US691040A

US691040A - Firearm.

Info

Publication number: US691040A
Application number: US5607801A
Authority: US
Inventors: Franklin K Young
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-04-16
Filing date: 1901-04-16
Publication date: 1902-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1919-01-14

Description

- Patented Ian. l4, I902. F. K. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

(Application filed Apr. 16, 1901.)

(No IMdal.) Y

4 Sheets-Sheet l. 1

Invenor.

zav anesses:

' (QMQ'AQFYM Patented Ian. I4, I902. F. K. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

(Application filed Apr. 16, 1901.)

4 Sheets-Sheaf-Z.

(No Model.)

M Rb QM m\ bb X X XIX/VIN I MUM HHI

Witnesses.-

Patented Ian. 14, I902. F. K. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

, (Application filed Apr. 16, 19 01.

4 Shea'ts-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Witnesses:

Inventor.-

' hollow interior and is perforated at frontand rear topermit reciprocation of the firing-pin.

' UNITED: STATES PATENT. ,OF'F C FRANKLIN 1;; rooms, or BOSTON, MAssAbnUsE'rrrs."

FIREARM.

srnclrrcnrron'rormmg'pm of Letters Patent No: 691,040, dated January 14, 1902. A nman and April 16,1901. SeriaiNo.66;Q78. 1(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern;

Be it knownfthat I, FRANKLIN KQYOUNG, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, in the county ofv Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an automaticallyreloading firearm, both small-arms and ordnance,-in which theoperation of the mech-i anism does not depend upon a movablebarrel. The object of my invention'is to produce a gun of this character in which theloadi'ng and firing mechanism consists of few parts and is.

of simple construction.

My mven tion consists in mechanism having the novel features, which will be fully.

described herein and which will be particularly pointed out in the claims at the close of this specification. I

In the drawings, Figure 1 is -a side elevation, partly in section, of a breech mechanism illustrating my invention, showing the hammer cocked. Fig. ,2 is a vertical longitudinal section showing the position of the mechanism after thehammer is thrown forward and the firing-pin has struck the cartridge. Fig.

3 shows the-hammer, bolt, and firingpin thrown back after the discharge. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectionon line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of a part of the bolt and receiver on line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are detailed perspective views of the lockingblock. Fig. 8is a vertical longitudinal section of the locking-block.

While I have shown my invention in the drawings as applied to a shoulder-gun, I do not intend to limit myself to such application, as it is adapted for use in other forms of firearms.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 is the reciiaivgr for the bolt 2, which holds the firingp n 4'is the magazine, which may be varied in form to adapt it to the style of gun to which the invention is receiver 1.

The barrel 5 is represented in Fig. 2 as broken away and as screwed into the end of the receiver 1. The-bolt 2 is formed with a applied andopens into the The (ll'OSSsliGfld 7 is prcferabl y formed with an ofifset or short stem 6, which fits in and closes the rear end of the bolt 2. head 9 on itsrear end outsideof the bolt 2 The pin 3 has a and has a collar 10 ashort distance inside of the bolt, the reciprocating movement of the firing-pin relative to the bolt being limited by the head 9 and the collar 10. In front of the collar 10 is a yoke 11, having flanges 12, which extend through thelongitndinal slots 13 in the sides of the bolt 2 and project into theriife.

cesses14 in the sides of the receiver 1. yoke. has a sliding movement, aswillbe described hereinafter. v

5 Surrounding the firing-pin 3 is a spring 15, one end of which abuts against the forward end of the bolt 2 and the other endof which abuts against the yoke 11-." The tension of 7c the spring normally holds the yoke 11 in its rearmostposition, the location of the collar 10 on the firing-pin being such that when the yoke is in its rearmost position, asdescribed, the yoke will abut against-the collar 10.

A bridge 16 extends-from side to side ofthe receiver 1 beneath the bolt 2. Attached to or integral with said bridge and protecting downwardly therefrom is a hanger 17, on

which is f ulcru med the locking-block 18. The

locking-block is formed with a slot and with a rounded pivot portion 20 at the forward end of the slot, which fits in the curved notch 21 v in the cndof the hanger 17 as a bearing, the

body of the hanger projecting through the slot in the locking-block when the lockingblock is in position.

Projecting from the upper face of the lock-.

end of the locking-block is an arm 26, and ex- I tending rearwardly from arm'26 is an arm 27, a

which, when the'locking-block is open, as in hold the locking-block open until the hammer is tripped. This sliding arm, which holdsthelocking-block in its open-position, as just de-- scribed, consists of an angle-bar mounted on Figs. 1 and 3,is engaged by the sliding arm 28 to x on g or projecting upward and integral with a cylinder 29, which is closed at its rear end and open at its forward end. Extending rears .wardly from the magazine 4 is the frame 34, 5 from which rise thewalls 35, formingia sort of trough, within which the cylinder 29 slides. Projecting rea'rwardly from the magazine 4 isa pin 30, on which is pivoted the dog 31 whichlterm the lockiug-block-closing dog. re This dog is pivoted loosely enough on the pin 30 to permit a slight rocking movement forward and back and has 'a'projection 32,which forms a fulcrum hearing against the rear wall of the magazine. The'rear part of the dog :5 31 at itsupper end bears against the arm 26 of the locking block'. Surrounding the pin 7 30 is a coil-spring 33, one end of which bears against-the lower portion of the dog 31 and the otherend of which extends into the cylro indie'r'29and abuts up against the rear end of the cylinder.

--'The hammer 3 6]is pivoted at 37 between 39 is the head of the ham mer,wh ich strikes :5 the'jnead- 90f the firing-pin.- A toe spur or boss 40, rising from the pivoted end of the hammer, bears against the rear partof thelocking-block when the hammer is up andprevents the locking-block from being opened 30 until the hammer is again brought back.

4 Projecting downwardly from the pivoted end of the hammer is a heel spur or boss 41,

f-the front face of which forms a back-stop for V the cylinder 29 and pushes inthe cylinder,

5 compressing the spring 33 when the hammer is thrown backward. The rear face of the V spur 41 forms a catch for. the trigger..

The trigger comprises a finger-piece 42 and a trip-arm 43, formed integral with each other 0 or rigidly connected, so as to act together,

andpivoted at 44in the frame 34. 45 is the trigger-spring.

The operation of this firearm, whether small-arms or ordnance, may be performed 45 either by hand or automatically. In the-latter case such operation is, preferably performedby means of a special cartridge, such as is described in United States Letters Patent Nos. 624,145 and 624,146, dated May 2,

1899, granted to me. Assuming the mechanism to be in position ready for firing with the hammer back and acartridge in the bar-' rel, as shown in -Fig. 2, the locking-block is open and is locked in its open position by the sliding arm 28' engaging the arm 27 of the locking-block. When; the block is thus locked in its open position, the cylinder 290i the sliding arm 28 is heldv in its forward. position by the heel-spur 41 on'thehammer and 6c the spring 33 is compressed. VVhen' the trigger is pulled,it releases the trip-arm 43 from engagement with thehpur 41 of the hammer, and the spring 33 is free to expand. The ekpension of this spring throws back the cylinder 29 and throws the hammer violently forward. The rearward movement of thecylinder 29 releases the sliding arm 28from the described in my formerpatents referred to be used with the intent to'operate thefirearm an 27 of the locking-block. As the spring 33 exerts its prgssure in both dLections, its forward tension on the lower arm of the dog 31 causes the upper arm of the dog which rests on the locking-block to close the locking-block as scenes the sliding arm 28 releases the arm 27. "If acartridge of the kind automatically, then when the hammer strikes the head 9 of the firing pin, as shown in Fig.-

2, the latter is driven forward until it engages the rear of the igniting-plunger contained in' the cartridge. By this engagement the ignit- I iug-plnnger in turn is driven forward into contact with the rear of the bullet 47. The result of this contact of the igniting-plunger with the rear of the bullet explodes, the f ulminate or primer situated between the rear of the bullet and the front end of the ignitingplunger. By this explosion the charge of powder or other explosive contained in the cartridge is ignited, and by the resulting explosion of this charge the igniting-plunger-is driven violently backward, and being engaged with the firing-pin 3 of the gun the lirin g-pin also is thrown violently backward until the collar 10 is brought into contact with the cross-head 7 of the bolt. During this movement of the firing-pin and before the collar lflhas come in contact with the cros's liead 7 the hammer has been forced backward by the .firingpin head 9 and the backward 10c movement of this hammer, pushing cylinder 29 forward, has caused the sliding arm 28 to engage the arm 27, thus unlocking a'nd opening the lockingblock. The bolt 2 now being unlocked, the collar 10 comes violently in con-' 1 e5 tact with the front of the crosshea'd 7and throws the bolt to the rear until the-forward ends of the slots 13 come in contact with the front of the flanges 12 of the yoke 11, compressing the spring 15 between the yoke and the forward end of the bolt. .The rearward movement of this bolt has forced downward and passed the hammer, causing the latter to become cooked by the engagementjetween the spur 41 and the trigger, as in Fig. 3. This rearward movement of the bolt also has extracted the empty shell from the cartridgechamber by means-of the extractor 49 and ejected it from the gun by means of the ejector, thus permitting the magazine-spring to force upward a cartridge. into the proper position for being inserted into the cartridgechamber by the subsequent forward movement of the bolt. 7 This forward movement is performed by the expansion of the spring 15, which occurs immediately after the bolt has completed its backward movement. 7

- What I claim is- 1. In an automatically-acting breech mechanism for firearms, 0. coking-block, means for opening and closing said block and lock high: in ah open or closed position, a ham- .mer which when it is thrown' back actuates thelocking-block-opening mechanism'idopep' said block from being unlockeduntil the hammer is thrown forward, and when the hammer is thrown forward .it actnatesuthe locking-block;-closing mechanismgsnbstantiallyas described.

2. In an automatically-acting mechanism; I

; ted: bolt, arecessed receiver for the belt, a firfor firearms, a locking-block, means for opening the locking-block and looking it in an open position, a hammer which when-it is thrown back actuates the lockingsblock-opeming mechanism to open said block and to hold it open until the ham'rneris thrown-forward, mechanism which closes the locking-block when the hammer is thrown; forward, the hammer then'l'ocking saidblock in its closed 3 position; substantially as described" 1 I fl 3. In an automatically-acting breech mechanism for, firearms, a .Iockiug-block,ja hammer-having a projection which when the-hammer isthrown back opens the-locking-block and looks it open. until. the hammer is. thrown forward and then releases'it,'and ha'vinga I .projection wbich'when the hammer is thrown forward and the locking-block is closed locks it in the closed position, substantially a s de scribed; v j u the latter is thrown back which engages with.

the arm-of-the locking-block and opens saidblock and locks it open, substantially as de v Y limited sliding movement before theaholtis 5; 11s. breech mechanism for firearms,

pivoted lockingblock, means for opening said block when the hammer is thrown back, a pivoted dog which engages said block, a spring which tends to actuate the dogio close said block, means which look said-block open while the hammer is back, and which release the block when the hammer'isthrown for? ward,.. whereby said do is permitted to close said block, substantial y as described.

6. In breechmechanisnij for fiiiea'rmsfa locking-block, a sliding arm having'atubniar base, a spring 'which;1's held in said.tnbe,'and

a hammer which when thrown back actuates said arm, to open and lock saidblock and said armto release said block when the ham-' mer releases the arm, substantially as'described.

' 7 Inbreech mechanism for flrearmsmslom I '55 ted bolt, a recessedreceiver for the bolt, a'firing-pin within said boltand extending through the rear end thereof, sto s on said firing-pinwhichpermitalimitedsli -i ngmove-, meat thereof relative 'to the bolt, a flanged 4. In breech "mechanism jfor firearms", a: pwotedlocking-bloch havingan arm "anda, sliding arm actuated by the hammer whencompress said spring-said spring actuating yoke in front of the inside stop'whichextends 6c through said=.bolt into said receiver, whereby .hen'the firing-pin is moved either forwardly or'rearwardly itwill move alimited distance 'thou't movement of the belt, substantially as describedn 6 8-; In breech mechanism for firearms, a slot-- ing-pin extending through the rear end of the bolt; stops onsaid firing-pin outside and inside of said belt which permit a limited move- 7 ment. of the pin relative tothe bolt,a flanged yoke, onsaidfiring-pin in front of the inside stop which extends through said bol i to. said receiver,-whereby when the'iiring-pin ismoved -rearwardly- 15mm; its forward position-it will 7 move a limited distance without movement of the bolt and then further rearward-move ,ment of theflring-pin will also move the bolt 'rearwardly', a spring around said firing-pin between the yoke and the, forward .endcf the 8 bolt whichtehdstohold thebolt closed and s the ,fi'ring-pin in its rearward position substantially as described.

' 9. In an automat'cally-acting breech mech anism for firearms, a belt, a locking-block, n18

hammer which when in its forward position against the firing-pin locks said block in engagement with the bolt, mechanism actuated 'by the hammer when thrown back which I opens said block and locks it'o releasmg the bolt,1aiiring-pin;w. ich': extends through the rearlendofrthebolt stage a moved,;and which in its rearward movement .i throws back the hammer, the locking-block which engages said block'to'openit andlocli it open; a spring in combinatienwithiisaid i sliding arm, a pivoted dog which (51183 8 1 said. block to close it, a hammer whichengages said sliding arm, and a. firingpin,whicliin its rearward i movement engages "said hammer and thereby actuates said sliding armj'to'open 1 said block; substantially asldeserihed.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my eignature in presence of two witnesses.

e FRANKLIN-K. YOUNG. Witnesses; Y p WILLIAM A.- COPELAND,

B T,WALLAcu.