US699340A

US699340A - Railway-car.

Info

Publication number: US699340A
Application number: US7398801A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry Mcloughlin
Original assignee: BARTON E KINGMAN
Current assignee: BARTON E KINGMAN
Priority date: 1901-08-31
Filing date: 1901-08-31
Publication date: 1902-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 1919-05-06

Description

Patented May 6, |902.

H. MCLUGHUN.

BMLWAY CAR.

(AppHca/ionjhad Aug. 31, 1901.

4 Sheots-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

No. 699,340. y Patented May 6, |902. H. MGLUGHLIN.

RAILWAY CAB.

(Applcatnn led Aug. 31, 1901.) (No Model.) '4 sheets-sheet 2.

fj if y? f/f @y ff\ l0 J. f if '4 I. 56,0 i0

L o olv 6r y a M d e t n B t a P N.. um nuw UV. 0A LW GL MM .R H nw 4. 3, 0J 9 0U nw N (Application filed Aug. 31, 1901.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(N0 Model.)

Iwwenzm Patented May 6, |902.

- H. McLouGHLlN.

RAILWAY CAR.

(Application tiled Aug. 31, 1901.)

4 Sheers-Sheet 4.l

WL W@ (No ModeL) a L W ,y @n x W M- 4...@ m N4 W DQ A. Mum, .wv l 4 il! QN nirrn *raras-Parar rricn.

HARRY MGLOUGI'ILIN, OF` STAPLETON, NENV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BARTON E. KIN( fllll'fiN;V OF NEW YORK,"`N. Y.

RAILWAY-CAR.

SPECFIGATION forming par@ Of Letters Patent N0. 699,340, dated May 6, 1902. Application filed August 31,1901. Serial No.731988. (No model.)

T @u M7007 7710/?! UWVU: the sills; and Fig. ll is a similar View show`- Beit known that I, HARRY MCLOUGHLIN, a ing the means for connecting the upper ends citizen of the United States, residing at Staf of the standards, roof-beams, and the upper pleton, Staten Island, in the county of Richsectional tubes. Fig.l2 is a bottom plan view mond and State of New York, have invented of the car-bottom, illustrating additional 55 new and useful Improvements in Railwaymeans for imparting stiffness and strength to Cars, of which the following is a specification. the framing.

This invention relates to railway-cars, and Inconstructing my improved car I irst conespecially to that class of cars the frames of struct a metallic tubular frame of the general 1o the bodies of which consist of metallic tubushape of the body of the car and comprising 6o lar structures to which the sides and ends and vertical corner-posts and intermediate standthe roofand iioor of the car-bodyare fastened; ards and horizontal stringers, sills, and conand it has for its object to construct a car of nected tubular sections or sectional stringere, the character referred to in such novel manand to such frame I rigidly attach the side ner as to combine strength, durability, and and end panels and the roofing and flooring. 65 safety with reduction in weightot the car and In the drawings I have shown by way of the cost of its manufacture. example a railway passenger-car; but it will It also has for its object to so construct the be obvious that the same principles and feacar that the rivets, bolts, or other fastenings tures of construction may be employed in conzo employed to secure the parts together will be structing express, mail, baggage, freight, and 7o wholly concealed from view and a rich, handvarious different kinds or types of cars. some, and iinished appearance imparted to Referring to the drawings, the numeral l the car. indicates the cornerposts of the frame; 2, the

To these ends my invention consists in the posts of the door-frames; 3 and 4, the horifeatures and in the construction,combination, zontal stringers; 5, the standards or uprights; 75 and arrangement of parts hereinafter de- G and 7, the tubular sectional stringers; S, the scribed, and particularly pointed out in the longitudinal sills; 9, the transverse end sills; claims following the description, reference 75, the panels forming the sides and ends of being had to the accompanying drawings, the car-body, and 1l and l2, respectively, the

3o formingapart of this specificatiomwhereinflooring and roof of the car. 8o

Figure l is a view in side elevation of my` The base or bottom of the car consists of the improved car. Fig. 2 is a View in end elevalongitudinal sills 8 and the transverse end tion thereof, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a top sills 9, each consisting of a tube of steel or plan View illustrating one of the corner-brackother suitable metal pressed, rolled, or drawn etsforcouplingtogethertwoadjacentsideand into the shape in cross-section most clearly 85 end tubular sections. Figetisasimilarview shown in `Fig. 2 of the drawings, whereby showing one of the corner-brackets for coupeach of said tubes has two straight and iiat ling together the ends of the side and end sills. faces 13 and 14E, disposed at a right angle to Fig. 5 isadetailhorizontalsectionalviewilluseach other, and an inner and under concavetrating one ofthe corner-posts,stringers, and convex wall 15. As shownmost clearly in 9o standards, and the panels riveted thereto. Fig. 2 of the drawings, the longitudinal sills Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of a portion are arranged parallel to one another at each of one of the stringers. Fig. 7 is'a similar side of the bottom of the car-body, the faces view of a portion of one of the corner-posts. 13 being disposed horizontally and the faces Fig. S is a detail perspective view showing the 14 being arranged vertically and outermost, 95 manner of connecting the cornerposts and the concavo-convex walls l5 being disposed side and end sills. Fig. 9 is a detail perspecinwardly or toward one another. The transtive view of a portion of one of the standards. verse sills 9 are arranged at right angles to Fig. lO isa similar View of one of the braclcthe ends of the side sills and consist of tubes 5o ets employed lor securing the standards to constructed precisely like the tubes S. The icc side and end sills are connected together at their ends by corner-brackets constructed as follows:

Referring to Fig. 4, the numeral 1G indicates the body of the bracket, consisting of a casting, or it may be of pressed metal having the general shape of a bend or elbow, the members of which are disposed at a right angle to one another and having intermediate rounded corners 17 ,the said elbow corresponding in shape in cross-section to the cross-sectional shape of the sills. Each of the members of the elbow is provided with an integral projecting tenon 1S, thatis of the same shape in cross-section as the sills and of such size as to be inserted and fit in the end of the adjacent hollow tube or sill S or 9,Y as the case may be. The brackets are arranged at the corners or meeting ends of the side and end sills, the tenons fitting in the ends of the sills and rigidly fastened therein in any suitable manner-as, for example, by riveting, as indicated at 19. Formed integrally with the elbow or bracket 16 and projecting horizontally inward from the inner angle of the same is a lug or shelf 20, having a 'flat upper face 2l lying in the same horizontal plane with the upper fiat face 13 of the bracket, and said lug or shelf is perforated, as at 2l', for the purpose presently made apparent. As shown most clearly in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings, the body 16 of the bracket is provided with shoulders 22, and when the tenons 18 are tted in the ends ofthe

sills

8 and 9 the outer faces of said body lie iinsh with and form a continuation of the outer faces of the said sills.

The corner-posts 1 each consist of a tube of steel or other suitable metal pressed, rolled, or drawn into the shape in cross-section most clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings,where by said tube has two dat straight Vertical outer sides or faces 23, united by a rounded intermediate portion or corner 24 and an inner concavo-convex wall 25, terminating at its ends in fiat or straight portions 2G, the ends of the flat outer portions 23 being` rounded, as at 27, till they meet or join the flat ends 2G of the inner concavo-convex wall 25.

The corner-posts 1 are arranged vertically above the four corners or corner-brackets of the sills and are attached to the latter by brackets, constructed as follows: The 11umeral 28 indicates a bend or elbow consisting of two members disposed at a right angle to one another and united by a rounded intermediate portion or corner 29, the ends of the two members terminating in tenons 30. Projecting horizontally and inwardly from the inner angle of the elbow is a lug or foot 31, having a fiat under side and provided with perforations 32. Formed on the upper side of the elbow 28 is a vertical tenon 33, having the same shape in cross-section and adapted to iit within the lower endvof the corner-post 1, to which it is rigidly secured by any suitable fastenings-as, for example, by rivets 34.

The

brackets

16 and 28 are cast or pressed hollow for the sake of strength and lightness, and the brackets 28 rest on the brackets 16 and are rigidly secured to the latter by rivets 35, which pass through the perforations in the lugs 2O and feet 3l. The body of each bracket 2S is shouldered, as at 36, whereby the faces of the corner-post coincide or lie flush with the body of the bracket.

The horizontal stringers 3 and 4 each consist of a tube of steel or other suitable metal pressed, rolled, or drawn into the shape in cross-section most clearly illustrated in Fig. G of the drawings, whereby said tube has a flat vertical inner face 39 and a convex, rounded, or bead-like outer face 40, constituting an ornamental molding. Said stringers eX- tend continuously along the sides and portions of the ends of the car, intermediate the top and bottom of. the latter, and at those points where the stringers extend around the corner-posts the inner portions of the tubes 3 and 4 are cut away or removed, as at 41, to form recesses for the reception of the cornerposts. The recesses 4l are of such size and shape that the corner-posts will neatly fit therein and completely fill said recesses, the outer faces or walls 40 of the Stringer-tubes being bent around and into close contact with the outer faces of the corner-posts and extend to the posts 2 of the door-frames in the ends of the car, to which they are rigidly fastened, as by riveting. In cutting the recesses 41 in the Stringer-tubes tongues 42 are left remaining on the ends of the top and bottom edges or walls of said tubes on each side of the recesses, and these tongues are bent at right angles to the tubes and are fastened to the corner-posts l by rivets 43. The stringertubes are provided on their inner fiat sides or faces 39 with apertures 43, and the inner concave sides 25 of the corner-posts are coi'- respondingly apertured, as at 44, said apertures being formed for the purpose of giving access to the interior of said tubes, so that the rivets may be inserted in place and rivetingtools introduced to rivet down the heads of the rivets.

Arranged at suitable and uniform intervals on each side of the car-frame between the corner-posts are intermediate upright standards 45, each consisting of a metallic tube pressed, rolled, or drawn into a shape in cross-section corresponding in shape to the Stringer-tubes, and the inner walls or sides of the latter are cut away or removed to form recesses 4G, said recesses being of a size and shape to permit the standards to lit therein or pass therethrough, the standards neatly fitting said recesses and completely filling them. The standards are fastened by rivets 47 to tongues 42, struck up from the Stringer-tubes in the manner before described, and are provided on their inner flat faces with apertures 48 to permit of the insertion of riveting-tools. As most clearly shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings, the inner fiat faces of the stringers and standards lie flush with one another, as do also the IOO inner fiat faces of the stringers and the flat ends of the curved inner walls 25 of the corner-posts for the purpose hereinafter made apparent. The upper and lower ends of the stan dards are connected together by sectional tubular stringers consisting of metallic tubes G and 7 of the same shape in cross-section as the stringers and standards, there being one such tubular section arranged between every two standards and between the end standards and corner-posts. The tubular sections G and the lower ends of the standards are connected together by brackets, the body 49 of each bracket being of the same shape and size in cross-section as the sectional tubes G and standards 45, the ends of the body terminating in tenons 50, shaped to fit in the ends of adjacent tubular sections 6, to which they are rigidly fastened by blazing, riveting, welding, or the like. On the upper side of each bracket 49 is formed a vertical tenon 5l, that fits in the lower end of the adjacent standard and is fastened therein in the same manner as the tenons 50. On the inner side of each bracket 49 is formed a horizontally and inwardly projecting lug or flange 52, having a fiat under side that rests on the upper iiat side 13 of the side sill and is rigidly fastened thereto by rivets 53, apertures 54 being formed in the concave inner walls l5 of the sills for the insertion of the riveting-tools. rllhe upper ends of the standards and the sectional tubes 7 are fastened together by brackets 55, provided at their ends with tenons 5G in manner similar to the brackets 49, before described, which fit into the ends of adjacent tubular sections 7, and said brackets are provided on their inner sides with tenons 57, that are bent or deflected slightly upward, as shown, to fit into the ends of the tubular roofbeams 58. The roof-beams 58 comprise metallic tubes of any suitable shape in cross-sec tion and slightly arched, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and extend inward from the upper ends of the standards to points intermediate the sides and longitudinal center of the car. Between the ends of each two adjacent tubes or beams 58 on either side of the car are disposed longitudinally tubular sections 59, consisting of metallic tubes pressed, rolled, or drawn into the shape best shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, whereby each of said tubular sections has two flat walls or faces 60, disposed at an angle to one another, and a curved inner wall or face G1. The ends of the tubes 59 and roof-beams 58 are rigidly fastened together bybrackets G2,provided with tenons 63, that iit into the inner ends of the roofbeams, and with oppositely-projecting tenons 64, that fit into the ends of the adjacent tubular sections 59. Said brackets are also provided with upwardly-projecting tenons 64, that lit into the lower ends of short tubular uprights 65. Between the upperends of the adjacent uprights U5 are disposed longitudinal tubular sections GG, each consisting of a metallic tube having two flat outer faces 67, disposed at anangle to one another, and an inner curved wall or face 68. The tubular sections 66 and uprights G5 are rigidly fastened together by brackets 69, having depending tenons 70, that fit in the upper ends of the uprights, laterally-projecting tenons 71, that fit in the ends of adjacent tubular sections 6G, and inwardly and slightly upwardly projecting tenons 72, that fit in the opposite ends of the upper central roof-beams 7 3, that consist of metallic tubes of any suitable shape in cross-section. f The tenons and ends of the several tubes above described are fastened together, as by riveting or in other suitable manner, and the faces of the tubes and connecting-brackets lie flush with one another, in the manner hereinbefore explained. The end roof-beams 58a are continuous and have suitably secured to them, as by riveting, brazing, or the like, the upper ends of the doorposts 2. The lower ends of the door-posts are secured to the inner adjacent ends of the tubular end sections C and to the end sills by brackets 74, similar in every respect to the brackets 49 before described, excepting that they are each provided with but one laterallyprojecting tenon 50. The lower ends of the door-posts fit over the vertical tenons 5l of the brackets 74, and the inner ends of the tubular sections 6a fit over the tenons 5l of said brackets. The feet or fianges 52 of the said brackets are riveted to the end sills in the same manner as the brackets 49. In all the tubes above referred to apertures are formed in their inner sides wherever they become necessary for the insertion of rivets or riveting-tools, as hereinbefore explained, and all the coupling-brackets are preferably made hollow for the sake of lightness and strength.

Against the inner flat walls or faces of the stringers, sectional tubes, and standards, and against the inner flat ends 27 of the cornerposts and the fiat inner sides of the door-posts are fitted panels 75, consisting of flat sheets of metal or other suitable material, which are riveted to the fiat sides of the several tubes by rivets 76,

apertures

44, 48, and 77 being cut in the inner sides of said tubes wherever necessary to insert the rivets or riveting-tools. Metallic tubular window-frames 78 are in like manner fitted and fastened to the stringers 3 and 4, and panels or transparent panes 79 aro also fitted between the upper ends ofthe standards (l and the stringers 3 and 'the upper sectional tubes 7. Roofing 8O is fastened to the roofing-tubes and beams, and flooring 8l is laid on and secured to the sillsi The bottom of the car is stiffened and IOO IIO

IZO

braced in the followinginanner: Extending centrally and longitudinally beneath the bottom of the car is a truss 82, consisting of a hollow tubular beam comprising an upper me# the latter is riveted a skeleton frame orplate 87.

, 85 are sockets'SS, in which are fitted and riveted or otherwise suitably fastened brace rods or tubes 89, the outer ends of said braces being fitted and fastened in sockets 90, riveted to the inner sides of the vertical faces I4 of the side sills, apertures 9i being formed in the inner concave Walls of said sills to permit of the insertion and fastening of the sockets and for the passage of the braces. Longitudinal tie rods or tubes 92 are attached to the side sills, the ends of said rods or tubes passing through eyes 93, secured to the under sides of the side sills and having screwed over said rods nuts 94, by which said rods or`` tubes may be strained. Stretchers or spreaders 95 are interposed between said rods or tubes and the bottom of the side sills and are bolted to the latter.

As an additional means for imparting stiffness and strength to the bottom framing of the car I employ braces 96, (see Fig. 12,) each consisting of a metallic T-beam, said braces being arranged in alined pairs, as shown, the inner or adjacent ends of said beams being rigidly fastened to the truss 82 by angle-brackets 97, riveted to the sides of previously described for securing in place the rods or tubes 89. The said T- beams are arranged at points Where the Wheel-trucks are in practice attached to the car and Where the supports 93 for the tie-rods are secured for the purpose of giving additional strength and rigidity to the bottom frame of the car.

By means of my invention I am enabled to construct the frame and body of the car e'ntirely of metal, vthe frame being tubular throughout. A car thus constructed possesses great strength and at the sameis lighter than a Wooden car, cannot be telescoped, avoids the danger from splinters and fire in case of accident, presents a rich, finished, and ornamental appearance, and can be manufactured at a relatively small cost. As stated in the first part of the specification, I do not limit myself to the construction of passengercars alone, the invention being equally applicable to the construction of various other types of cars. y

Having described my invention, what I claim is- I. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic tubular cornerposts and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubular stringers being recessed on their inner sides to fit the corner-posts and bent around the latter, substantially as described.

2. A frame for railway-cars, comprising Riveted to the outer sides of the plates i vertical metallic tubular corner-posts and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubular stringers being recessed on their inner sides to fit the corner-posts and bent around the outer faces of the latter, the corner-posts and stringers being riveted together, substantially as described.

3. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic tubular corner-posts and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubular stringers being recessed on their inner sides to fit the corner-posts and bent around the outer faces of the latter, the corner-posts and stringers being riveted together, and the inner sides of the said corner-posts being apertured on their inner sides for the insertion of riveting-tools, substantially as described.

4. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic tubular corner posts and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubular stringers being recessed on their inner sides to fit the corner-posts and bent around the outer faces of the latter, the ends of the recessed portions of the stringers being provided With tongues or flanges struck up from the Walls of the stringers and riveted to the corner-posts, said corner-posts being apertured on their inner sides for the insertion of riveting-tools, substantially as described.

5. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical corner-posts consisting of metallic tubes each having tWo outer fiat faces disposed at a right angle to one another and united by a rounded corner, and an inner concavo-convex wall having fiat edge portions, the edges of the fiat outer faces being rounded and joined to the fiat edge portions of the inner Wall, and horizontal stringers consisting of metallic tubes having inner flat faces and outer rounded faces, the inner sides of the stringers being recessed to fit the corvner-posts and bent around the outer faces of the latter, and said strin gers and corner-posts being riveted together, substantially as described.

6. A frame for railWaycars, comprising vertical metallic tubular corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards, and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubular stringers being recessed on their inner sides to tit the corner-posts and standards and riveted to said corner-posts and standards, substantially as described.

7. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic tubular corner-posts, intermediate metallio tubular standards, and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubular stringers being recessed on their inner sides to fit the corner-posts and standards and riveted to said corner-posts and standards,the inner sides of the corner-posts and standards being apertured for the insertion of rivetingtools, substantially as described.

8. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic tubular corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards, and horizontal metallic tubular stringers recessed on ICC IIO

eeelio their inner sides to lit the corner-posts and standards, the ends of the recessed portions of the stringers being provided with integral apertured on their inner sides for the insertion of riveting-tools, substantially as described.

9. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic tubular corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards, and horizontal metallic tubular stringers recessed on their inner sides to tit the corner-posts and standards and riveted to said corner-posts and standards,and tubular sections fitted between the ends of adjacent standards and fastened to the latter, substantially as described.

l0. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards, and horizontal metallic tubular stringers,said standards and stringers consisting of metallic tubes each having aat inner face or wall and a rounded. outer face or wall,the strin gers being recessed on their inner sides to fit the standards and corner-posts and riveted thereto, the flat sides of the stringers and standards lying flush with one another, substantially as described.

ll. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards,and horizontal metallic tubular stringers, said tubes being provided with fiat inner portions lying flush with one another and riveted together, and panels tted against said flat portions of the corner` posts, standards and stringers and riveted thereto, substantially as described.

12. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards, horizontal metallic tubular stringers, and tubular sections fitted between the ends of the standards, said stringers being recessed on their inner sides to t the standards and corner-posts and riveted thereto, said tubes having flat inner portions lying flush with one another, and panels iitted against said flat portions of' the tubes and riveted thereto, substantially as described.

13. A frame for railway-cars, comprising vertical metallic corner-posts, intermediate metallic tubular standards, horizontal metallic tubular stringers, and metallic tubular sections'arranged between the ends of the standards, brackets interposed between the adjacent ends of the standards and tubular sections and lying flush therewith, said brackets each having two lateral tenons fitted in the ends of adjacent tubular sections and a vertical tenon fitted in the end of an adjacent standard, and panels secured to the inner sides of the corner posts, standards, stringers and tubular sections, substantially as described.

14. A metallic frame for railway-ears, comprising tubular sills, vertical tubular cornerposts rigidly fastened at their lower ends to the sills, intermediate tubular standards, horizontal tubular stringere fastened to the corner-posts and standards, tubular sections arranged between the lowerends ofthe standards, brackets arranged between the contiguous ends of the tubular sections and standards and lying flush therewith, each ot` said brackets having two lateral tenons fitted in the ends of the adjacent tubular sections and a vertical tenon fitted in the lower end of the adjacent standard, and a lug or foot projecting horizontally inward from the bracket and bolted to the adjacent'sill, substantially as described.

15. A metallic frame for railway-cars, comprising tubular side and end'sills rigidly secured together at their meeting ends and each consisting of a metallic tube having a flat horizontal and a fiat Vertical face or wall and a concave-convex inner face or wall, vertical tubular standards, horizontal tubular stringers fastened to the standards, tubular sections arranged between the lower ends of the standards, brackets arranged between the contiguous ends of the standards and tubular sections and lying iiush therewith, each of said brackets having two lateral tenons fitted in the'endsof the adjacent tubular sections and a vertical tenon'fitted in the lower end of the adjacent standard, and a lug or foot projecting horizontally inward from the bracket and resting on and` riveted to the upper flat face of the adjacent sill, the inner face of the sills being apertured for the insertion of riveting-tools, substantially as described.

lG. A metallic frame for railway-cars, comprising side and end sills each consisting of a metallic tube having a .dat horizontal and a flat vertical face or wall and a concave-con- Vex inner wall,corner-brackets fitted between the contiguous ends of the sills and each consisting of an elbow having lateral tenons a1'- ranged at a right angle to one another and fitted in the contiguous ends of the sills, horizontal lugs or iianges projecting inwardly from the brackets, tubular corner-posts riveted to the said lugs or flanges and horizontal stringers fastened to the corner-posts, substantially as described.

17. A metallic frame for railway-cars, com-` prising side and end sills each consisting of a metallic tubehaving a flat horizontal and a fiat vertical face or wall and a concavo-con- Vex inner wall, corner-brackets fitted between the contiguous ends of the sills and each consisting of an elbow having lateral tenons arranged at a right angle to one another and fitted in the contiguous ends of the sills and provided with a horizontal inwardly-projecting lug 'or flange, vertical standards secured to the sills, horizontal stringersf'astened to the standards, tubular sections fitted between the lower ends of the standards and` secured thereto, vertical tubular corner-posts disposed above said brackets, brackets provided ICO IZO

with lateral tenons tted in the ends of adjal at their outer ends to the side sills, substancent tubular sections and With Vertical tenons tted in the lower ends ot' the corner-posts, and having horizontal inwardly-projecting lugs or feet riveted to thelugs or flanges of the corner-brackets, uniting the sills, substantially as described. g

18.'- A metallicframe for railway-ears, comprising Vertical tubular standards, horizontal tubularstringers recessed on their inner sides to iit the standards and riveted thereto, and tubular sections arranged between the ends of the standards and connected thereto, panels fitted and riveted to the innersides of the tubular standards, stringers and tubular seetions, said tubes being apertured on their inner sides for the insertion of riveting-tools,

. substantially as described.

their inner ends to said sockets and connectedv tially as described.

20. A metallic frame for railway-cars, coinprising tubular side and end sills rigidly connected together at the corners, a central longitudinal truss consisting of top and side plates and a bottom frame fastened together to forni a hollow truss-beam, sockets attached` to the oppositeA Vertical sides of the trussbeam and to the interior ot the tubular side sills, and brace-rods iitted at their opposite ends respectively to the sockets on the trussbeam and the sockets in the said sills, said side sills being apertured on their inner sides for the passage of the brace-rods and for the insertion and attachment of the sockets,lsub stantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence ot' two subscribing Witncsses.

v HARRY MCLOUGHLIN.

NVitnesses:

II. B. DAvis, Luo LEVY.