US694715A - Metal car. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 4, I902.

A. B. BELLOWS.

METAL GAB.

(Applicntinn filed Mar. 28, 1900.,

6 Sheets--Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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Patented Mar. 4, I902. A. B. BELLOWS.

METAL CAB.

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w imam PETERS on, PHOTflLiTHO, wnsmNG-rrw n r No. 694,715. Patentd Mai. 4, I902.

- A. B. BELLDWS.

METAL CAB.

(Application filed Mar. 28, 1900.) N 0 ll 0 d e l 6 Sheets-Sheet 6,

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NIT-ED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR B. BELLOWS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. I

METAL CAR.

SPECIFIGATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 694,71 5, dated March 4, 1902.

- Application filed March 28, 1900. Serial No. 10,468. (No model.)

panying drawings, forming part of this speci fication, in which Figure 1 shows in side elevation the left hand half of a steel car constructed in accordance with my invention, the car being designed specially for use in carrying ore and coal, though the novel features of my invention may be applied to cars of all kinds. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the right-hand half of the car. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the left-hand half of the car.' Fig. 4 is an end elevation. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line V V of Fig. 2. Figs. 6 and 7 are crosssectionsshowing modified constructions of the center sill and its ridge-plate. Fig. 8 is a per-' spective viewof the door latch. Fig. 9 is a partial plan view of one end of the car, showing the body-bolster and sill. Fig. 10 is a verticalsection on the line X X of Fig. 9; and

Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing a modified construction of the floor of the car, in which thefloor of the car is inclined downwardly from the top of the center sill toward the sides of thecar. I

In the drawings, 2 represents the center sill of the car, which is a box-girder structure, preferably composed of flanged beams and is within the bodyof the car. The sides of the cars are preferably constituted of plate-girders having an intermediate web portion 3, made up of metal plates, and marginal flanged sections 4 4 at the top and bottomv edges, the web 3 being provided with vertical stitfenin g flanged pieces 5 5, riveted thereto.

The car has inwardly-inclined floors which extend from lines 6 6 above the lower edges of the side plate-girders 3 downwardly to the lower portions of the center sill. These inclined floors are partly constituted by fixed portions 7 7 and doors 8 8, which are in substantially the same inclined plane. These 1 doors are made of longitudinal flanged pieces floor portions 7 and the outer vertical side plates 3 of the car are interposed diaphragms 10, constituted by plates or flanged sections The center sill 2 projects upwardly from the lower edges of the doors and is preferably provided at thetop with an angular ridge 11. The sill is'of novel construction in that its sides are made of flanged beams having webs and marginal flanges, and the top of thesill is composed of trough plates, which may be bent or rolled and which (when made'of two parts) are riveted together at the apex and also riv- .eted at the lower edges to the beams ofthe sill. At the middle of the car-body thereis a needlebeam, of general triangular outline, constituted of a plate-girder comprising a'horizontal flanged bar 12, which may bemade up of two angles riveted together, inclined flanged pieces 13, extending at the same inclination as the doors and floor portions 7, and anintermediate web 14, which is riveted to the pieces 12 and 13 ,and has vertical flangedat. taching-pieces by which it is secured to the.

sides of the center sill. I also provide gussetplates 16, extending vertically in the plane of the needle-beam.

There are preferably two doors on each side of the center sill, eachdoor extending from the needle-beam to the foot of the end incline door, journaled in hangers 19, whichdepend from the sides of the car. These shafts are connected by levers 20 and links 21 to the door,- so that by turning theshaft the door may be raised from the open position (shown at the right of Fig. 5) to the closed position, (shown at theleft of that figure,) inwhich position the levers 20 extend upwardly within the space afforded between'the inclined floor 7 and the side plate of the car. The doors are u pheld from below bylatches 22, mounted to slide on pins 23 and operated by levers 24 on shafts 25, arranged within the sill. latches 22 project through plates 26 on the sill, having rearwardlyproj ectin g arms 27, to

which the pins 23 are fixed. The slots 28 in The the plates 26 are made of the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, having a narrow middle portion B, through which the lip on the latch may be retracted, and having shoulders C, which support the body of the latch, the shape of the latch being shown in perspective in Fig. 8. The shafts 25 extend within the center sill till they reach beneath the inclined bottom portion 17 of the car, and theyare there connected, respectively, by levers 29, cross-links 30, and levers 31 to shafts 32, formed with squared ends, situated at a convenient point at the side of the car, so that by turning the shaft 32 through a very small arc the link 30 is moved in the direction of the arrow, thereby rotating the shaft 25 and retracting the latches, thus permitting both doors on one side of the car to drop and to discharge the load. When the door is raised by turning the shaft 18, a lip 33 at the edge of the door engages the lips at the ends of its latches, pushes the latches back momentarily, and the latches then spring forward by action of a counterweight 34 and lockthe door shut. It will be noticed that in this construction there are separate devices for raising and for upholding the door, with independent mechanism for each. The consequence is that either if the door'raising devices should be damaged or entirely destroyed the doors will still be upheld by their latches and will not drop, whereas in cases where the same means are used for raising and upholding the doors injury to them will frequently cause the dropping of the doors and the discharge of the load of the car upon the tracks, resulting in labor and expense in replacing or removing it.

The hinges of the doors are above the level of the lower edges of the side of the car. This is a desirable construction in that-it enables me to construct the door-opening of greater horizontalwidth than otherwise without causiug the door to interfere with the rail when it is swung open.

' The base of the center sill 2 is below the level of the lower edge of the sides of the car. This of importance, because it lowers the center of gravity and admits of a greater cubical capacity without exceeding the lines permissible in car construction.

The body-bolster 35 is a structure having a web with flanged edges, and about midway of its length there is a .slot or hole cut in the lower portion of the web below or mainly below its neutral axis. The center sill 2 is extended through said hole or slot and is secured to the web by attaching angles or plates 36. A diaphragm or diaphragms 37, preferably two in number, arranged to form an intermediate space for the king-bolt, are fixed inside the sill on each side of the plane of the web of the body-bolster. The body-bolster has cover-plates 38 38 at the top and bottom, and instead of making it with a single web, as shown, it may be formed of two parallel webs, so as to provide a box construction. The consequence of interfitting the body-bolster and sill in the manner just described is that a very strong construction is secured without in any way weakening the body-bolster, for as the latter is applied below the neutral axis, or mainly so, the stresses of compression put upon the bolster at the cut-away portion are entirely taken up by the sill, the diaphragms, and bottom cover-plate 38.

In Fig. 11 I show a modified construction in which the transversely-inclined floors 7, with the doors, are inclined downwardly from the top portion of the sill to the sides of the car, and in this case the diaphragms 10 are interposed between the floor portions and the vertical sides of the center sill.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I show modified constructions of the center sill and its angular ridge.

Within the scope of my invention as defined in the claims the parts may be modified in form and construction, and certain parts may be used without the others or in other combinations, since What I claim is- 1. A car having a longitudinal center sill extending throughout its body portion, and floor portions inclined transversely between the center sill and thecar sides, and having doors forming parts thereof, said parts formin g the bottom framework of the car, the car being open and unobstructed below the doors to allow dumping at points between its sides, substantially as described.

2. A car having a longitudinal center sill, and a transversely-inclined floor, constituted of adoor and a fixed portion, and diaphragms 10' interposed between a fixed portion of the inclined floor and an upright part of the car structure; substantially as described.

3. A car having a transversely-inclined floor, comprising a door with a fixed portion, said fixed portion being adjacent to the side of the car and extending above the base thereof, and cross ribs or diaphragms interposed between the side of the car and the floor; substantially as described.

4. A car having fixed stationary sides, a longitudinal center sill extending throughout the car-body, and a bottom or floor having oppositely-inclined portions extending from above the bases of the sides downwardly to the center sills upon which they are carried, the car sides terminating above the level of the lowerpart of the center sill;substantially as described.

5. A car having fixed stationary sides, and a longitudinal center sill, extending throughout the car-body, plate-girder side portions, and floor portions inclined in opposite directions from a level above the base of the side of the car down to the base of the center sill and supported onsaid center sill; substantially as described.

6. A steel car having fixed side portions and a longitudinal center sill extending throughout the car-body, continuous plate-girder sides, and fioor portions inclined in opposite directions from the stationary sides to the base of the center sill, and supported on said center sill; substantially as described.

7. A car-sill consisting of a box structure having flanged side beams and a coveringridge of angle form,said ridge being composed of two flanged parts having their flanges secured together; substantially as described.

8. A car having a center sill With transversely-inclined floors and a needle-beam composed of a web-and marginal flanges fixed to the floor and to the sill, and of general triangular form; substantially as described.

9. A car having a center sill with transversely-inclined floors and a needle-beam composed of a web and marginal flanges fixed to the floor and to the sill, and of general triangular-form, and a diaphragm within the sill at or about the plane of the needle-beam; substantially as described.

10. A car having a center sill and sides, the body of said sill-extending below the level of the sides and floors inclining transversely upwardly from the center sill at each side; substantially as described.

11. A car having continuous metal plate sides, a longitudinal center sill extending throughout the'body of the car, and floors inclining transversely and upwardly from the center sill to the sides, the body of said center sill extending below the level of the a car sides; substantially as described.

12. A car having alongitudinal center sill extending throughout its body, and floors inclining'transversely and upwardly from the base of said sill to the car sides, at leasta part of the center sill being belowthe'lower parts of the car sides; substantially as described.

13. In combination with door mechanism and a car having inclined floor portions at the ends, a cross-link extending under the inclined floor portion to the side of the car, and a connection leading therefrom to the door mechanism; substantially as described.

14:. The combination with a car-door and center sill, of a latch arranged within the center'sill and adapted to project therefrom to engage the door; substantially as described.

15; The combination of a car-door and the sill, an operating-latch arranged within the sill, and connections extending transversely therefrom to the side of the car; substantially as described.

16. The combination with a car-door, of raising mechanism comprising a shaft extending lengthwise of the car, a lever attached to the shaft, and a link connecting it with the.

door, said lever extending upwardly when the door is open, the side of said car'extend- 'ing downwardly exterior to the'body thereof below the upper end of said lever when the same is raised, affording thereby an open below the neutral axis of the latter; substantially as described.

18. A car having a body-bolster located over the truck-bolster and formed with a continuous web plate or plates having ahole out thereinmainly below the neutral axis, and a longitudinal sill passed therethrough; substantially'as described. 1

19. A car havinga body-bolster located over the truck-bolster and formed with a continuous web plate or plates,havinga hole cuttherein mainly below the neutral axis, and a longitudinal sill passed therethrough, said sill being formed of metal pieces with a diaphragm interposed at or near the plane of the bolster to resist compression; substantially as described.

20. A car having a body-bolster located over the truck-bolster and formed with a continuous web plate or plates having a hole cut therein mainly below the neutral axis, and a longitudinal sill passed therethrough, said bolster having a cover-plate at its lower side; substantially as described.

21. A car'having'a -center sill, diagonal as the level of the side base-line of the car;

substantially as described.

22. A car having'a body-bolster located over the truck-bolster and provided with a top flange, a bottom flange, and a continuous web plate or plates arranged to transmit bending strains from the top flange to the bottom flange, said web plate or plates having a hole cut therein, and a longitudinal sill extending through the hole; substantially as described.

23.. A steel car, having a longitudinal center sillextending throughout the car-body, and plate-girder sides extending below the level of the top of said center sill; substantially as described.

24. A steel car, having a longitudinal center sill'extendingthroughout the car-body, and continuous plate-girder sides having vertical strengthening members secured thereto, said sides extending below the top of the center sill; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

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