US681274A - Apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matters. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 68|,274. Patented Aug. 27, |90I. J. C. W. STANLEY.

APPARATUS FOR BITEACHING DLIEAGINOUSXMATTERS.

[Application filed Feb. 26, 1901.)

(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet Il @l Patented Aug. 27, |90I.

No; 6s|,2'74.

. J. c. w. STANLEY.

APPARATUS FOR BLEACHING OLEAGINOUS MATTERS.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

111111111111'II'IIIIIIl/m Qvilnesoea UNITED 'STATES PATENT I OFFICE.

JOHN CHARLES WILL-IAM STANLEY, OF LONDON. ENGLAND.4

APPARATUS FOR BLEACHING OLEAGINOUS MATTERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 681,274, dated August 27, 1901. Application filed February 26, 1901. Serial No. 48,986. (No modal.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY, a subject of the King of England, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Bleaching Oleaginous Matters, of which the following is a specification.l

This invention relates to apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matter, by which term I intend to include all vegetable, fish, and animal oils and greases, and the apparatus may also be employed to bleach waxes.

The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus in which the oleaginous matter or melted wax is continuously circulated in a thin film over transparent surf-aces,and thereby subjected to the action of light until the] bleaching is accomplished.

The invention also contemplates in some cases the subjecting of the films of certain oils while flowing over the transparent surfaces to the action of air under pressure for a purpose to be hereinafter fully described.

The process ofbleaching by my apparatus may be carried on continuously day and night, it being intended to use articial light whenever necessary. A

. The process which this apparatus is designed to carry out forms the subject-matter of another application' iled by me July 28, 190D, Seriali'No. 25,175.

The invention will be fully described hereinafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of anlappa-- ratus constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a fan-tail distributes.; Fig-4 isa sectionaldeel.

tail, on enlarged scale, showing the means for* discharging water against the outer face of `the transparent surfaces and a modified form b are supported one'or more bleaching-chambers 0, three being shown; but more or less` may be employed. These chambers yare pref- .erably polygon l in horizontal section and each is formed o a series of vertical posts 10, which are grooved longitudinally, as indicated at 11, to receive panes of glass or other transparent material 12. 'lhe posts will be connected together at their upper andlower ends by frames 13 and a cover 14 will it over the top air tight. The lower ends of the chambers C may also be provided withairtight covers or, as shown, the lower frames 13 *may rest directly upon the cover blof the tank; but in the latter case provisiou'must 'be made to insure fluid-tight joints between such frames and the cover b. j

Above the bleaching-chambers C atank D is supported, and this tank D is connected to the tank Aby a pipe f, a pump F being interposed in such pipe for the purpose of pumpthe tank D. Each of the bleaching-chambers which extends around the chamber just bevided with a cock 15, and the pipes will be so larranged as to distribute the oleaginous matdistance into said chambers and thetank. ,Each pipe h is provided with va valve h', the stem of whichfwill'extend through the side `of the tank in order that such valves may be operated from the outside. The intention is to `so control the discharge of oleaginous matter -from the bleaching-chambers that the up-7 pero ends of the pipes h may, during Athe low the top cover, and a series of pipes g lead from the tank D through the covers 14 to discharge into said troughs. Each pipe gis pro-.j

ter to all parts of the pipes or troughs Gr, and` the amount supplied may be regtlated by the, j

cocks 15'. A series of fantail/distributers 16 ing the oleaginous matter from the tank A to is provided with an interior pipe or' trough G,

ffrom the bleaching-chambers to the tank A,I j II provide each chamber with y a plurality of 4 'pipes h, which are supported by the cover b in afluid-tight manner and project a-short IOO blieachingoperation, bebelow a body of such oleaginous matter in the lower ends of the bleaching-chambers. Other valved pipes 7a may also be provided, whose upper, ends will bc {iush with the bottom of the chambers C, so as to discharge all the oleaginous matter intovthe tank A.

Vithin each chamber C a series of arclights L will be supported. The power of such lights maybe varied; but in a chamber the sides of which have a superficial area of about four hundred square feet three arclights of about fifteen-hundred-candle power each, or a number of incandescent lights of a total equivalent candle-power, will bleach the oleaginous matter caused to fiow in thin films over the walls of such chamber in a satisfactory manner in from five to eight hours. The length of time will vary according to the nature of the oil or fat being treated.

In order to keep the oleaginous matter in a fluid condition for free circulation, I provide the Atank A with a coil M, through which a heating medium, as steam, may be circulated. The inlet end of the coil will have a cock m, and its discharge end may lead to a vessel m. Sometimes also when oil is being bleached it may be desirable in order to cool the oil to circulate cold water through the coil. This coil may also be used for the circulation of a refrigerating fluid for the purpose of separating the stearin and other products. v

Vhen certain oils, such as linseed-oil, are being bleached, it will sometimes be desirable to improve the drying qualitiesof such oils, and in order to accomplish this I provide a pipe N, through which air under pressure may be forced,- and such pipe is provided with branches n', which discharge into the bleachingchambers C. At the top of each chamber is a discharge-pipe O, provided with a weighted valve o, which may be adjusted to maintain the air-pressure Within the chambers at any desired degree. As the income of air will be continuous there will be prac- 'tically a circulation of air under pressure through the bleaching-chambers.

Sometimes the heat from the electric lightsy may heat the vtransparent surfaces of the chambers to an excessive degree, and itis necessary, therefore, to provide means to cool them. This may be accomplished by providing pipes P, extending around the upper ends of the bleaching-chambers and supplying such pipes with cold water in any suitable manner not necessary to illustrate specifically. Such pipes will be provided with slots or perforations p, through which the water will be discharged against the outer sides of the transparent surfaces and flow down them into troughs q, at the lower ends of the chambers.

If desired, the entire apparatus may be inclosed in a glass house, (indicated by R.)

From the foregoing description it will be evident that the tank A may be filled With oleaginous matter and that such matter may be constantly circulated and caused to flow in thin films over the transparent sides of the bleaching-chamber until the desired degree of bleaching has been attained; also, that the operation may be continuous day and night, natural light supplemented by art-ihcial light, if necessary, being utilized during the day and artificial light during the night. When air is forced into the chambers C, the discharge from such chambers to the tank A will be through pipes h, and when air is not used such discharge may be through the pipes 7c.

Without limiting myself to the precise details of construction illustrated and de'- scribed, I claim-#- 1. The combination, in an apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matter, of transparent plates, means for-conveying the oleaginous matter to said plates to flow in thin films over the plates, and means for directing light through said plates, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in an apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matter, of means for varying the temperature of the matter, trans; parent plates, means for conveying the matter to the plates to iow in thin films over the plates, and means for directing light through said plates, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in an apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matter, of verticallyL supported transparent surfaces, means t0 discharge the matter on the upper portions of the transparent surfaces in thin films,- and means for producing artificial light, in close proximity to such surfaces, substantially as set forth.-

4. In an apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matter, the combination of a closed chamber having vertical transparent walls, means for conveying the matter to the interior of the' chamber to flow in thin films over the transparent walls, and means for producing artificial light Within the chamber, substantially as set forth.

Ido

5. In an apparatus for bleaching oleaginous l matter, the combination of a closed chamber having vertical transparent Walls, means for conveying the matter to the interior of the chamber to iow in thin films over the transparent walls, means for producing artificial troducing air under pressure into said cham-f ber, substantially as set forth.

7. In an apparatus for bleaching oleaginous matter, the combination of a tank to contain the matter to be bleached, transparent plates supported above the tank, means for oonvey- In testimony whereof I have signed my ing the matter from the tank and delivering name to this specification in the presence of it to flow in thin films over the transparent two subscribing witnesses.

surfaces back to thetank, means to vary the JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY. temperature of the matter within the tank, Witnesses: and means -for directing light through said EDWIN CRUSE,

plates, substantially as set forth. W. CLARENCE- DUVALL.

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