US710381A - Balancing device for turbine-gates. - Google Patents

Description

No, 7|u,3af. Patented sept. so, 1902.

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VBALANGING DEVICE FOB TUBBINE GATES.

Y (Application md June 15, 1901.) Kuo model.) 2 sheets-snm l,

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Patented Sept. 30, 1902.

W. W. TYLER.

BALANCING DEVICE FOB TURBINE GATES.

(Application led June 15, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

/N VEN TOI? m S E m W UNiTED STATES ATENT Finca.

VILLIAM NV. TYLER,- OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

BALANCING DEVICE FOR TURBINE-GATES.

SPECIFICATION forming part f Application filed June 15.1901.

T0 [IJ/Z whom, if may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM W. TYLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of York, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Balancing Devices for Turbine-Gates, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates 1o turbines having a cylindrical gate for controlling the inlet of the water to the wheel or runner.

The object of the invention is to provide certain new and useful improvements in balancin g devices for turbine-gates whereby the gate is completely balanced at any stage of its opening, so that the pressure of the water neither tends to open or close the gate, and hence the latter can be easily opened or closed by the attendant.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation showing one-half of the water-wheel provided with thel improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the gate with the chutes in section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the improvement. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the same on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a similar view of the same on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3.

The turbine wheel casing is of suitable construction and consists, essentially, of a cover A, extending over a chute-frame B, carried by a central draft-tube O, and in the said casing is arranged the water-wheel or runner D, secured on a shaft E, stepped in a shoe E', supported centrally by a spider E2 from the draft-tube C. The chute-frame B consists, essentially, of the upper ring B', the bottom ring B2, and the connecting-bars B3, connectingthe rings with each other and forming the main chutes for directing the water against the buckets of the water-wheel or runner D.

A cylinder-gate F is arranged exteriorly of the central draft-tube O, and on the upper end of this cylinder-gate are formed inwardly- Letters Patent No. 710,381, dated September 30, 1902.

Serial No. 64,692. (No model.)

extending Wings F', reaching between adjacent' bars BS of the chute-frame B, as is plainly indicated in Figs. l and 2, the said wings forming the bottom ofthe waterway leading to the wheel or runner D no matter whether the gate is raised or lowered or is in an intermediate position.

The gate F is hung on upwardly-extending rods G, one only being shown, and on each rod G is secured a rack H,in mesh with a pinion H', secured on a shaft I, journaled in suitable bearings arranged on brackets I', secured to the top or cover A of the turbinewheel casing. A bevel gear-wheel I2 is secured on the shaft I and is in mesh with a pinion` I3, fastened to the lower end of the vertically-disposed shaft I4, journaled in suitable bearings carried by the brackets I', as indicated in Fig. 5, the said shaft I4 being under the control of the operator, so that on turning the shaft I4 a rotary motion is given to the shaft I by the pinion I3 and gear-wheel I2, and the motion given to the shaftI causes the pinion H' to move the rack H,and withit the gate F, up or down, according to the direction in which the shaft I'1 is turned by the operator. A pulley G2 is journaled on a stud G3, carried by the bracket I', and this pulley is in engagement with the back of the rack H, so that the latter is at all times held in proper mesh with the pinion H'. (See Figs. 3 and 4.) The pulley G2 is grooved to clear the offsets G' and the rod G.

The rack H is hung by a pivot J' on an arm .I extending from the stem K' of a piston K, mounted to slide in a cylinder L, preferably concentric tothe shaft E, and supported onl the tubular extension A' of the cover A, through which tubular extension passes the shaft E, as indicated in Fig. 1. The lower end of the cylinder L is open, while the top thereof is closed, and the upper end of this cylinder is connected by a pipe N with the chamber into which the water is discharged from the main chute, so that the pressure perl unit of area'in the cylinder and against the piston is substantially the same as that of the chamber inside the said chute. As indicated in Fig. 1, the pipe N opens into the chamber through the ring B', the inlet-opening being between the upper ends of two bars B3, as will be readily understoodby reference to Fig. 2.

I do not limit myself to the particular loca- IOO tion of the cylinder L and its piston, as described and shown, as it is evident that the Working parts may be otherwise located or arranged to accomplish the desired result.

A balanced gate is had if the total pressure above the wings equals the total pressure below them. The pressure per inch above the wings varies from that due the full head at the entrance to the stationary chutes to that of the full head less the head due the velocity with which the Water is discharged from those chutes. The pressure per inch below the wings is the same as at the discharge from the chutes and equal to the least pressure above the Wings. In order to make the total pressure below the Wings which tends to close the gate equal to that above the wings which tends to open it, the cylinder and piston are added. When the piston is thin and on the same level as the wings, the pressure per inch above the piston is the same as that below the Wings. The pressure per inch below the piston would then be that due the full'head. Thus let H equal head at outer edge of Wings F', 7L equal head at inner edge of wings F', equal average head upon wings F', A equal area of wings F, K equal area of piston K, L equal height of top of cylinder L, l equal height of bottom of cylinder L, H l equal head beneath piston K, 7L l equal head on top of piston K. Then the gate will be in equilibrium when If the piston K is on a level with the wings F', then l equals O and the pressure orheads lupon the two sides of piston K become the same as those upon the top of the wings K at the outer edge and the bottom thereof. If no cylinder and piston were added, the pressure per inch above the wings at the inlet of the chute is so much greater than that below the wings that the gate would have a tendency to open. If the area of the piston was equal to the area of the Wings, the pressure per inch below the piston would be so much greater than the average pressure above the wings that the gate would have a tendency to close. The perfect balance will be Obtained when the area of the piston is such that the sum of the pressure per inch at the discharge from the chutes multiplied into the area of the piston added to the pressure per inch of the Whole head multiplied into the area of the wings less the area of the piston equals the pressure above the gate. The area required by the piston is found by trial to be essentially half the area of the Wings, but is so affected by the form of the chutes and of their contraction that the best proportion of the area of the piston to that of the wings can only be learned by experiment. If the water-wheel be so constructed that the piston is placed above or below the wings, the principles of the balance are unchanged, for whatever is added to or subtracted from the pressure per inch on one side of the piston is also added to or subtracted from the other and the difference between the two pressures is unchanged, and hence the gate is equally well balanced at any position of the piston.

Neither do I limit myself to the use of a single cylinder and its piston, but reserve the right to use two or more cylinders and pistons whose total area would be equal to the cylinder described here and of which both or all would be connected with the chamber below the wings of the gate by tubes, as already described, and which shall also be attached to the gate, so as to help balance the pressure of water above the wings, and which would be located in any convenient place for accomplishing the above purpose.

Y Having thus Adescribed my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A turbine water-wheel havinga cylindergate provided with wings, a cylinder and a piston therein connected with the gate, the under side of the piston being exposed to the pressure of the whole fall of water, and the pressure on the top of the piston being that of the pressure of the water below the wings inside of the gate,'as set forth.

2. A turbine water-Wheel havinga cylindergate provided with wings, a cylinder, and a piston therein connected with the said gate, the area of the piston being su bstantially onehalf of the area of the gate-Wings upon which the pressure is exerted, the said cylinder being opened at the bottom, and a pipe connecting the closed top of the. cylinder with a water-chamber inside of the gate, as set forth.

3. A turbine water wheel having main chutes, a runner against which the water is directed by the main chutes, a .cylinder-gate having wings extending between the bars forming the main chutes, a cylinder connected at its closed top with the main chutes between adjacent bars at the top thereof, and a piston in the cylinder and carrying the said gate, as lset forth.

4. A turbine water wheel having main chutes, a runner against which the water is directed by the main chutes, a cylinder-gate having wings extending between the bars forming the main chutes, a cylinder connected at its closed top with the main chutes between adjacent bars at the top thereof, and a piston in the cylinder and carrying the said gate, and means for raising or lowering the said gate independently of the said cylinder and piston, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM W. TYLER.

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