US687448A

US687448A - Automatic gun.

Info

Publication number: US687448A
Application number: US3291400A
Authority: US
Inventors: Andrew Burgess
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1900-10-13
Filing date: 1900-10-13
Publication date: 1901-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 1918-11-26

Description

Patented Nov. 26, IQOI.

nvento A. BunGEss. AUTUMATIC GUN.-

(Appucation med oct. 1s, 1900.)

(No Model.)

628% t nneooco NrrED TATES ANDREW BURGESS, oF owEoo, NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.- 68'7,448, dated November 26, 1901. Application ined october 13,1900. Seriana. 32,914. (roman.)

To @Z5 whom it may concern:

Beit known that LANDREW BURGESSJesid ing at Owego, in the county of Tioga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Guns, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the ac' powerful in action, so that -the shells are thrown out of the way of the infeeding cartridge; also, toplace the cartridge-feed quite fully under control of the barrel movement, and also to improve the constructions and combinations of various parts of the mechanism of guns of this class.

Figure 1 is a Vertical longitudinal section of a pistol embodying the structuresA of my present invention. Fig. 2, is' a broken section of the same with some partsin different position. Fig. 3 is a broken cross-section on line 3 3 looking towardthe breech. Fig. 4is a broken cross-section on line 4 4 looking toward the muzzle. Fig. 5 is a detail plan or diagram of a part ofthe barrel, striker, ejector, and a cartridge in position for vloading and showing part of magazine in'dotted lines. Fig. 6 shows tumbler, trigger, and dog, partly in section and part in elevation, detached. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the upper portion of a magazine modification.

The frame 1 is-of any suitable construction to support the working parts and is preferably of vmetal. The barrel 2 is housed in a generally-cylindrical bore in the frame and has a shoulder 3j, against which a coiled spring 4 bears tohold or press the barrel back. The front end of the spring 4 rests against a ring 5, at least as thick as the shoulder 3, which ring is preferably held in place by pins 6 6, which pass through the frame from side to side. The barrel 2 slides through the ring 5 as it reciprocates. A muzzle-piece 7 is screwed or otherwise attached to the barrelin front of the ring 5 Iand closes over the casing, as shown. VBy grasping the muzzle-piece 7 the barrel can be drawn forward, compressing the spring 4 be- J.

tween the shoulder 3 and ring 5. By remove ing the pins 6 the barrel, ring 5, and spring 4 can be drawn forward out of the frame.

The cartridges are contained in a magazine 10, which magazine in a pistol is inside the stock or handle 11. The magazine shown is what is known as a .boX-magazine, in which the cartridges lie side by side, being lifted by a spring `12 and follower 13, as is common; but in addition to the follower which lifts the cartridges the magazine has an uplift and has retaining-wings, so that the top cartridge is held bythe wings of the magazine in position for the barrel to move back and inclose the cartridge and at the same time depress the magazine.

The magazine 10 has wings or spring-jaws 15 projecting fr'om its upper portion, which wings or spring-jaws'embrace the rear portion of the top cartridge under normal con ditions. The front ends of these wings are in'- clined, as indicated,r and the rear end of the barrel is conical or wedge-shaped. Now assuming the'barrel to be drawn forward, as by a pull on the muzzle-piece 7, and the upper part of the magazine lifted by its spring so that the top cartridge is directly behind the barrel, the release of the barrel permits the strong spring 4- to force back the barrel, the cartridge then entering into the Lbarrel and the barrel by its wedging action onthe ends of the wings y15 spreading the wings to release the top cartridge and at the same time forcing down thetop of the magazine with its wings expanded, so that the next cartridge comes within the Wings and is in position to be lifted for a repetition of the movement. The upward movement of the magazine is stopped by an abutment-screw 14 in the form shown in Fig. 1. In the telescopic magazine shown in Fig. 7 the hooks 14a serve the same purpose-to limit the rise of the wings 15.

The magazine 10, which Ais Within a recess in the stock or frame, is supported by-a' lever 16, hung in the frame 1 and pressed up'by a spring 17. (See dottedlines, Fig. 1.) The lever 16 may be turned back for the insertion of the magazine, and when turned forward IOO ' under the magazine tends to lift the same the magazine is depressed by the backward movement of 4the barrel, as explained. As a modilication -thewings may be on --a telescopic extension 10a of the' magazine.

In such vcase Y the magazine; spring 12 will raise the follower 13 andthe cartridges there` on, and as the wings 15 will prevent the es-y cape of the top cartridge this cartridge will be lifted, and the section 10a withl it, so far 'as the telescopic movementpermits,the magaf zine-spring l2 insuch case actingto' lift both the cartridges and the Wings 15, which hold the top cartridgein line withl the barrel.

In anyr construction the object of the magazine is to present the top cartridge in the magazine in position to be inclosed by the barrel in its backward movement,ahd it is'not very material what the position of the other cartridges may be at the instant the barrel closes o n this top cartridge. So whether the entire magazine be lifted by the spring 17 and lever.16 to the position the magazine would occupy above the `dotted position of the lever 16 in Fig. 1 when the barrel is forward orwhether only the telescopic top portion of the magazine rises, as indicated :inv

Fig. 7, that. part which carries the wings will be -retired downwardly by the backward movement-of the barrel when it closes over the cartridge. If the wings are on a telescopic section of the magazine and the maga- .zine is itself held up by the lever 16, then the whole magazinewill retire downward or only the telescopic section, according to the preponderance of power of the two springs 12 or 17, and when the follower-spring 12 has become extended, so as to have small lifting power, the spring 17 will reinforce it to the extent of lifting 'the entire magazine an amount equal to the diameter of a cartridge, thus relieving the follower-spring 12 to that extent.

Both the magazine-lifting spring-actuated lever 16 and the telescopic extension 10a may be'used in the same construction, so that the resilience of both springs is available to lift the magazine-wings. The lever 16 is a convenient means for holding the magazine in the frame.

The cartridge when iuclosed in ihebarrel, as in Fig. 1, (the magazine being depressed,) and resting against the recoil-shield 20 can be fired by mechanism to be described. When fired, the barrel is held back only by its own inertia and by the pressure. of springs 4 and 35. These are overcome by the gas-pressure or by the friction of `the bullet in the barrel, and the barrel is carried forward until the spring a, by its compression against the ring 5, actsas a stop to prevent the further for ward movement. The cartridge-shell a is held back against the-recoil-shield 20.by the eX- tractor-hook 21. rlhis hook 21, as shown in Fig. 5, is pressed over the cartridge-Hange by est, 44's alight spring 222;I but a spring-hook would thecartridge prevents the shell from moving forward. "A sliding ejector 23 in the side of the frame 'opposite the extractor has a shoulder 24F in rear of the cartridge-dange. A'hook 25 at the front ofy this ejector is engaged by a projection 26 on the barrel when the barrel has moved well forward. The projection 26 is shown as a screw and is removable. The barrel moving forward smartly causes this projection to strikev a quick blowon the ejector. This moves the ejector suddenly forward andthrows the shell sidewise out of the hook 21 in a manner common, except that the ejector moves instead of the extractor. When the barrel moves back under the impulse of its spring 4, it inclosesthe next-succeeding cartridge, which meantime has risen with the wings 15. The ejector 23 can be returned .backward by a spring 28, so as not to obstruct the rise of the succeeding cartridge. The r`backward movement of the barrel will bring its rear .end into engagement with the shoulder 29 on the ejector and so push back the ejector should the spring 28 have failed 'wings 15 yielding to permit such feed.

The firing mechanism preferably employed has special relation to the automatic movement. The firing-pin 30 is connected to a bar 3l, which extends forward and is pivotally connected to atumbler 32. is pivoted on the pin 33 and has notches with which the trigger' and sear'engage.

Thev tumbler 32 will always be rocked from the position of Fig. 1 to about the position of Fig. 2 when the barrel is drawn forward for the purpose of lloading the gun, (unless, of course, the tumbler be already so rocked.) This isdone by the engagement of the notch 46 in the barrel with the hook 4.5 on the tunibler. The sear tlwill normally then engage the tumbler and hold it cocked. To reach the safety position of Fig. 1, the tumbler must have been released and let down in much the The tumbler 32 v TOO IIO

same manner that the hammer of a self-cockwhich fornl'the tumbler, 'although this is not4 essential. The mainspring 35 rocks the tumj ble'r on the pin 33, and this draws on the bar.V

i end of the dog 36 against the lower end of the influence of the mainspring.

4The trigger 34 carries a pawl or dog 36, which extends iush with the. sides of the tumbler and is pressed by the spring 37 so that 31 and pin 30 when the tumbler is left-under itsl nose has engagement with the .cookingnotch of the tumbler, as shown i-n Fig. 1. A backward pull on the trigger when the parts are in the position of Fig. 1 carries lthe lower upper armof said 'foil and prevents the foil from rocking on its pivot.- When the trigger I is pulled and the foil thus held rigid, the dog zo o, 'its rear lower surface with the lower arm of or pawl 36 is tripped by the engagement of .the foil. The nose of `the dog is thus released from the tumbler. Simultaneously the Aseal- 41 is released fromfthe tumbler by the .lrock the tumbler, drawing on the bar 3l and firing-pin 30, to fire the cartridge. It the barvrelbe not in its rearmost position, no pull o'n .sufficient resistance to the dog 36 to trip said thetrigger can release the tumbler, because rthe foil not being held rigidly by the pin 26 willrock freely, and therefore will not afford full-cock notch of the tumbler by the nose 42- 'of the trigger engaging said sear when the l trigger has about reached the limitof its pull.

The nose 42 of the trigger, as illustrated, ex-v tends far enough downward to make this contact or to prevent the sear 41 from engaging the full-cock notch of the tumbler when the A trigger is pulled toits extreme position. The pull of the trigger will release the sear, and this will permit the tumbler to rock and operate the firing-pin if the dog 36 has been released from the tumbler, 'but not otherwise. The sear`41 is pressed against the tumbler by the scar-spring 22.

A trigger-spring 44 serves to rock the trig-v ger forward into position for a second pull; but when the trigger has been pulled to release the sear (a little beyond the position of Fig. 2) the tumbler will rock and draw forward on'the firing-pin through the bar 3l.v The lower end of the bar 31 at the extreme forward movementof said bar strikes therear side of the trigger lwith a blow sufficient to throwv the trigger and the finger pulling the trigger forward unless the ltrigger be held `quite firmly. This forward impulse enables 12 5 engagement of the trigger with such sear, as,4 l will be explained. Then the mainsprin g will the user of the gun to release his pressure on the trigger quickly enough to avoid a second shot, if 'he desires to do so. Otherwise by holding the trigger to the rear the sear 41 is kept out of engagement with the tumbler 32. The dog 36 engages its notch in the tumbler when the'barrel is forward by theaction of the spring 37; but when the projection 26 on, the barrel strikes the upper end of the foil 40 on the backward movement of the barrel theA foil 40 trips the dog and so releases the tumbler. When the-tumbler swings on the pin 33 under the influence of the mainspring 35, the hook 45 ot' the tumbler swings into the notch 46 of the barrel. It the barrel be not back into safe rin g position, this cannot take place; but when the hook 45 does swing into the notch the next forward movement of the barrel will rock the tumbler to cocked position, and the tiring can then continue,unde'r control of thetrigger, as long as there-are cartridges in the magazine. Thus, as in other automatic guns,'the ring of the first cartridge furnishes power to load, cockthe arm, and eject the shells, the trigger acting merely as a trip to control the instant of firing; but

if by reason of defective ammunition or other- -wise the barrel remains forward an unusual -timelstill the ring Imechanism cannot have been released r the gun uncooked by the trigger action during such interval;

While I have shown the mechanism as applied to a pistol, it is applicable to other guns. The invention is not confined to the precise mechanism illustrated, but is believed to be as broad as the claims herein.

`Vlhat I'claim is- 1. In a gun as described, the barrel carried in a cylindrical recess in the casing, a muzzle` piece secured to the front end of the barrel and closing over the casing, a ring secured to the casing by a transverse vpiu and surrounding the barrel, and a spring interposed between a shoulder onsthe barrel and said'ring, whereby the removal of the pin enables, the ring, barrel, and spring to be drawn forward out of the casing, substantially as described.

2. In a gun as described, a box-magazine extending upward into proximity with the rear part of the barrel and provided at its upper portion with wings or spring-jaws inclined at their front, and means for lifting a cartridge from below-into said jaws and means for lifting the magazine and jaws, and a lon-l gitudinally-reciprocating barrel which in its rearward movement engages the incline of said wings and depresses the wings and magazine 'while inclosing the top cartridge of the magazine.

3. In a gun as described, a box-magazine carrying spring-jaws, means to raise said jaws and a cartridge therein, said jaws being inclined at the front, and a reciprocating barrel inclined at the rear, to engage and re` lease the jaws while inclosing the cartridge.

4. In a gun as described, a box-magazine in proximity to the rear end of the barrel,

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spring-jaws or wings connected to4 said magazineto embrace the Iirst cartridge, a spring bearing the jaws forward toward the loading position, and a reciprocating barrel acting on said jaws to move them with thesection of the magazine to` which they are attached, from their advanced position,all combined su bstantially as described.

5. A gunhaving a longitudinally-recipro 'catingbarreh provided with an incline, a magazine under the rear end of said barrel a telescopic extension of said magazine having in- "clined spring-jaws at its upper endl', and a springfor lifting said extension and jaws, and for lifting the cartridges into the jaws, whereby the barrel movement by the barrel-inclineA engaging said jaws depresses the jaw portion of the magazine, all combined.'

6. In a gun as described, a boxllmagazne,

means for lifting a cartridge therein, springjaws connected to the mouth of the magazine,-

a springfollowe1j adapted to lift said jaws,Y

and a spring bearing on the magazineto lift'L the same, combined with a reci procatiu g barrel which acts on said jaws to depress the same, substantially as described.

7. In a magazine-gun, the combination with the stock having a recess therein, of a springpressed piece pivoted in the frame and bearing on t-he bottom of the magazine to press the same upward in the frame, audmovable around the pivot to permit removal and vinsertion of the magazine.

t 8. In a gun,'the combination of a recipro- 'eating barrel, an extractorhook fixed againstv longitudinal movement with relation to the frame, a sliding ejector having a shoulderbehnd the cartridge, a projection on the-barrel engaging said barl to throw out the shell,

and a spring pressing the ejector-bar length-` wise of the frame to return said ejector-bar, all substantially as described.

9. In an automatic gun having a reciprocating barrel and means for feeding cartridges, a pivoted tumbler having engagements-with the barrel when in rearposition to be rocked as the barrel moves forward, airing pin and' bar pivotally connected to said tumbler, and means for holding the tumbler cocked, all combined. v

10. In an automatic gun, the combination of a tumbler and riu g mechanism connected thereto, a trigger-and a dog carried thereby the firing-pin bar,

' in presence of two in position to engage said tumbler, and an' interposed foil engaged by the barrelto act on the dog and make thepull of the trigger ei'ective oniy when the barrel is in' closed position, substantially as described.

' 11. In an automatic gun, the ,combination ofa reciprocating barrel, av pivoted tumbler engaged thereby to be. cocked by the forward movement of the barrel,- asear engaging the movement thereof, a firing pin and bar conknectedto the tumbler, atrigger carrying 'a spring-dog to vengage a notch in the tumbler,

au interposed foil acting on said dog when sustained by the scribed. f l

1 3. In an automatic gun, the combination of the reciprocating barrel, the pivoted tumbler having hook engagement with the .barrel as described, the trigger hung on the tumbler-pivot and carrying-a spring-dog in position to engage a notch in the tumbler, and a pivoted foil, engaged by a projection on the barrel andri-gidly held in position for engagement by the dog when so held,'but yielding under other conditions, s ubstantiallyas described.

14. Iufa-gun as described, the reciprocating barrel-,'apivotedtumbler and mainspring,

and a trigger bier, said trigger having a dog to engage the tum- Iin the line of the blow of so as to be thrown forward held with suicient force to thereby'unle'ss' all combined substantially resist such blow,

as described.

' In testimony whereof Iafix my signature witnesses.

ANDREW BURGESS.

Vitnesses:

CEAS. E. RIORDON, CHAs. K.' DAvIEs.

barrel, vand a sear engagingy the tumbler in position to be releasedby the. trigger, allcombined substantially' as de@ l n 8o vwith the barrel lto be rockedA by the forward Afiring pin and bar connected to said tumbler,

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