US68653A - bobbins - Google Patents

Description

" E. Y. ROBBINS.

\ Y Fireplace.

No. 68,653. Patented Sept. 10,1867.

W Losses; Y lulw@ elfe @uiten rates geteilt @time EDWARD Y. nonniNs, or CINCINNATI,

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Letters Patent No. 68,653, lated September 10, 1867.

PIRE-PLACE.

TO WHOM IT MAY CONGERN:

Be known that I, EDWARD Y. RoBnINs, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fire-Places and Grates thereforyand I hereby declare the following' to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making a part of this specication.

In the following specification Iuse the word grate to indicate lwhat is commonly called the fire-basket, that is. the combination of bars which hold the fuel.

The nature of my improvement consists mainly in giving to the grate such shape that while the fuel is spread out into a very large and high vertical or front surface, with but little depth from the grate-bars backward .to the brick tire-back, yet by giving a peculiar shape to the front of the grate, a mutual cross `radiation'is secured from one part of the front surface to another, by which the main front of thc fuel is kept highly incandescent, and made to radiate much heat into the room; also, in so arranging the whole as to facilitate the cleaning of the grate,iand to prevent ashes from dying into the room; also in utilizing the warmth of the brickfire-back behind in a healthful way.

Figure 1 is a. section from front to back of a iire-plziceembodying my invention. Figure 2 is a horizontal section at the line :e rc. l Figure 3 is a perspective view of one-half of -my tipping canopy. Figures 4 and 5 are a perspective view and avertical section of aI modification ot"myiiire-place. Figure 6, A, B, and C, represent further modifications thereof.

In general I make the main front of the grate D nearly in the shape of the inner surface of the section of l a cylinder, the cylinder being Veither circular or elliptical, or otherwise eccentric, and theposition of the cylinder being nearly or quite perpendicular to the horizon. In certain cases, as in warming churches andcertain other rooms, it may be best to elevate the grate a-considerable distance above the floor.V In these cases, that the radiation may be more directly downward upon the floor, the grate should notonly be curved into a concave shape in its horizontalsections, but also in-its vertical sections, (see figs. 4 and 5,) that is, its front `surface should be somewhat in the shape ofthe inner surface of the section ola sphere or of a `spheroid;d or several of` the lower bars may be placed one above the other, and those still higher gradually brought forward,`so that the front line of a vertical section ofthe grate shall run nearly perpendicular for some inches upward from the bottom, and then curve forward Inore and more to the top, so that from that part of the grate nearest tothe floor the rays of heat will be thrown out nearly horizontally, while those from the upper parts will be thrown more and more downward upon the door, as the relative altitude of each part requires, or the front of the grate may be made nearly in the form of the inner surface of a` cone or ofV a wedge, (see B, Iig. 6,) or of Ythe inner surfaceof three or more sides of a cube, (see C, g. 5.) rIhe shape of the grate may be varied'more or less from -the mathematical exactness of the several shapes or figures above mentioned. i

In warming very large rooms the grate may consist of a series of concavities-or recesses of any of the above shapes placed side by side; or any similar shape may be used which shall produce the desired elect by `substam tially the same means, the object boing so to arrange the diierent parts of the grate withregard to each other that the different parts of the main front of the fuel shall be placed so in opposition or inclination to each other that the cross radiation from one part of the front ire surface to another, asl'rom il? to Z/ and from yf to fd, shall keep the front surface of the fuel brightly incandescent.

Another important purpose and elect of this shape of grate is that it forms a channel of draught for smoke and ashes entirely within the irc-place, and running entirely up the front of the grate from bottom to top, so

that the smoke, and the dust which rise from falling ashes, and which must rise in front of the grateebars whatl ever the shape of these bars` and ofthe front of the grate may be, are not projected into `the room, but having a channel and passage within and back of the plane of the jambs and arch of the mantel, rise up under and intoY the ue. Moreover the shape of this channel being concave or cylindrical, with the burning fuel on three sides ci' it, or rather forming three sides of it, is such, and the heat is such, as to creatca strong draught which draws up the dust and smoke. A further advantage is that female dress is not so likely to be brought against or upon the re, causing painful or fatal accidents, as with other grates, The brick freback O is 'so shaped cassa 2 and arranged in reference to and in combination with the grate, that the depth of coallm'easured-from the gratebars backward perpendicular to the brick ire-back, shall be very small, say four, (4,) five, (5,) or six (6) inches, more or less. The grate is lalso made-unusually high, and the coal is thus thrown or spread into a very large vertical or front surface, -with little depth backward, so little that with the ordinary shape and altitude of gratos 1 the fuel would scarcelyburn; yet by this peculiar shape, giving mutual radiations from one part of the front of the fuel to another, the front of the tire is kept bright. Thus,` a given amount of fuel has a larger as well as a brighter front or radiating surface than the same quantity of fuel would have in other gratos.4 This great height and shallow horizontal depth may bc given whatever shape the front of the grate may have. Over the back part of the fire, and extending forward to within a few inches of the arch of mantel I place a canopy, E, either straight or concave below. On the front edge of this canopy may be'placed a iiange or rim, F, extending downward, so that thc smoke and hot gases must not only come forward, but also descend somewhat under the dipping rim or flange before they finally ascend the chimney. l The canopy, when made either straight or concave below, either with or without the dipping rim or flange, may be. made to turn upon two pivots, G, at the ends, or other similar device, or a section of it may be made so to turn that when the fire is first kindled, or when the ashes are being cleaned out,rthe whole canopy, or thc movable section or panel of it, may be tipped un behind, thus'opening' a more direct y.draught up the chimney. Behind the vbrick lire-bach there may be a warm-air space, H, built if desired, and a -passage of communication may be made between thisair-space and tile room by loosening the ordinary iron frame I, which immediately surrounds the frec space, and setting it outa few inches from the general face of the mantel, filling up the space so left by open iron fret-work or other open device, J. The bottom K of the grate is'cast separate from the front, and is fastened behind with a hook or hinge, L, and held up at the front ends to the front part of the grate by means of hooks'or buttons M turning on rivets, or by pins; and when the grate is .to be cleaned out these supports are turned or withdrawn and the front ends ofthe bottom of the grate allowed to drop, or the supports may be fixed, and the grate-bottom itself movable, so as to be released from these supports and to drop by being pushed back or shifted sidewisc. The front bars N are bevelled, mainly on the upper side, so as'to make the upper surfaces slope rapidly down` ward and forward to prevent the ashes from accumulating or lying upon them, and to permit a more unrestricted radiation outward and downward on to the floor of the room. The fender, and the frame which immediately surrounds the fire-space, and the entire front of the mantel, may, if desired, be made curved, so as to correspond in general shape to the shape of the grate itself.

I claim herein as new, and of my invention` 5 1. I claim making the general front of the grate concave throughout its height, so as to form a highly heated channel of draughtifor smoke andf the 4dust of ashes, entirely within the tire-place and up through the entire height of the grate, and Valso to secure cross radiation for the purpose of keeping the front of the fire bright, substantially as sot forth. p

2. I claim a grate,`composed of or containing a series of two ormo're 'such concavities or recesses.

3. I claim, in certain eases, constructing the grate concave in the front lines of its vertical as well of its horizontal sections, for the purpose of securing a greater amount of cross radiation, z'. e., up and down as well as from side'to side, thus increasing the brilliancy and incandescence of the front of` the fire, and causing it to radiate more heat into the room, substantially as above set forth. g

4. In combination with a grate with its main front. shaped into vsuch a recess or recesses, I claim making the fire-back parallel or nearly parallel with the Ygeneral front'of the grate, substantially as above set forth.

5. In combination with 'aigrate of the above shape, and set as above described, with shallow coal-'space from Vthe front bars backward to the brick fire-back, I claim the use of a canopy, either horizontal oi' arched, over the back part of the fire and coming forward to within -a few inches of theareh of thc lire-place or mantel. In testimony of whicli invention I hereunto set my hand. p v

` E. Y. ROBBINS.

` Witnesses:

Guo. H. KNIGnr, JAMns H, LAYMAN.

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