US6891122B2 - Vacuum switch tubes - Google Patents

Vacuum switch tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US6891122B2
US6891122B2 US10/311,254 US31125402A US6891122B2 US 6891122 B2 US6891122 B2 US 6891122B2 US 31125402 A US31125402 A US 31125402A US 6891122 B2 US6891122 B2 US 6891122B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
ceramic
another
ceramic insulator
metal piece
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US10/311,254
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English (en)
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US20030141282A1 (en
Inventor
Roman Renz
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RENZ, ROMAN
Publication of US20030141282A1 publication Critical patent/US20030141282A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66284—Details relating to the electrical field properties of screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66292—Details relating to the use of multiple screens in vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrical switches and can be applied in the design embodiment of a vacuum switch tube, the housing of which encompasses two contact pieces, which are movable relative to one another, and which has two ceramic insulators of the same diameter arranged coaxially to one another, the two ceramic insulators being joined to one another in a vacuum-tight manner by means of a metal piece inserted between them and in the form of a switching chamber.
  • the contact pieces are so-called axial magnetic field contacts in the form of a cup, each provided with a current feed bolt and axially movable relative to one another through a specified switching travel.
  • each current feed bolt is encompassed by one of the two ceramic insulators, and cylindrical vapor shields are fixed to the metal piece joining the ceramic insulators.
  • This design of vacuum switch tubes makes it possible to make the inside diameter of the ceramic insulators smaller than the inside diameter of the switching chamber even for large diameters of the contact pieces. In this case, it is expedient to design the switching chamber to be axially divided.—A vacuum switch tube of this kind is especially suitable for use in switching systems at the medium voltage level (15 to 36 kV) (DE 197 13 478 C1).
  • the invention is based on the object of designing the vacuum switch tube so that it can also be used for high voltage purposes, i.e. for operating voltages of more than 60 kV (e.g. 72 kV, 84 kV).
  • both the first and the second ceramic insulator each has associated with it a further, similar ceramic insulator coaxial and immediately adjacent to it, the two adjacent ceramic insulators each being joined to one another in a vacuum-tight manner by means of a metal piece inserted between them, in that, furthermore, a cylindrical vapor shield is fixed to each of the inserted metal pieces and in that all vapor shields are arranged at an axial distance from one another.
  • a vacuum switch tube of this kind is distinguished by the necessary dielectric strength being achieved with a very small physical volume and it being possible to make it using the normal manufacturing facilities for medium voltage tubes.
  • the diameter of all the ceramic insulators can be chosen to be relatively small and is about 130 mm for a 72 kV tube.
  • the necessary widening of the vacuum switch tube in the area of the actual switching gap has no effect on the diameter of the ceramic insulators, as a metallic switching chamber, expediently made of copper, is used in this area. This may have a belly shape so that it can be joined in a vacuum-tight manner at its edges to the adjacent ceramic insulators in spite of their smaller diameter.
  • the inside diameter of all the ceramic insulators is at the most equal to the outside diameter of the contact pieces plus the switching travel and if the inside diameter of the metal piece, which is in the form of a switching chamber, is at the most equal to the outside diameter of the contact pieces plus twice the switching travel.
  • the relatively small diameter of the switching chamber is made possible by the use of axial magnetic field contacts for the contact pieces.
  • the new vacuum switch tube should have the capability to be used for higher voltages than 72 kV, the tube can be increased in length by the coaxial arrangement of further similar ceramic insulators and the insertion of a metal piece carrying a cylindrical vapor shield between each.
  • Vacuum switch tubes with four coaxially arranged ceramic insulators and metal parts inserted between them as well as with vapor shields fixed to the metal parts are known per se.
  • the vapor shields are designed to be conical and overlap one another in the axial direction of the tube.
  • the ceramic insulators have a relatively large diameter (U.S. Pat. No. 3,792,214 A).
  • the use of a vapor shielding system formed by three shields, which are at a floating potential, in a high voltage vacuum switch tube (72 kV) has also become known.
  • the ceramic insulators have a relatively large diameter of 230 mm (IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems Journal, Vol. PAS-99, No. 2 March/April 1980, Pages 658 to 666).
  • the vacuum switch tube 1 shown in the FIGURE has a contact arrangement which comprises the axially movable contact piece 2 and the fixed contact piece 3 , these contact pieces being provided with current feed bolts 4 and 5 respectively.
  • the contact pieces 2 and 3 are in the form of cup-shaped axial magnetic field contacts in a manner, which is known per se (EP 0 155 376 C1).
  • a vacuum-tight housing 6 which comprises a metallic switching chamber 67 , which surrounds the contact pieces, ceramic insulators 64 and 63 , connected at the top, and a cover plate 61 , as well as ceramic insulators 65 and 66 , connected at the bottom, and a cover plate 62 . Furthermore, a bellows 68 , which is arranged between the current feed bolts 4 of the movable contact piece 2 and the end plate 61 is part of the housing.
  • the housing is also joined to shields 70 and 73 , which are fixed to the edges of the switching chamber 67 , as well as shields 72 and 75 , which are incorporated into the vacuum-tight joint between the ceramic insulator 63 and the end plate 61 and between the end plate 62 and the ceramic insulator 66 respectively and, finally, shields 71 and 74 , which are fixed to ring-shaped metal pieces 76 , 77 , which are arranged between two mutually adjacent ceramic insulators in each case.
  • the mutually adjacent parts of the housing are soldered to one another and to the two current feed bolts in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the vapor shields 70 to 75 each have a cylindrical shape and have folded edges.
  • the vapor shields, which, in each case, are associated with two ceramic insulators, are arranged in an axially staggered manner so that gaps A 1 and A 2 are produced between them.
  • a switching travel S is provided for the movable contact piece 2 and, for a vacuum switch tube for 72 kV, is about 40 mm.
  • the ceramic insulators 63 to 66 have the same diameter D 2 and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are also the same length as one another. They can, however, also be of different lengths.—In comparison to the outside diameter D 1 of the contact pieces, the inside diameter D 2 of the ceramic insulators is less than the outside diameter D 1 of the contact pieces plus the switching travel S.—The inside diameter D 3 of the switching chamber 67 does not need to be greater than the outside diameter D 1 of the contact pieces plus twice the switching travel S.
  • the metal parts and ceramic insulators forming the housing can be designed and arranged so that all the soldered joints relating to the housing of the vacuum switch chambers are made in one operation, whereby it is possible to dispense with the use of a pump stem for the evacuation of the tube. This has a positive effect on the dielectric strength of the tube.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
US10/311,254 2000-06-16 2001-06-08 Vacuum switch tubes Expired - Lifetime US6891122B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10029763A DE10029763B4 (de) 2000-06-16 2000-06-16 Vakuumschaltröhre
DE10029763.3 2000-06-16
PCT/DE2001/002187 WO2001097242A1 (de) 2000-06-16 2001-06-08 Vakuumschaltröhre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030141282A1 US20030141282A1 (en) 2003-07-31
US6891122B2 true US6891122B2 (en) 2005-05-10

Family

ID=7646007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/311,254 Expired - Lifetime US6891122B2 (en) 2000-06-16 2001-06-08 Vacuum switch tubes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6891122B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1290707B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2004503904A (de)
CN (1) CN1204581C (de)
DE (2) DE10029763B4 (de)
WO (1) WO2001097242A1 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070007250A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-11 Eaton Corporation Sealing edge cross-sectional profiles to allow brazing of metal parts directly to a metallized ceramic for vacuum interrupter envelope construction
US20130062316A1 (en) * 2009-07-06 2013-03-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum interrupter
US20130092659A1 (en) * 2010-01-20 2013-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum switch tube
US20170213675A1 (en) * 2014-07-17 2017-07-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric Switching Device For Medium and/or High-Voltage Uses
US20170287659A1 (en) * 2016-04-05 2017-10-05 Lsis Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter for a vacuum circuit breaker
US20200027673A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2020-01-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Insulation Arrangement for a High or Medium Voltage Assembly
US11342142B2 (en) * 2017-12-11 2022-05-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Shield element for a vacuum interrupter
US11756756B2 (en) * 2021-02-25 2023-09-12 S&C Electric Company Vacuum interrupter with double live shield

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6916564B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2005-07-12 Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. High-efficiency fuel cell power system with power generating expander
FR2887683A1 (fr) 2005-06-28 2006-12-29 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Ampoule a vide pour un appareil de protection electrique tel un interrupteur ou un disjoncteur
US8039771B2 (en) * 2008-08-11 2011-10-18 Eaton Corporation Vacuum envelope including self-aligning end shield, vacuum interrupter, vacuum circuit interrupter and method including the same
DE102012221844A1 (de) 2012-11-29 2014-06-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltkontakt für Vakuumschaltröhren
US9875869B2 (en) * 2014-10-13 2018-01-23 Eaton Corporation Composite arc shields for vacuum interrupters and methods for forming same
DE102015213738A1 (de) 2015-07-21 2017-01-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Energietechnische Komponente, insbesondere Vakuumschaltröhre
DE102016214750A1 (de) * 2016-05-19 2017-11-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Isolators

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185797A (en) * 1962-07-17 1965-05-25 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with improved arc splitting means
US3185800A (en) * 1963-02-18 1965-05-25 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter with improved vapor-condensing shielding
US3792214A (en) 1972-01-28 1974-02-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum interrupter for high voltage application
US3903386A (en) * 1973-02-16 1975-09-02 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vacuum circuit breaker assembly
US4006331A (en) * 1975-08-27 1977-02-01 General Electric Company Vacuum interrupter for high voltage applications
US4135071A (en) * 1976-03-17 1979-01-16 General Electric Company Vacuum circuit interrupter with disc-shaped beryllium contacts
GB2055250A (en) 1979-07-23 1981-02-25 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vaccum power interrupters
EP0155376A1 (de) 1984-02-27 1985-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktanordnung für Vakuumschalter
US5313030A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-05-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum switch
DE19713478C1 (de) 1997-03-18 1998-04-09 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre mit einem zwischen zwei Isolatoren angeordneten metallenen Gehäuseteil

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19756308C1 (de) * 1997-12-12 1999-03-25 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter, insbesondere für Hochspannung

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185797A (en) * 1962-07-17 1965-05-25 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with improved arc splitting means
US3185800A (en) * 1963-02-18 1965-05-25 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter with improved vapor-condensing shielding
US3792214A (en) 1972-01-28 1974-02-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum interrupter for high voltage application
US3903386A (en) * 1973-02-16 1975-09-02 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vacuum circuit breaker assembly
US4006331A (en) * 1975-08-27 1977-02-01 General Electric Company Vacuum interrupter for high voltage applications
US4135071A (en) * 1976-03-17 1979-01-16 General Electric Company Vacuum circuit interrupter with disc-shaped beryllium contacts
GB2055250A (en) 1979-07-23 1981-02-25 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vaccum power interrupters
US4361742A (en) * 1979-07-23 1982-11-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum power interrupter
EP0155376A1 (de) 1984-02-27 1985-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktanordnung für Vakuumschalter
US4620074A (en) 1984-02-27 1986-10-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for vacuum switches
US5313030A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-05-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum switch
DE19713478C1 (de) 1997-03-18 1998-04-09 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre mit einem zwischen zwei Isolatoren angeordneten metallenen Gehäuseteil

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-99, No. 2, Mar./Apr. 1980, pp. 658-666.

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070007250A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-11 Eaton Corporation Sealing edge cross-sectional profiles to allow brazing of metal parts directly to a metallized ceramic for vacuum interrupter envelope construction
US20130062316A1 (en) * 2009-07-06 2013-03-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum interrupter
US8847097B2 (en) * 2009-07-06 2014-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum interrupter
US20130092659A1 (en) * 2010-01-20 2013-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum switch tube
US9123490B2 (en) * 2010-01-20 2015-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum switch tube
US10102989B2 (en) * 2014-07-17 2018-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric switching device for medium and/or high-voltage uses
US20170213675A1 (en) * 2014-07-17 2017-07-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric Switching Device For Medium and/or High-Voltage Uses
US20170287659A1 (en) * 2016-04-05 2017-10-05 Lsis Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter for a vacuum circuit breaker
US9972466B2 (en) * 2016-04-05 2018-05-15 Lsis Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter for a vacuum circuit breaker
US20200027673A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2020-01-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Insulation Arrangement for a High or Medium Voltage Assembly
US10930454B2 (en) * 2017-01-27 2021-02-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Insulation arrangement for a high or medium voltage assembly
US11342142B2 (en) * 2017-12-11 2022-05-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Shield element for a vacuum interrupter
US11756756B2 (en) * 2021-02-25 2023-09-12 S&C Electric Company Vacuum interrupter with double live shield

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1432183A (zh) 2003-07-23
DE10029763A1 (de) 2002-01-03
CN1204581C (zh) 2005-06-01
DE50112011D1 (de) 2007-03-22
EP1290707B1 (de) 2007-02-07
JP2004503904A (ja) 2004-02-05
US20030141282A1 (en) 2003-07-31
WO2001097242A1 (de) 2001-12-20
EP1290707A1 (de) 2003-03-12
DE10029763B4 (de) 2009-01-15

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