US694409A

US694409A - Electric igniting apparatus for explosive-engines.

Info

Publication number: US694409A
Authority: US
Inventors: Samuel F Neill
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-02-26
Filing date: 1901-02-26
Publication date: 1902-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 1919-03-04

Description

No. 694,409. Patented Mar. 4, I902.

' S. F. NEILL.

ELECTRIC IGNITING APPARATUS FOR EXPLOS IVE ENGINES.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1901.) "011W E a Sheets-$heet l.

- Patented Mar. 4, I902.

S. F. NEILL. ELECTRIC IGNIT ING APPARATUS FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

, (Application filed Feb. 26, 1901.)

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

[NVENTOR MQAl'M M- F WITNESSES: jfimg z 0,694,499. y Patented Mar. 4,1902,

S. F. NEILL. an ELECTRIC IGNITING APPABAT US'FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.-

(Applicnltion filed Feb. 26, 1901. (No Model.) a 3Sl 1eei s-$heet 3.

INVENTOR n: NORRIS wzw'zns couword-uman WASHINGTON. o. c.

r UNITED- STATES PATENT 7 OFFICE.

" SAMUEL F. ILL,oF BRADFORD, PENNSYLVANIA.

fELECTRIQ 'IGNI TING APPARATUS FOR EXPLQSlVE-ENGINES.

SPEOIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 694,409, .dated. March 4,1902.

Application filed February 26, 1"901. Serial No. 48,986.

To aZZ whom it may concern.- Be it known thatl, SAMUEL F. N EILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bradford, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful'Improvements in Electric Igniting Apparatus for Explosive-Engines; and I- do hereby declare the following to be a fu1l, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to'which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention. relates to improvements in electric firing apparatus for explosive-engines; and consists in the novel features of construction hereinafter described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one form in which I have contemplated embodying my invention, and said elevation of the magneto-machine, the timingplate, the spark coil, and the igniter. Fig. 2 is an end view of the magi 1eto, showing diagrammatically the winding of the field-coils. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing'the circuits and the switch, and Fig. 4 is a modification of the form of governor.

In operating explosive-engines it has been difficult to obtain a spark sufficient to ignite the first charge in the cylinder on account of the low speed at which the engine is running at that time inthe operation. The armature of the magneto-machine does not cut the field of force of the permanent magnetic poles at sufficient rate f speed to generate the required current. It is the object of thisinven tion to obviate this disadvantage and also to have the spark sufficient at all times to ignite the charge.

I Another object of this invention is to construct the circuit-breaker so as to retain the circuit closed through a greater part of the engines cycle and also to provide means whereby the time of sparking may be changed. The usual form of magneto employed for furnishing a current for sparking explosiveengines is the form used in this device. A

represents the permanent field magnet or magnets of this magneto-machine, and B the armature secured upon the shaft 0, which is rotatably mounted on the field-magnet in the increase the magnetism thereof.

(N0 model.)

bearings a a and carries the centrifugal governor D. i

E is a ring loosely mounted upon the movable portion F of the governor D. To this ring E' is swiveled one end of the lever G, which is fulcrumed on the arm I-I, secured to the bearing a. Upon the free end of the lever G is a brush-switch g, mounted thereon in such a' manner that the brush 9 will engage the segmental contact-piece I and when operated upon its fulcrum II will engage successively the blocksi, '5, t t and i Around the two poles of the permanent magnet A are the field-coils J J, which are connected in series with the armaturethrough the brush Z) by means of the lead I) and are wound on said fields in a direction which will Between the brush 1) and the fields and in the'lead b a shuntrwire b is inserted, leading to the segmental contact-piece I, for a purpose hereinafter described. The outleading wire I) from the fields is connected to the bindingpost Z of the primary coil of the spark-coil L. Upon any suitable shaft M of the engine is mounted the make-and-break contact-cam N. The cam is constructed so that it retains the circuit closed through a greater part of the revolution of the shaft M. This is brought about by making a short break m in the periphery of said cam. Loosely mounted upon the same shaft with said cam is an adjustable plate 0, provided with a concentric slot 0. A wing-headed bolt 0' passes through the slot 0 and engages a screw-threaded opening in the framework. This slot and wing-head ed bolt will serve as a means of adjusting said plate around the shaft, and thus change the time of the spark;

Mounted upon the plate 0 and secured to the binding-post 0 is a spring-arm 0 provided with a foot 0 which normally bears upon the periphery of said cam N. A binding-post p is also mounted on said plate and carries an adjustable contact-point p. This point p is in the form of a screw and bears directly against the spring-arm 0 thus creating a tension on the same. The binding-post p is electrically connected with the outleading binding-post Z of the primary-coil of the spark-coil L. The other binding-post 0 is connected by the wire 0 with the brush 1) of the magneto-machine. The two wires b and I) connect the secondary coil of the sparkcoil L with an igniterin this instance a jump spark-igniter X, which is arranged in the engine-cylinder.

Wound on the poles of the field-magnet A are additional coils, four being shown in the drawings, j, j, j and These coils are wound on each pole in a contrarydirection to that in which the coils J J are wound and hence have a tendency to demagnetize the poles when the current passes through them. Referring to the diagram shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, four demagnetizing-coils 7,3", 7' and 7' are shown and are represented as running in an opposite direction to that of the magnetizing-coil J for the purpose hereinbefore stated. The coilj is connected by the the wire 7a to the block 71, the coilj with the block 11 by the wire the coil 7' with the block 2'" by the wire 70 and the coil j with the block 6 by the wire k One of these sets of demagnetizingcoils is arranged on each of the poles of the magnet A. The demagnetizing-coils j,j,j and 7' are made up of wire of different resistance, the coil j containing the greatest resistance and decreasing in succession to The device operates as follows: The engine is started and motion is conveyed slowly at first to the armature of the magneto-machine through the pulley S or other means. The rotation of the armature through the field of force of the permanent magnet A causes a current to be generated therein. This current after passing through the commutator is led out through the wire 12 and through the magnetizing-coils J J, hereinbefore referred to. In passing around the poles of the magnet, and thus reinforcing the magnetism thereof, as before stated, the clectromotive force of the magneto-machine is increased to such an extent that a spark can be furnished at low speed of sufficient intensity to ignite the first charge. This spark is substantially equal to the one produced at normal speed without the reinforcing-coils. As the engine attains its normal running speed the electromotive force of the magneto-machine will tend to increase; but the increased speed of the shaft of the armature sets the centrifugal governor D, the lever G, and switchg in operation. The switch as it moves over into the block 2" throws into the shuntcircuit hereinbefore described all of the demagnetizing-coils wound on the poles of the field-magnet. The effect of this operation is twofold. First, it lessens the amount of current flowing through the magnetizing-coils, and, secondly, it diminishes the strength of the field-magnets by partially demagnetizing the poles. As higher speed is attained these demagnetizing-coils are successively cutout,

as hereinbefore described, by the switch 9 continuing to move over the blocks i i and 2'" in succession until the switch reaches the block 2'. By this means the resistance in the shunt is gradually cut out, allowing a greater amount of current to pass through the coil 7' which is of such character that it will exactly equalize and neutralize the effect of the magnetizing-coils J J. The passage of the current through the wire b the primary coil of the spark-coil, the binding-- post p, spring-arm 0 binding-post o, and thence back to the-brush of the magnetomachine is retained closed through a greater part of the engines cycle and is only broken upon the cut-away portion on of the cam N reaching the-foot o of the spring-arm 0 In keeping the circuit closed and breaking it to create the spark the core of the spark-coil is held magnetized continually, with the exception of the point when the circuit is broken, thus giving a better spark.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a construction which I desire to use in connectionwith the governor and switch shown in Fig. 1. m is a solenoid, and 'm' the soft-iron core thereof,held in its outward position by means of a spring m. The switch-lever R of the automatic switch instead'of being pivoted to a stationary part, as shown in Fig. 1, is pivoted to the movable core m of the solenoid. The spring is of such strength that it will hold the core against longitudinal movement when the ordinary amount of current passes through the solenoid. This device is used as an additional safeguard in case of a short circuit in the switch at low speed or in case of a failure of'the governor to act when the increase of current through the solenoid causes it to overcome the spring and to operate the lever and switch upon the governor-ring as a fulcrum, the operation of the switch throwing in and out the opposing coils hereinbefore mentioned.

The solenoid above described may also be used in place of the governor.

I do not limit myself to the exact construction of parts shown or described.

The danger of the permanent field-magnets A ever losing their magnetism or becoming weakened to an extent which would impair their efficiency is obviated by this device, as the magnets are subject to the action of the series of field-coils J J at starting and stopping. This device is adapted to be used in connection with electric generators which do not have permanent magnetic fields. It may also be used and applied to engines which have other forms of igniting devices than the one shown and described in this application.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is-

1. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor provided with a series of demagnetizing-coils of different resistances and a circuit-controller connected with said coils, substantially as described.

2. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor, provided with coils for increasing the normal magnetism of the field-mag:

nets, a series of coils for demagnetizing said field-magnets, means for cutting in said magnetizing and dcmagnetizing coils, and means o for successively cutting out said demagnetizing-coils, substantially as described.

4. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device,'of an electric generator therefor, provided with coils for increas-' ing the normal magnetism of the field-mag nets, a series ofcoils for demagnetizing said field-magnets, a circuit-controller for cutting in saidmagnetizing-coils and of said demagnetizing-coils and cutting them out succes sively, and a governor operated by the engine for-actuating said circuit-controller.

5. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor, provided with coils for increasing the normal magnetism of the field-magnets, and a series of demagnetizing-coils of different resistances and a circuit-controller connected with said coils, substantially as described. I

6. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor provided with coils for increasing the normal magnetism of the field-magnets and a series of demagnetizing-coils of different resistances, a circuit-controller con-.

nected with said coils and a governor operated by the speed of the engine, operatively connectedwith said circuit-controller, substantially as described.

7. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric gener: ator therefor provided with a magnetizingcoil for increasing the normal magnetism of the field-magnets and a series of demagnetizing-coils, one of which is constructed to neutralize the magnetizing-coil, a circuit-controller connected with said coils, and a governor for actuating said circuit-controller, substantially as described.

8. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor provided with a magnetizing-coil for increasing the normal magnetism'of the field-magnets, and a series of demagnetizingcoils, of graduated resistances, one of which is constructed to neutralize the magnetizingcoil, a circuit-controller connected with said coils and arranged to cut in separately the magnetizing-coil, and all the demagnetizingcoils and to cut out successively the demagnetizing-coils, and a governor operati'vely connected with said circuit-controller, substantially as described.

9. In an explosive-engine, the combination,

with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor provided with a magnetizing-coil and a series of demagnetizing-coils, a circuitcontroller connected with said coils and a governor operated by the engine connected with said circuit-controller and an independent electric governor connected with said circuitcontroller, substantially as described.

10 In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor provided with a magnetizing-coil and a series of demagnetizing-coils, a circuit-controller provided with contacts, separately connected to said coils, a movable switch-lever, an electric governor having a movable wpart pivotally connected to saidswitch-lever, said pivotal connection forming themormal fulcrum of said lever, and a governor operated by the engine connected with said lever, substantially as described.

11. In an explosive-engine, the combination with the igniting device, of an electric generator therefor, provided with auxiliary magnetizing and demagnetizing, coils, a circuit-controller for said coils and a governor for operating said circuit-controller, of a cam on a shaft operated by the engine, a plate adjustable around said shaft, an igniter-operating device mounted on said plate and operatively engaging said cam, and connections between said igniter-operating device and the igniting device, substantially as described.

'12. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an, electric generator therefor provided with an auxiliary magnetizing-coil for increasing the normal magnetism of the field-magnets and a series of demagnetizing-coils, a circuit-controller connected to said coils, a movable switch-lever for said circuit-controller, a governor 0perated by the engine connected to said switchlever, a solenoid located in the main circuit of the generator, a movable core therefor and connections between said core and said switchlever, substantially as described. I

13. In an explosive-engine, the combination with an igniting device, of an electric generator therefor provided with an auxiliary magnetizing-coil for increasing the normal magnetism of the field-magnets and a series of demagnetizing-coils, a solenoid located in the main circuit of the generator, a movable core therefor, a spring holding said core in one position, a circuit-controller for said coils having a movable switch-lever pivoted to said core, and a governor operated by the engine and operative connections between said governor and said switch-lever located in a difierent plane from its pivotal connection with said core, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof .I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL F. NEILL.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, NInLs LUNDBERG.