US6892076B2 - Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure - Google Patents

Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure Download PDF

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Publication number
US6892076B2
US6892076B2 US10/164,176 US16417602A US6892076B2 US 6892076 B2 US6892076 B2 US 6892076B2 US 16417602 A US16417602 A US 16417602A US 6892076 B2 US6892076 B2 US 6892076B2
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band
mhz
radio frequencies
transmitter
dvb
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US20030228892A1 (en
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Juha Maalismaa
Marko Leinonen
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Nokia Technologies Oy
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Nokia Oyj
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Priority to US10/164,176 priority Critical patent/US6892076B2/en
Priority to AU2003230117A priority patent/AU2003230117A1/en
Priority to EP03722960A priority patent/EP1514405B1/fr
Priority to CNB038160366A priority patent/CN100468976C/zh
Priority to US11/088,461 priority patent/US7460846B2/en
Priority to ES03722960T priority patent/ES2307927T3/es
Priority to AT03722960T priority patent/ATE399395T1/de
Priority to PCT/IB2003/001999 priority patent/WO2003105458A2/fr
Priority to DE60321789T priority patent/DE60321789D1/de
Publication of US20030228892A1 publication Critical patent/US20030228892A1/en
Publication of US6892076B2 publication Critical patent/US6892076B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to HK05107919A priority patent/HK1074708A1/xx
Assigned to NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY reassignment NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NOKIA CORPORATION
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3805—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving with built-in auxiliary receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B15/00—Suppression or limitation of noise or interference

Definitions

  • These teachings relate generally to methods and apparatus for operating a digital video/data receiver in close proximity to a potentially interfering transmitter and, more specifically, relate to methods and apparatus for operating a DVB-T receiver in close proximity to a cellular telephone transmitter, which could be a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) transmitter, such as one used to provide a return channel to a source of data that is received through the DVB-T receiver.
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • DVB-T was first adopted as a standard in 1997, and is currently rapidly expanding in Europe, Australia and Asia. DVB-T offers about 24 Mb/s data transfer capability to a fixed receiver, and about 12 Mb/s to a mobile receiver using an omnidirectional antenna. Some distinguishing technical features of DVB-T include the following: DVB-T offers a net bit rate (R) per frequency channel in the range of about 4.98 to 31.67 Mbit/s and operates with a channel separation of 8 MHz in the UHF range of 470-862 MHz(in the VHF 174-216 MHz range the channel separation is 7 MHz). Single frequency networks can be used.
  • R net bit rate
  • DVB-T uses a Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (COFDM) multi-carrier technique with QAM, 16QAM or 64QAM carrier modulation.
  • the number of sub-carriers can be between 1705 (2 k) to 6817 (8 k).
  • Inner forward error correction coding (FEC) uses convolutional coding with rates 1 ⁇ 2, 2 ⁇ 3, 3 ⁇ 4, 5 ⁇ 6 or 7 ⁇ 8, while an outer coding scheme uses Reed-Solomon (204,188,t-8) coding.
  • Outer bit-interleaving uses convolutional interleaving of depth 0.6-3.5 msec.
  • DVB-T was developed for MPEG-2 Transport stream distribution, it is capable of carrying other types of (non-video) data.
  • DVB-T can provide a broadband, mobile wireless data transport for video, audio, data and Internet Protocol (IP) data.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • DVB-T is scalable, with cells sizes ranging from, for example, 100 km down to picocells (e.g. tens to hundreds of meters). The capacity is very large, e.g, 54 channels can be supported, each running at 5-32 Mbit/s.
  • One TS-packet is 188 (204) bytes long.
  • the symbol time can be made very long. For example, for the 8 k sub-carrier case the symbol time is on the order of 1 millisecond. A guard interval is inserted before each symbol.
  • DVB-T can be used to provide high speed data streams for other types of applications, such as interactive services, Internet access, gaming and e-commerce services.
  • applications such as interactive services, Internet access, gaming and e-commerce services.
  • a return link or channel is required from the user back to some server or other controller.
  • MediaScreenTM One example of such as a system is known as MediaScreenTM that was shown by the assignee of this patent application.
  • This device provides a LCD display screen for displaying information received from a DVB-T downlink, and includes a GSM function having a transmitter to provide the return link or channel.
  • FIG. 1 of this patent application is based on FIG. 1 of Hamacher, and shows an adjacent channel interference (ACI) scenario, with transmitter masks defined by the relevant DVB-T and UMTS standards, and the receiver filters assumed to be ideal.
  • ACI adjacent channel interference
  • the inventors have realized that a potential exists for a problem in the DVB-T receiver when an associated return channel cellular system (e.g., GSM) transmitter is operational, especially in the case where there is only a small physical separation between the two antennas (i.e., the two antennas are operating in the near field, and antenna radiation pattern filtering cannot be employed in the receiver filtering arrangement.) Furthermore, this problem is not limited to the use of GSM for the return channel, but can occur as well should a GSM voice call or a data call be made when DVB-T reception is ongoing. For example, the user might perform a digital packet access via a GSM/EDGE network to an e-mail server or a similar packet protocol system. Furthermore, a WAP communication can be made during DVB-T reception to view a schedule of television programming that is available from a WAP/WEB server.
  • GSM return channel cellular system
  • FIG. 2 The point labeled as A designates the GSM 900 MHz ⁇ 23 dBm receiver blocking level used for an in-band blocking measurement.
  • the spurious in-band blocking specification to one tone is ⁇ 23 dBm at 3 MHz, and ⁇ 31 dBm at 6 MHz. If one assumes that the GSM900 average transmitted power is +33 dBm, with reference to FIG.
  • the power seen at the input to the DVB-T receiver 14 is +27 dBm, which is more than 30 dB greater in spurious signal level than in the GSM receiver 22 .
  • the delta ( ⁇ ) indicates the more strenuous (50 DB) difference in the required DVB-T blocking requirement.
  • the DVB-T receiver sees significant GSM transmitter noise in the 8 k sub-carrier band at the upper (862 MHz) end of the DVB-T spectrum. This is an undesirable situation, as errors can be experienced in the DVB-T reception when the GSM transmitter is active.
  • a method and a device that are used for displaying wideband information to a user has a return channel made through a cellular mobile terminal (CMT) providing interactivity.
  • the device has a first antenna and a second antenna, a receiver that is coupled to the first antenna and a transmitter that is coupled to the second antenna.
  • the method includes, prior to receiving information in a symbol-wise manner with the reciever in a first band of radio frequencies, generating a notification of reception with the receiver by asserting a DVB_RX_ON signal and, in response to the notification, requesting a change of transmitter transmission frequencies from a second band of radio frequencies to a third band or radio frequencies that is predetermined to avoid interference with the reception of the information in the first band of radio frequencies.
  • the transmitter is preferably a cellular mobile terminal transmitter, and the request for a change can be made by initiating a Classmark change procedure with a cellular mobile terminal wireless network.
  • the first band of radio frequencies comprises a DVB-T 470-862 MHz reception band
  • the second band of radio frequencies comprises a GSM 880-915 MHz transmission band
  • the third band of radio frequencies comprises a higher GSM band, such as the GSM1800 MHz band or the European third generation (3G) band (UMTS, WCDMA) 1920-1980, 2110-2170 MHz band.
  • the CMT call may be rerouted from the CMT 800 MHz band to the CMT 1900 MHz band.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph taken from the prior art that shows an adjacent channel interference (ACI) scenario with interference from the DVB-T transmission band into the UMTS receive band;
  • ACI adjacent channel interference
  • FIG. 2A is a graph that is useful in understanding the problem that is solved by this invention, where co-located GSM and DVB-T antennas result in GSM 900 MHz burst energy leaking into the DVB-T receiver;
  • FIG. 2B is a graph that illustrates the benefit gained by the use of this invention, where the GSM cellular mobile terminal is switched from the GSM 900 MHz band to a higher band, such as the GSM 1800 MHz band or the 3G WCDMA band, or from the GSM 800 MHz band to the GSM 1900 MHz band, thereby widely separating the GSM transmitted return channel frequency from the DVB-T reception frequency and substantially reducing interference into the received DVB-T symbol stream;
  • a higher band such as the GSM 1800 MHz band or the 3G WCDMA band
  • GSM 800 MHz band to the GSM 1900 MHz band
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a DVB-T/cellular mobile terminal (CMT) enabled device constructed in accordance with this invention to provide a notification from the DVB-T part to the CMT part of the start of DVB-T reception, enabling the CMT part to request assignment to a different, non-interfering transmission band;
  • CMT DVB-T/cellular mobile terminal
  • FIG. 4A is a logic flow diagram that illustrates a method in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a logic flow diagram that illustrates a further method in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram that is useful in explaining the adverse effect on the received DVB-T symbol stream by the presence of GSM900 transmitted bursts.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a portable device 10 that includes a DVB-T antenna 12 , a DVB-T receiver 14 , an associated DVB-T signal processor, such as a DVB-T digital signal processor (DSP) 16 and a display 18 for displaying to a user data, such as video or Internet data, that is received from a DVB-T transmitter (not shown).
  • the device 10 also includes a cellular mobile terminal (CMT) that includes a CMT antenna 20 , a CMT RF receiver (RX) 22 , a CMT RF transmitter (TX) 24 and a CMT DSP 26 .
  • CMT cellular mobile terminal
  • the CMT DSP 26 may also be coupled to the display 18 for displaying information received from a remote CMT transmitter (not shown), or a voice communication can be routed to a headset or speaker.
  • the DVB-T system operates in the UHF range of 470-862 MHz
  • the CMT system is a multi-band GSM system capable of operation in at least two frequency bands, most typically the GSM900 MHz band and the GSM 1800 MHz band (1710-1880 MHz). In operation in the U.S.
  • the GSM 800 MHz cellular band is 824-849 MHz (TX) and 869-894 MHz (RX), and the GSM 1900 MHz cellular band is 1850-1910 MHz (TX) and 1930-1990 MHz (RX), while the U.S. digital television (ACTS) highest frequency is 806 MHz.
  • the lower end of the transmitter spectrum is at 880 MHz (see FIG. 2 A), while when operating as a GSM1800 MHz system the lower end of the transmitter spectrum is separated by a significantly larger amount from the upper end of the DVB-T reception band (see FIG. 2 B).
  • the device 10 will typically include some type of user input device 28 , such as a keypad, keyboard, mouse, or mouse emulator that provides the interactivity required for the applications of most interest to this invention.
  • user input device 28 such as a keypad, keyboard, mouse, or mouse emulator that provides the interactivity required for the applications of most interest to this invention.
  • IP data is being delivered through the DVB-T receiver 14 , 16 to the display screen 18 , and a web page is displayed, the user may interact with the web page in a conventional manner by typing in information, or pointing and clicking with a mouse or similar pointing device that comprises the user input 28 .
  • This relatively low bandwidth user input data is eventually coupled into the CMT DSP 26 (through suitable user interface I/O circuitry, as is well known) where it is formatted into a data stream that is transmitted in a burst-wise fashion, using the CMT transmitter 24 and the CMT antenna 20 , back to some server or other controller that is typically also the source of the DVB-T data stream. It is these CMT transmissions, due at least in part to the fact that the CMT antenna 20 is essentially co-located with the DVB-T antenna 12 , that results in DVB-T reception errors.
  • a data stream can also be received through CMT receiver 22 , such as packet acknowledgment messages and supervisory information. Some of the CMT-received data may also be displayed to the user on the display screen 18 .
  • circuitry may be provided, such as a microphone and speaker, for enabling normal voice calls to be made using the CMT.
  • the 577 microsecond long GSM burst is transmitted with +33 dBm power. If at the same time the DVB-T receiver 14 is attempting to receive (assuming that the antenna 12 is physically close to the antenna 20 ), then the linearity requirement of the receiver 14 becomes very demanding. If the DVB-T receiver 14 is optimized for this environment then it will consume excessive power in the normal operational mode when the GSM transmitter 24 is not on and the GSM carrier is not present.
  • the GSM900 band were to be filtered out of the DVB-T receiver 14 approximately 50 dB of filtering would be required with a 20 MHz transition. While this is comparable to what is required in the PCS1900 MHz CDMA or WCDMA band, the operation frequency (about 900 MHz) is only about one half, making the implementation even more difficult. Furthermore, about 4 dB of insertion loss is experienced when filtering in the PCS1900 MHz band, implying that even greater insertion loss would be experienced if it were attempted to filter out the GSM900 MHz band from the DVB-T receiver 14 .
  • the foregoing problems are solved by providing a signal line (DVB_RX_ON) 16 A from the DVB-T DSP 16 to the CMT DSP 26 .
  • the signal line DVB_RX_ON 16 A when asserted by the DVB DSP 16 , means that a DVB-T symbol stream is about to be received, or is expected to be received (e.g., the user has enabled the DVB-T mode, or the user has turned on the DVB-T receiver 14 ), and the DVB_RX_ON signal line 16 A preferably remains asserted during reception.
  • One received DVB-T symbol can have a duration of 1120 microseconds, about twice the duration of the GSM burst, as can be seen in FIG. 5 .
  • the GSM900 MHz burst overlays the DVB-T reception symbols and, because the GSM900 MHz burst is not synchronized to the DVB-T symbol stream, slides over the DVB-T symbol stream so that no two time-wise adjacent DVB-T symbols are impaired by the same amount.
  • the situation of FIG. 5 is avoided by a method that shifts the frequency of the GSM return channel transmissions away from the DVB-T reception band frequencies.
  • these teachings are not related solely to return channel transmissions, but apply as well when a CMT call arrives (or is originated) during television reception, as the CMT transmitter 24 is used for signalling purposes. If the call is answered, then the CMT transmitter 24 will be active for the duration of the call.
  • the DVB DSP 16 asserts the DVB_RX_ON signal line 16 A to indicate the beginning of DVB-T reception. This can be done in response to the user turning on or otherwise enabling the DVB portion of the device 10 .
  • the CMT DSP 26 detects the assertion of the DVB_RX_ON signal line 16 A and at Step C makes a determination of whether the CMT is operating in the GSM900 MHz band or in a higher band, such as the GSM1800 MHz or the 3G (e.g., WCDMA) bands. If the CMT is operating in the higher band then operation continues at Step D to establish, if not already done, the DVB-T return channel to the source of the DVB-T transmission, thereby providing the user with interactivity. That is, the return channel transmissions from the CMT transmitter 24 are sufficiently separated in frequency from the upper end of the DVB-T reception band so as to not pose a threat of interference into the DVB-T reception band.
  • Step C the CMT DSP 26 determines that the CMT is operating in the GSM900 MHz band
  • Step E the DSP 26 formats a message to the CMT network for requesting operation in the higher band.
  • This request can be made by initiating a Classmark Change procedure and by sending a Classmark Change message to the CMT network (see, for example, Section 3.4.10, Classmark Change procedure, 3G PPTS 04.18, V8.11.0 (2001-09)).
  • This procedure enables the CMT to indicate to the wireless network a change of characteristics reflected in the Classmark information element.
  • the change of characteristics is an indication of a request to move from the GSM900 MHz band to the higher band, either the GSM1800 MHz or the 3G band, depending on network type and availability.
  • Step F assumes that the network responds with permission for the Classmark change, and the CMT DSP 26 makes the change to begin operation in the higher frequency, non-interfering transmission band.
  • Control then passes to Step D to establish the DVB-T return channel to the source of the DVB-T transmission, thereby providing the user with interactivity.
  • the result is operation as reflected in FIG. 2B for the GSM1800 MHz case.
  • FIG. 4B is a logic flow diagram, similar to FIG. 4A , but for the U.S. CMT case.
  • Step C a determination is made if the CMT is operating in the CMT 800 MHz band or in a higher band, such as the CMT 1900 MHz band. If the CMT is operating in the higher band then operation continues at Step D to establish, if not already done, the DVB-T return channel to the source of the DVB-T transmission, thereby providing the user with interactivity. If at Step C the CMT DSP 26 determines that the CMT is operating in the CMT 800 MHz band, then at Step E the DSP 26 formats a message to the CMT network for requesting operation in the higher band.
  • This request can be made by initiating a Classmark Change (or equivalent) procedure and by sending a Classmark Change (or equivalent) message to the CMT network Step F assumes that the network responds with permission for the Classmark change, and the CMT DSP 26 makes the change to begin operation in the higher frequency, non-interfering CMT 1900 MHz transmission band. Control then passes to Step D to establish the DVB-T return channel to the source of the DVB-T transmission, thereby providing the user with interactivity.
  • FIG. 2B is a graph that illustrates the benefit gained by the use of this invention, where the GSM CMT transmiter 24 is switched from the GSM900 MHz band to the higher GSM band, such as the GSM1800 MHz band, thereby widely separating the GSM transmitted return channel frequency from the DVB-T reception frequency and substantially reducing interference into the received DVB-T symbol stream.
  • the GSM CMT transmiter 24 is switched from the GSM900 MHz band to the higher GSM band, such as the GSM1800 MHz band, thereby widely separating the GSM transmitted return channel frequency from the DVB-T reception frequency and substantially reducing interference into the received DVB-T symbol stream.
  • the DSP 26 may signal the DVB DSP 16 to simply not receive the DVB-T transmission, thereby avoiding the possibility of receiving corrupted data. The user may be notified of this situation by a message displayed on the display screen 18 .
  • the DVB-T DSP 16 is made aware of the occurrence of each GSM 900 MHz burst, by the assertion of a GSM_TX_ON signal line by the DSP 26 , and it ignores that part of the received DVB-T bit that overlaps with the GSM900 MHz burst. A correct symbol determination can still be accomplished, however, since the symbol detection is performed by operating a DVB-T receiver integrator over the input signal form, and then comparing the integration result to a symbol detection threshold value. In many cases the symbol detection will be accurate if the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is adequate, even though the received DVB-T waveform is not integrated over the entire symbol time of 1120 microseconds.
  • SNR signal to noise ratio
  • the teachings of this invention enable the request for Classmark Change by the CMT to be made after the start of DVB-T reception occurs, or prior to the start of DVB-T reception. In either case, therefore, there is a step of generating a notification of reception with the DVB-T receiver, i.e., the notification of reception can occur after the actual start of DVB-T reception (after the DVB-T receiver 14 is turned on or otherwise enabled for use) or prior to the actual start of DVB-T reception (before the DVB-T receiver 14 is turned on or otherwise enabled for use).
  • a single high performance DSP may be used for achieving the functionality of both the DSP 16 and the DSP 26 .
  • the DVB_RX_ON signal may be simply an internal signal or even a flag set in a register or a memory location that software that implements the CMT functionality responds to in the manner described above.
  • one may still refer to two DSPs, but the distinction is then more of a logical than a physical one.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
US10/164,176 2002-06-05 2002-06-05 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure Expired - Lifetime US6892076B2 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/164,176 US6892076B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2002-06-05 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure
AT03722960T ATE399395T1 (de) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Empfänger für dvb-t (digital video broadcast- terrestrial) mit der fähigkeit zur zusammenarbeit mit einem gsm-sender auf nichtstörende weise unter verwendung einer classmark- änderungsprozedur
DE60321789T DE60321789D1 (de) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Empfänger für dvb-t (digital video broadcast-terrestrial) mit der fähigkeit zur zusammenarbeit mit einem gsm-sender auf nichtstörende weise unter verwendung einer classmark-änderungsprozedur
CNB038160366A CN100468976C (zh) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 在使用等级改变过程的无干扰方式下能与gsm发射机共同操作的地面数字视频广播(dvb-t)接收机
US11/088,461 US7460846B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure
ES03722960T ES2307927T3 (es) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Receptor de radiodifusion de video digital terrestre (dvb-t) interoperable con un transmisor gsm de manera no interferente utilizando un procedimiento de cambio de marca de clase.
AU2003230117A AU2003230117A1 (en) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (dvb-t) receiver interoperable with a gsm transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure
PCT/IB2003/001999 WO2003105458A2 (fr) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Recepteur dvb terrestre interoperable avec un emetteur gsm, sans interference, utilisant une procedure de changement d'indicateur de classe de service
EP03722960A EP1514405B1 (fr) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Recepteur dvb terrestre interoperable avec un emetteur gsm, sans interference, utilisant une procedure de changement d'indicateur de classe de service
HK05107919A HK1074708A1 (en) 2002-06-05 2005-09-09 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial receiver interoperable with a gsm transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure

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US10/164,176 US6892076B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2002-06-05 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure

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US12/088,461 Continuation US7653501B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2005-12-26 Apparatus for determining diameter of parabolic antenna and method therefor

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US20030228892A1 US20030228892A1 (en) 2003-12-11
US6892076B2 true US6892076B2 (en) 2005-05-10

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US11/088,461 Expired - Lifetime US7460846B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2003-05-15 Digital video broadcast-terrestrial (DVB-T) receiver interoperable with a GSM transmitter in a non-interfering manner using classmark change procedure

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US (2) US6892076B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1514405B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100468976C (fr)
AT (1) ATE399395T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003230117A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60321789D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2307927T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1074708A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003105458A2 (fr)

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US20050170798A1 (en) 2005-08-04
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