conmeets the zero at F with that number on the tape on the foot-scale side between the two zeros E and F,representiugone-ha1f of the base of the bedin this case seven feet,as the bed is fourteen feet-and it is intended to make the distance between E and F equal to one-half the base of the bed. Fig. 6 shows clearly how the band is looped to decrease the effective distance between the zeros to seven feet. The tape D of my improved surveyors rod is then placed on the ground, so that the numeral 3 above F on that side of the tape having one and half foot graduations is at the center stake of the fillthat is, at the point Q, Fig. 8, and one man holds the tape in this position. Another man takes the rod in one hand, holding it vertically by aid of the level on the target and also vertically to the tape, which is held horizontally with the other hand, and this man moves the vertical rod toward and from the point Q until the numbers on the tape below E on the side having the one andone-half foot graduations and on the vertical rod agree at the point of intersection. This determines the point P. To find the point 0, the entire party shifts positions,so that the man with the rod is at the center point Q, Fig. 8. The other man holds the subdivision 3 above F on the ground and moves toward and from the point Q until the man at the center point Q reads the same number on the tape between E and F and on the face having the foot and a half graduations and on the rod at the point of intersection. When the same numbers appear at the intersection, the man at the left is holding the tape on the ground at the point 0. Both points 0 and P are thus established and located.

Fig. 9 illustrates how slope-stakes of a out are located on the ground for a railway roadbed without the use of a level instrument. Assume the base to be twenty-six feet and the slope one to one and the cut at the center stake five feet. The points 0 and P are to be found. As the distance between E and F on the tape is equal to thirteen feet, which is one-half of the base, no shortening of the tape between E and F is required. One man holds the subdivision 5 above F of the tape on the side having foot graduations over the center stake, and another man holds the rod vertical in one hand across the tape, which is held horizontally in the other and moves the vertical rod toward and from the center stake until the numeral on the rod and the numeral'of the tape on the face of foot graduations and between E and F are the same at the intersection. The base of the vertical rod shows the location of the point P. To find the point 0, the party moves. The man with IIO the rod comes and holds the rod on the center stake. numeral 5 on the ground moves toward and from the center stake until the man at the center reads the same number on the tape, on the face of foot graduations and below E, and on the rod at their intersection. Then the numeral 5, held on the ground, indicates the location of the point 0 on the ground.

Fig. 10 shows how the rod with the tape on is used for cross-sectioning for a cut. An instrument K is set. Then the rod is held at the center stake, and the tape on it is moved up and down until the numeral belowE and corresponding to the center cut is in the line of sight. Then the rod is held at the other points The other man holding the same 0 f g h i j and also at O" P, which were formed and staked as described in Fig. 9, and the distances from the center to those points are measured with the rod by laying it on the ground.

Fig. 11 shows the use of the rod for a fill, and in this case the numeral above E must be brought to the line of sight of the instrument instead of the numeral below E, the rest of the steps being the same as described for Fig. 10.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a hollow telescopic surveyors rod formed of two sliding sections, of a small pulley at the top and bottom of one section, a small pulley at the bottom of the other section, and a large pulley at the top of this second section, and an endless graduated tape passed over said pulleys, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a surveyors rod, of a tape-measure, having two zeros separated a greater or less distance from each other, the space between the zeros being divided into equal parts and the remainder of the tape divided, from each zero in opposite direction, also in equal parts, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a surveyors rod, of a tape-measure having two zeros a certain distance apart on two opposite faces of said tape, the positions of the zeros being coincident on the two faces of the tape, the space between the zeros on one face being divided into equal parts and the rest of the tape being divided into like equal parts numbered in opposite direction from the two zeros and the space between the two zeros on the other face of the tape being divided into equal parts each greater than the parts on the first-mentioned face and also extending from each zero in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

a. The combination with a surveyors rod, of a tape-measure having two zeros separated a certain distance, the space between the zeros being divided into equal parts and two holes formed at each subdivision, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with a surveyors rod,