US690739A - Automatic firearm. - Google Patents

Description

Patented 1an. 7, |902.-

n. H. K'JELLMANWLG. L. NDERSSorL AuTomATlc FIBEARM.

(Application Sled. Apr. 30. 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

(llo Model.)

W-ITN ESSES:

` 4 ATTORNEY No*l 690,739. Patented lan. 7, |902.

n. H. KJELLMAN & G. L. ANnEBssoN.

AUTOMATIC FIREABM. (Applieaeion med Apr. so. i900.)

(No Mqdel.) f 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNEssEs:

ATTORNEY Patented lan. 7, |902. R. H. KJELLMAN & G. L. ANDERSSGN.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

(Application Bled Apr. 30, 1900.l

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

n vll WITNESSES 7X/WW 0@ @i @M I NVENTORS:

`ATTORNEY ma wonms zfzns w.. Puomurno.. wAsHmoroN. n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

SWEDEN, ASSIGNORS TO AKTIEBOLAGET AUTOMATQEVAR, OF

STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

AUTOMATIC vFIRI-:ARNL

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 690,739, dated January 7, 1902. Application filed April 30, 1900. Serial No. 14,880. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern; 1 Be it known that we, rR UDoLF HENRIK- .KJnLLMAN andGUfsTAF LEANDER ANDERS- SON, subjects of the King of Sweden and Norway, and residents of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relatesv to automatic firearms, and is designed mainly for application to those for hand use. The characteristics of this firearm are as follows: It has a recoiling barrel and receiver, the latter being located in the iixed frame. v In this receiver is mounted a lever which during the movement of the receiver is caused to turn about its fulcrum owing to the presence in its path of detents or impediments on the iixed frame, the latter being in the form of shoulders, lugs, or projections, between which the lower end of the lever engages. The upper-end of said lever enters the breech-bolt,which` islocated in the receiver and is provided at its bottom with a slot or aperture .and .actuatesv the firing-pin in thebolt, so as to cock the pin, and also actuates the bolt itself.

The noveltyot' `the, presentinvention lies in the construction whereby whenthe breech is closed the said actuating-lever occupies such aposition that the breech-bolt may be drawn back or out byhand without disturbing said lever; also, in the mounting of the magazine in the recoiling receiver; also, in the cartridge-lifter being provided with a spring-buder which when the cartridges are exhausted automatically drives rearward the partially-advanced breech-bolt, so as admit of recharging the magazine without preceding manipulation, and, finally, means are provided for retaining the receiver in place after the recoil u ntil the breech-bolt shall have had time to move rearward to the full extent, when the receiver, being then released by the bolt, is moved forward, as usual, by the recoil-spring.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate the invention, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are sectional elevations of the lock mechanism, showing the parts in different positions. Figs. G, 7, and 8 are cross-sections taken, respectively, at nues' A B, o D, and E F in rig. 4.

Fig. 9. includes two views and shows the opis a sectional View illustrating the retaining l devices for the receiver and the firing-pim,

and Fig. 11'is a detail view of the-retaining device for the receiver. Fig. l2 is a sectional view illustrating the locking device for the breech-bolt.

1 designates the barrel of the gun; 2, the receiver; '3, the frame; 4, the breech-bolt; 5, the ring-pin; 6, the spring of the latter; 7, the lever; 8, themagazine; 9, the cartridgelifter, and 1() the trigger. Cartridges are represented in the magazine in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. The barrel is screwed securely into the front end of the receiver and moves rearwardly therewith at the recoil, the receiver compressing by means of its arm 11, Fig. 6, the recoilspring 13 on the rod 12. This rod extends th rough the arm l1 and the latter slides thereon. -In depending lugs on the receiver is fulcrumed the lever 7 on a pin 14, Fig. 7, and consequently said lever moves with the receiver. The upper end'ol:` thelever '7 is forked,

so as to embrace the firing-pin 5 when the lever extendsinto an aperture or slot in the lower face of the breech-bolt 4, the said pin having a suitable form to receive the forked end of the lever, as seen in cross-section in Fig. 6. On the lower end of thev lever 7 is a lateral lug 15, which occupies a position between two detents or lugs 16 and 17 on the frame, and in the movements of the receiver these lugs or detents act upon the lever to turn it about its fulcrum into different positions. In Fig. 1, which shows the breech closed, the lever 7 is represented with its up- A per end turned to its extreme position to the front and freefrom the breech-bolt. This movement is elfected by the detent 16 acting IOO breech-bolt may be withdrawn by hand to permit of cartridges being inserted in the magazine 8. Fig. 5 shows the breech-bolt so withdrawn, the other parts being in the same position as in Fig. 1. The withdrawal of the breech-bolt is effected in the usual waynamely, by drawing outthe firing-pin through the medium of its handle 19, the said pin in its turn releasing the breech-bolt by unlockin g it. It may be stated here that the breechbolt is thrown out and in by the rlever 7, the momentum of the bolt carrying it at the terminal portions of its movement after the lever shall have disengaged itself. The device whereby the bolt 4 is locked and unlocked is illustrated in Fig. 12. This is a known device and is not claimed herein. It comprises two lever-latches 4a on the front end of the breech-bolt, having heads adapted to spring into sockets 2fL in the receiver when the breech is closed. When the firing-pin 5 is retracted, shoulder 5a thereon enters between and Wedges apart the opposite ends 5b of the lever-latches,thusdisengaging theirheads from the sockets in the receiver and setting the bolt free.

j When th'e gun is fired, the barrel and receiver are driven back by the recoil. The stationary lug or detent 17 then causes the upper end of the lever 7 by acting on the lower end surface 31 thereof to swing over to the rear from the starting position seen in Fig. 1 to the successive positions seen in Figs. 2 and 4. In the position seen in Fig. 2 the forked upper end of the lever 7 has entered the breechbolt and engaged the firing-pin 5, and bybearing on the shoulder 2O thereon moves the firing-pin rearwardly to its cooking position. This movement of the firing-pin unlocks the breech-bolt and drives the latter to the extreme rear point seen in Fig. 4. When the parts are as seen in this figure, the lever 7 will be swung over tothe rear, its face 32, Fig. 9, bearing on the front face of the lug 17, and its face 33, Fig. 9, serving as an abutment orstop for the breech-bolt 4. The spent cartridge-shell drawn out by the extractor (not shown in the drawings) is now ejected and a fresh cartridge supplied. The return ofthe parts is effected, as usual, by the recoil of the spring 13. This operation again swings the lever 7 over to the front by engagement with-the detent-lug 16 in its path, thus closing the breech-bolt. The parts now resume the position seen in Fig. 1.

The magazine forms a part of the receiver 2, and consequently takes part in its movements, thus always occupying the one and the same position with respect to the cartridge-chamber in the barrel.` Therefore the feeding up of a cartridge is not dependent on the position of the receiver with relation to the rear part of the iirearm, as is the case with automatic firearms as ordinarily constructed and wherein the magazine is stationary in the frame.

When the last cartridge shall have been fired and the breech-bolt thrown forward by the lever 7 at the recoil, said bolt would ad- Vance over the cartridge-lifter, as seen in Fig. 3, and interfere with the insertion of cartridges into the magazine. To obviate this disadvantage, the lifter 9 is provided with a spring cushion or buffer, upon which the breech-bolt impinges, and is thereby driven back to the position seen in Fig. 5. This buffer comprises a bolt 2l, backed by a spring 22 ina suitable casing on the lifter 9. When the last cartridge shall have been fired, this buffer is brought or elevated into the path 0f the bolt 4. t

The cartridge-lifter 9 is supported on and pressed upward by springs 23, and by means of shoulders on the receiver the movements of the cartridges as they are pressed upward are properly directed in a known manner, so as to bring the uppermost cartridge into alinement with the cartridge-chamber.

As the receding motion of the breech-bolt during the recoil is found to take place later than that of the receiver, means have been provided for retaining the receiver after it shall have completed its rearward movement until the breech-bolt shall have completed its rearward movement. The device employed for this purpose comprises a spring-hook 25, Figs. 11 and l1, secured to the rear wall 24, Fig. 3, of the frame 3, a shoulder 26, Fig. 11, formed on the lower face of the lug 18 on the receiver, a sliding pin 27 in the lug 18 forward of said shoulder 26 and projecting into the path of the breech-bolt, and an inclined surface 28 on said bolt. When the receiver shall have receded to the full extent, the shoulder 26 wipes over and engages the depressible hook 25, thus retaining the receiver. The hook 25 presses upward the pin 27 on engaging the shoulder 26. When the breechboit shall have receded to the full extent, its camlike projection 28 wipes over and depresses the pin 27, thus depressing and disengaging the hook 25 and setting free the receiver. v

The firing-pin does not unlock the breechbolt until said pin is withdrawn far enough by the lever 7 to cock, and after the said bolt is set free it remains free until it again advances and closes the breech.

Fig. 1l shows the relations between the trigger and the firing-pin, although this feature is not specifically claimed by us. On the firing-pin is a shoulder 29, which when the pin is drawn back to the cooking position is engaged bya spring latch or sear 30, which has a nose or hook on its pendent end, and when the cocked pin 5 is advanced along with the breech-bolt 4 this nose enters an aperture in a spring-slide 31, engaged by the trigger 10, so that when the trigger is pressed in firing it draws down the slide 3l and with it the sear 30, thus setting free the firing-pin. As this device is not claimed by us and any device IOO IIO

for the purpose may be employed, we have not deemed it advisable to illustrate it in all the Views. The mechanism in VJthe receiver is necessarily crowded, and to avoid confusion parts are omitted from some ofthe views. The

cartridge-lifter is omitted fromFig. 11. t Having thus described our invention, we claim- 1. An automatic firearm, having a recoil-V Ving receiver, a breech-bolt mounted to slideI therein, a firing-pinslidably mounted in said bolt, an operating-lever 7, fulcrumed in said receiver and adapted 'to engage and operate the breech-bolt positively in closing the latter and to swin g out of engagement with said bolt A when the latter closes, and a frame havin g l tion and cannot rise intoengagement with the breech-bolt.

3. An automatic rearm, having a magazine, a cartridge-lifter in said magazine, a spring-bilder on lsaid lifter in the path of the breech-bolt when the magazine is empty, the

said breech-bolt, and means for operating the latter.

4. An automatic firearm, having a frame provided with a spring-hook 25, a recoiling vreceiver in said frame, and provided with a shoulder 26 toV engage saidv hook when the receiver moves rearward from the recoil, and a pin 27 in front ofthe shoulder 26 and adapted to be protruded by the entering hook 25, a breech-bolt slidably mounted in said receiver and provided with an inclined surface 28, adapted to depress said pin and release the hook 25wh'en said bolt is moved rearward,

and meansA for operating said bolt.

In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RUDOLF H. KJ ELLMAN. G. L. ANDERSSON. Witnesses:

ERNST SvANQVIsT, HANS B. OHLssoN.

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