US716403A - Apparatus for grinding and polishing metals. - Google Patents

Description

No. 716,403. v. Patented Dec. 23, |302.l

L. c.' runwon. APPARATUS FUR GRIKDING AND FO'LISHING METALS.

(Ap'pxication med oct. 14, 1901.) l Yup Medel.) s sheetae-sheeg l.

fffiff alf No.4 7|6,403. Patented Dsc. 23, |902.l

L. C. FBWOUD.

APPARATUS FUR GBINING AND PULISHINE METALS.

(Application filed. Oct. 14. 1901.) (No Mudei.) 3 Sheets-Shouf. 2.

me Nomus vzvsns co.. mcrrmuwo.. WASHINGTON. n4 c4 No. 7I6,403.

. Patnted Doc. 23, |902. L. (1. FORWODD. APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND PULISHING METALS.

(Application med oct. 14, 19'01.)

3 Shania-Sheet 3.

(No Modal.)

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LORN FORM/o 011. s3/@ llnirrnn Srarns PATENT OFFICE.

LORIN C. FORWOOD, OF LINCOLN, ILLINOIS.

APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING METALS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of- Letters Patent No. 716,403, dated December 23, 1902.

Application filed October 14,1901. Serial No. 78,553. (No model.)

To all whom z' may concern:

Be it known that I, LORIN O. FORWOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lincoln, in the county of Logan and State of Illinois, havev invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Grinding and Polishing Metals, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for grinding and polishing metals by means ofa sandblast.

The general purpose of my invention is to provide an apparatus so constructed and arranged that air-pressure of different degrees may be employed during the operation of grinding or polishing; and with this general purpose in view the more specific purposes of my invention are to provide an air-reservoir having compartments adapted to contain air under different degrees of pressure, the pressure in' any one of the compartments being subject to control without affecting the pressure in the other compartments; to provide a sand-receptacle of novel and improved form; to provide a mixing-valve of improved construction; to provide a valve of improved construction for controlling the discharge of sand through a nozzle; to provide a nozzle of novel and improved form; to provide means for automatically operating the nozzle-valve to provide a reducing-valve of novel and improved construction, and to provide means for removing from the sand the particles of metal abraded from the article operated upon.

With these ends in view my invention consists in the novel features of construction and combinations of parts shown in the annexed drawings, to which reference is hereby made and hereinafter particularly described, and nally recited in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of the main structure. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View of one of the reducing-valves. Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the nozzle and connected parts. Fig. et is an enlarged top plan of the nozzle and nozzle-valve. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a horizontal longitudinal section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is an enlarged end elevation of a modified form of the apparatus. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the cradle on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a transverse vertical section on the line l0 l0 of Fig. S. Fig. 1l is an enlarged side elevation of the modified form of valve shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional view of the mixing-valve.

Similar reference letters designate like parts in all of the views.

I have shown in the drawings and will hereinafter describe my invention as applied in the grinding and polishing of plows; but it may with equal advantage and without material modiiication be employed in the cutting, grinding, or polishing of other articles.

The air-reservoir A consists of a rectangular box divided into compartments by transverse partitions a. An air-supply pipe B, connected with any suitable source of air-supply, is connected with the compartments in the reservoir A by reducing-valves D, opening into the compartments, respectively. Asandbox E is supported on the reservoir A by standards a. The upper end of the box E is open, and transverse bars c fit in mortises c2 in the upper edges of the box and are-movable, so that they may be placed in convenient position for the work in hand. A partition e extends lengthwise above the box. A hood F is supported above the box E by rods f', connected with any suitable support. Exhaust-pipes f serve to convey away the dust formed during the operation of grinding or polishing. An air-pipe b opens into each of the compartments of the reservoir A, and the upper end of the pipe is connected with the mixing-valve K. A sand-pipe la is connected with the sand-box E, and the upper end of the pipe is connected with the valve K. A hose N (not shown) connects the valve K with the nozzle-valve G. The nozzle-base H is suitably secured to the valve G, and nozzleplates H are detachably connected with the base H. A lever G2 controls the supply of mixed sand and air passing through the nozzle. The reducing-valve D screws into a reinforcing-plate D4,secured on the inside of the reservoir A. A plug D may be turned so as to open or close the valve. Within the valve D is a plug D2, which seats on a conical seat d within the valve and has an upwardly-extending stem d. A coiled spring D3 surrounds ICO the stem d' and acts against a Washer d3 on the stem to lift the plug. Nuts C72 screw on the stem d', and the tension of the spring D8 may be adjusted by turning the nuts up or down, as occasion may require. The valve D is connected with the pipe B by any suitable connection, and air passes from the pipe through the valve into the reservoir. The air-pressure maintained in the main supply-pipe Bis al- Ways in excess of the greatest pressure required in any compartment of the air-reservoir. The pressure of air Within each compartment of the reservoir is controlled by adjusting the plug D2 to operate at the required pressure. For example, if it is desired to maintain in one compartment a pressure of sixty pounds, in another a pressure of forty pounds, and in another a pressure of twenty pounds the springs D8 of the valves opening into the compartments, respectively, will be adjusted by means of the nuts 072, so that the spring will react to close the valve when the pressure in one compartment exceeds sixty pounds, to close the valve in another compartment when the pressure exceeds forty pounds, and to close the valve opening into another compartment when the pressure eX- ceeds twenty pounds. y

It will be seen then that variable degrees of pressure may be maintained Within the respective compartments, or the same pressure may be maintained within all of the compartments. The nozzle and its connections are preferably mounted on a frame J, which has a handle J', by means of which the frame and its connections may be manipulated.

In practical use the frame J is placed on top of the article to be operated upon, and the nozzle being set at the proper angle the frame is moved to and fro, so as to subject to the action of the sand-blast the entire surface to be operated upon. A bracket J2 extends upwardly from the handle J', and a trunnion g on the valve G fits and turns in a hole in the upper end of the bracket. Aplug G', pierced by a hole g', turns in the Valve-body and has a stem g2 projecting through the valve-body. Alever G2 is secured to the stem g2. A spring G3,surrounding the valve-stem, is compressed when the handle G2 is turned to open the valve and reacts to close the valve. The nozzle-base H is secured to the valve G by a coupling G4 and has an integral extension 72 on which the nozzle-plates H are supported. The clamp H2 surrounds the plates H and the extension 7L and clamps the plates on the extension. The clamp H2 consists of two members h2, joined by a hinge h3. A bolt 71,4 passes through the upper member h2 and screws into the lower member h2. By turning the bolt the members may be drawn together, so as to clamp the plates, as above set forth.

The mixing-valve K has two members 7c and k2, joined by a union 7c3. The air-pipe?) screws into the member 7a', and the sand-pipe 7cscrews into the member 7a2. A cock 709 turns in the member 7c and has a stem k7, passing through a plug 706 and having at its outer end a hand-wheel 705, by which the valve may be operated. A pin 7011 holds the plug 706 in place. A nozzle 764 screws into the end of the union 7c3 and passes through the member 7a2 into a pipe 708, which screws into the member 702. The cock 799 has a way 7010, through which air is admitted into the valve.

-The operation of the valve is as follows: The cock 769 is turned so as to admit air through the part 7c and through the nozzle 7a4. The air escaping through the nozzle produces a vacuum in the chamber of the part 7a2, which causes sand to rise through the pipe 7c and pass into the pipe ks, whence it is driven forward by the air-pressure behind it.

In the preferable form of my apparatus I employthe nozzle and attachments shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the drawings.

'With slight modifications, which I will now describe, the nozzle-valve may be adapted to operate automatically.

In the modified form of my apparatus I employ a cradle M, one end of which is connected with a rope m or equivalent supporting device, so that the cradle may swing freely. Handles m serve to manipulate the cradle. The bottom of the cradle is slotted or perforated, and beneath the slotted bottom is a box adapted to contain sand. A hood m2 curves upwardly from the inner end of the cradle and prevents the sand from being blown out of the cradle at the end, and side boards m8 prevent sand from being blown, sidewise from the cradle. The nozzle and attachments employed with the cradle are the same as those already described, except that the extremity ICO of the nozzle is turned downward, as shown in Fig. 11, and other slight modifications in the means for operating the lever G2, as hereinafter set forth. On one side of the valve G are eyes g3, in which a rod g4 slides. A little roller g5 is mounted to turn in the lower end of the rod g4. A rod g6 connects the rod g4 with t-he lever G2, and the lever G2 is connected with the valve-stem g2 in such manner that when the rod g4 is raised it will raise the lever G2, so as to open the valve, and when the rod descends the valve will close automatically. In the practical use of this modified form of the apparatus the article to be operated upon is placed in the cradle in such position that when the cradle is raised the roller g5 will engage with the surface to be operated upon, and the quantity of sand to be employed in operating upon the article may be effectively controlled by raising or IIO lowering the cradle, so as to open or close the valve to such extent as may be most advantageous for the operation in hand. Under the hood m2 is a transverse rod m4, upon which is supported a series of horseshoe-magnets m5. The magnets m5 serve to attract particles of metal in the sand and prevent them from falling down into the sand-box. This feature is of practical advantage, because it is desirable to separate the metallic particles from the sand, for the reason that any considerable accumulation of the metal in the sand impairs the cutting quality of the sand. The magnets m5 may be removed for cleansing by withdrawing the rod m4.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The article to be operated upon is placed on the table E. The valve D is then adjusted to give the desired air-pressure in the compartment of the reservoir from Which the air is to be taken. The valve K is then opened to admit sand and air into the mixing-valve. The operator then takes the handle J in his hand and places the frame J in position to operate on the article. l-Ie then seizes the lever G2 with the same hand that holds the handle J and draws the lever toward the handle, so as to open the valve. He then moves the frame J to and fro over the surface to be operated upon and by opening the valve to a greater or less extent controls the supply of sand acting on the surface.

The operation of the modified form shown in Figs. 7 and S is the same, except that the article to be operated upon is placed on the cradle, and the cradle is manipulated to control the iow of sand 'through the nozzle, as already explained.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination. of an air-reservoir, an airpipe connected With a source of air-supply, a red ucing-valve connecting said pipe With said reservoir, a sand-box contiguous to said reservoir,a mixing-valve contiguous to said sandboX, pipes connecting said mixing-valve with said reservoir and said sand-box, a nozzlevalve in connection with said mixing-Valve and a nozzle in connection With said nozzlevalve as set forth.

2. In a reducing-valve, the combination of a body portion D, a pluguD and a plug D2, seated in said body portion and having a stem CZ, a Washer d3 on said stem, and a spring D3 acting against said Washer, as set forth.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame J, ahandle J and a bracket J 2, with a valve having a trunnion turning in said bracket and a lever for operating said valve by the same hand that holds the handle, as set forth.

4. A mixing-Valve, for apparatus of the class described, consisting of members 7c and 7a2 connected by a union, a nozzle connected to said union Within the member 702 and apipe connected with the member k2, in combination With an air-reservoir, a pipe connecting said reservoir With said member k', a sandbox, and a pipe connecting said sand-box With said member 7a2, as set forth.

5. In a mixing-valve for an apparatus of the class described the combination of mem- I bers 7o and 7a2, a union joining said members, a nozzle screwing into said union, a cock turning in the member 7c', a plug fitting in the member lr and means for securing said plug, as set forth.

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame J, handle J', a bracket J2, a valve-body having a trunnion turning in said bracket, a plug fitting in said valve-body, a lever adapted to turn said plug to open the valve and a spring reacting to turn the plug to close the valve, as set forth.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name, at Lincoln, Illinois, this 14th day of August, 1901.

LORIN C. FORWOOD.

'Witnessesz ROBERT CAMPBELL, Gus PHELAN.

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