US714653A - Incubator. - Google Patents

Description

No.' 7|4,s53'; A Patented Dec. 2,1902.

C..E. ADAIR.

INGUBATOR.4 A ,(Appucncion med (Tune 9, 1902. ma Model.) A #vz-.shers-sheef L fa* The News wrrzns co, vnumumn. wAsmNurnufu. c.

. Patfmtdl Dec. 2, |902'.

0. E. ADAIR.

INGUBATOB. l (Application -led June 9, 190245,) .um Model.)

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CHARLS E. ADAIR, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO EVAN J. JONES AND WILLIAM E. JONES, CONSTITUTING THE FIRM OF EVAN J. JONES da CO., OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

INCUBATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming* part Of Letters Patent NO. 714,653, dated December 2, 1902.

` Application led June 9, 1902. Serial No. 110,922. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. ADAIR, a citizen of the United States,residing at Columbus, in the'county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful` Improvements in Incubators, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadtherein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has for its object to provide an incubator of such construction that the heat will be evenly distributed therein, so that all portions of the egg-chamber will be of uniform temperature as nearly as possible, as also to provide means whereby a proper supply of warm fresh air may be evenly introduced into the egg-chamber, so that all parts thereof will be properly ventilated at all times.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on line 1 1, Fig. 3, of my improved incubator. Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the same on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 3 3, Fig. 1, looking down. Fig. 4t is a detail perspective view of the radiator, showing also the bottom wall of the fresh-air chamber surrounding the same.

Referring to the drawings, 12 denotes the casing of the incubator, preferably having double walls, as usual, to form a dead-air space 13 between them, the casing of the incubator beingpreferably supported on legs 14:. The apparatus is provided at one end with a heating-chamber 15, which is to be warmed by any suitable device, as by a lamp 16,the escape-flue 17 of the said heating-chamber being preferably governed by a damper 1S, controlled by any suitable thermostatic` regulating device, as 19.

In the upper portion of the incubator is located a secondary heating chamber 20, in which is a pipe 21, communicating with the primary heating-chamber 15, said pipe 21 extending nearly the entire length of the said secondary heating-chamber, so as to Vdischarge the hot air and products of combustion into the end of the said heating-chamber farthest from the primary heating-chamber. The secondary heating-chamber is provided near its 5o end farthest from that into which the hot-air pipe 21 discharges with outlet-fines 22, so that the hot air and products of combustion from the primary heating-chamber 15 will enter the secondary heating chamber 20 through the said pipe 21 and after circulating through said chamber will be discharged therefrom through the ues 22.

` Surrounding the secondary heating-chamber 20, which serves as a radiator, is a freshair chamber 23, into which fresh ,air`- inlet pipes 24: discharge. The said freshfair-inlet pipes 24C are arranged contiguous to the primary heating-chamber 15, so that they will be warmed by conduction and radiation, and will therefore warm the fresh airV entering therein, and thus induce an upward current of fresh air through the said pipes into the said fresh-air chamber 23. The bottom wall of the fresh-air chamber 23, it will be noticed, is formed by horizontal extensions of the bottom wall of the hot-air chamber or drum 20, these extensions resting upon suitable ledges on the wall of the incubator-chamber, so that when the hot-air chamber 2O is in position the said horizontal extensions form with the inner walls of the incubator a continuous fresh-air chamber or jacket surrounding and heated by the hot-air chamber 20. The said horizontal extensions are pro,h vided throughout with numerous small openings or perforations communicating with the egg-chamber 25 below and in which egg-chamber will be located the egg tray or trays 26,

having perforated orforaminous bottoms of `wire`or any other suitable open-work to permit a free'circulation of air downward through the said egg-chamber into the foul-air chamber 27 underneath. The foul-air chamber 27 communicates by an opening or openings with`a discharge-chamber 29, provided at its top with asuitable opening or openings 30 for the escape of foul air from the incubator.

From the foregoing it willbe observed'that the fresh-air chamber 23, surrounding the secondary heating-chamber or radiator 20, aifords a jacket encompassing the said secondary heating-chamber or radiator, so that fresh air entering the saidchamber23 may be evenly warmed by radiationfrom the said secondary heating-chamber, while the nu- IOO merous distributed or separated perforations or outlets from the bottom of the said airjacket or fresh-air chamber and which communicate with theegg-chamber below will provide for an even distribution of warm fresh air from the said fresh-air chamber to the said air-chamber such as will insure an even temperature throughout the egg-chamber as well -as an even and thorough ventilation of the same. By locating the fresh-air chamber 23 contiguous to the edges only of the hot-air chamber 2O the said hot-air chamber and the egg-chamber 25 beneath it are adjacent,with nothing intervening except the bottom wallof the said hot-air chamber. The result of this arrangement is that the radiation of heat from the hot-air chamber 2O is directly into the egg-chamber 25 and the temperature of the egg-chamber can be more equably maintained than is the case where the fresh-air chamber with its inflowing currents of cool air is interposed between the hot-air chamber and the egg-chamber, as in some constructionswith which I am familiar.

My invention is not to be understood as being limited to the details of construction herein shown, as these may be varied widely within the limits of mechanical skill without departing from the essential feature of the invention, which provides a fresh-air chamber surrounding the radiator or heating-chamber of the incubator and which fresh-air chamber communicates throughout its length .with the air-chamber of the incubator by means of numerous distributed perforations or openings with which the bottom Wall of the said fresh-air chamber is provided.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In an incubator, the combination with an egg-chamber having a foul-air exit, of a hot-air chamber directly over and adjacent said egg-chamber so as to radiate heat directly thereinto, supply and exit vpipes for said hot-air chamber, a continuous fresh-air chamber contiguous to the edges only of said hot-air chamber so as to form an edge-surrounding jacket therefor,said fresh-air chamber having its bottom wall perforated at intervals with numerous distributing-apertures opening into the said egg-chamber and distributing fresh, warmed air evenly throughout the same, and fresh-air inlets for said continuous fresh-air chamber. a v

2. In an incubator; the combination with an egg-chamber; of a hot-air chamber above said egg-chamber, the bottom wall of said hotair chamber being extended horizontally bevond the vertical side walls thereof so as to form, with the incubator-walls, a continuous air chamber or jacket surrounding and heated by said hot-air chamber; the said bottom- Wall extensions having numerous distributed perforations delivering into the egg-chamber hot-air supply and exit pipes forsaid hot-air chamber, and fresh-air-supply pipes for said continuous air-chamber.

3. A heating chamber or drum for incubators having its bottom wall'extended beyond its vertical side walls, said bottom-wall extensions being provided at intervals with perforations.

4. In an incubator, the combination with an egg-chamber having a foul-air exit, of a primary heating-chamber located at one end of the incubator, a secondary heating-chamber or radiator located in the upper portion of the incubator and communicating with the said primary heating-chamber by a pipe which discharges into the said secondary heatingchamber at or near the end thereof farthest removed from said primary heating-chamber, said secondary heating-chamber being directly over and adjacent said egg-chamber so as to radiate heat directly thereinto, discharge-fines from said secondary heatingchamber to the open air, a continuous freshair chamber contiguous to the edges only of said secondary heating-chamber and forming an edge-inclosing jacket therefor, said freshair chamber having its bottom wall provided with perforations or openings forming numerous distributed points of comm unication with said egg-chamberwhereby the fresh warmed air is distributed evenly throughout said eggchamber, and vertical fresh-air pipes opening at their tops into said fresh-air chamber and disposed adjacent the said primary heatingchamber, so as to be heated therefrom.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. ADAIR.

Witnesses:

J. W. MooNEY, A. N. J oNEs.

IOO

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