US1215951A

US1215951A - Drying apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1215951A
Application number: US77746113A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edouard Jean Marcel Martini
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-07-05
Filing date: 1913-07-05
Publication date: 1917-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 1934-02-13

Description

E. J. M. MARTINI.

DRYING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5.191s.

Lm5,%1. Patented Feb.13,'1917.

EDOU'ABD JEAN MARCEL MARTINI, 0F PARIS; FRANCE.

:onrme APPARATUS.

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- Specification of Letters latent.

Application filed July 5, 1918. Serial No. 77?,61.

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, EDOUARD J EAN MARCEL -MART11 1I, of 2 Rue Charles Cazin, in the condensed.

With the apparatus thus arranged, it is necessary to create a continuous circulation of the air and vapors by means of suitable devices, for instance by means of pumps which necessitate a constant maintenance of the vacuum if this vacuum is necessary and do not allow to operate in a closed aseptic medium.

The present invention has for its object an apparatus allowing to obtain the rapid drying of solid materials and to operate this drying in a closed aseptic medium.

This invention is characterized by a device allowing a continuous circulation of the air and vapors, capable of being'selfmaintained without the help of any pump or any other apparatus of this kind, and in a closed aseptic medium.

In this drying apparatus, the air and vapors heated in the digester tend to rise and to flow into the cooling apparatus in which they are condensed.

The cooled air then falls back to the bottom of the cooling apparatus from which it returns to the digester.

' The present invention has also for obJect a form of hydraulic joint.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 shows in longitudinal vertical section the apparatus in its entirety.

Fig. 2 shows apart and at a greater scale the hydraulic joint.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing means for creating the vacuum in the apparatus, the View also showing means for maintaining the low temperature in the cooling apparatus.

Fig. i is a cross-section of the digester.'

In the drawing, the drying apparatus forming the subject-matter of the present invention comprises a digester (2 provided with a double casing 12 forming an annular chamber din-which circulates hot water.

This Water enters the chamber 0 through a conduit (2 and issues from said chamber through another conduit e. O

The digester a is closed by a cover fprovidecl with a joint of special arrangement which will be described hereafter.

Within the digester are arranged hurdles or screens 1 and metal plates2 forming movable walls allowing to divide it into compartments. These plates are covered with a coating appropriate to increase their emis- -.sive power, the said plates by radiation promoting the heating of the substances to be dried. These substances can be suspended on suitably arranged rods or bars 3.

The arrangement of the screen 1, plates 2 and bars 3 may be as shown in Fig. 4, the

screen being arranged horizontally at the center of the digester andsupported at its sidesand the plates 2 being arranged transversely of the digester and suspended at their upper ends from the rods 3.

The latter communicates through two branches 9 and h With a cooling apparatus i comprising a bundle of tubes j secured on 7 two metal plates 9' and i and two chambers 70 and k are situated between these plates and the ends of the cooling apparatus. The branches 9 and it open respectively at the upper part and at the lower part of the digester into the space inclosing'the tubes y. The cooling liquid, such as brine, enters the chamber 70 through a conduit-pipe Z, passes through tubes 7', enters into the chamber I: and issues from the apparatus through a pipe m.

. A branch n arranged on the side of the cooling apparatus and communicating with the space between the plates j and 9' allows the creation of a relative vacuum in the Patented nee. re, rear.

apparatus. The condensed liquid flows out the products to be dried are placed in the closed digester, they have been exteriorly sterilized, if necessary, as well as the ambient air, by a suitable volatile antiseptic current, for instance sulfurous acid, that is afterward replaced by air or a sterile gas. The

inlet of this air or gas is then cut ofl and.

vacuum is created at the same time as the digester or drying chamber a is heated. It is to be understood that after the relative vacuum is created in the digester the pump w is cut oli from the digester by the valve 00.

Under the. influence of the heat and of thevacuum,'an evaporation of the liquids contained in the materials to be dried is produced, the vapors thus produced pass through the branch 9, enter the cooling apparatus and are condensed therein, said apparatus being at a temperature lower than 0. At the same time the antiseptic is eliminated. v

The-air or gas charged With these vapors dries, and, through the branch it passes back through the drying chamber a. This current of dry air, coming into contact with the materials to be dried, frees them from their moisture and is again sucked by the cooling apparatus and so on.

A real circulation of the air is thus obtained, this air charged with vapors pass ing in the cooling apparatus and coming back dry in the digester where it accelerates the evaporation.

The drying of the materials, by means of the present apparatus, is therefore obtained by the combined action of the heat and of the current of dry air, which allows of drying rapidly and in an aseptic manner said materials.

As mentioned above, the cover f of the digester is provided with a hydraulic joint insuring an absolutely tight closure. This form of joint is illustrated in detail in Fig. 2.

As shown in this figure, the digester a presents at its end a reinforced part a comprising a circular groove 0 of small depth, at the bottom of which is placed a rubber washer The outer edge of this part a is provided with a circular recess .9 partly covered ,by a ledge a integral with the part a On the other hand, the cover 7 comprises internally two concentric circular flanges 9" and 8 one of which is adapted to enter the grooveo and the other comes opposite the ledge a so asto constitute the extension of the latter.

At any point of the periphery of the cover is arranged a conduit 6 opening opposite the recess 9.

When the cover f is closed and held by means of a rocking. screw or of any other suitable device, the flange r presses on the elastic washer p. A rubber ring to of suitable strength is then placed on the joint existing between the ledge a and the flange s. A- liquid is then sent, through the conduit t, into the space formed by the recess q and limited by the parts a and s and when this capacity is entirely filled, there is obtained a hydraulic joint absolutely preventing any rentrance or any issue of the air in the apparatus.

The above arrangements are only given by way of example, the forms, sizesafid detail devices may be varied according to circumstances without modifying the principle of the invention.

Claims: 1

1. In a drying apparatus, a heated digester, a cooling apparatus connected .to said digester, means for creating vacuum in the 'WhOle of the digester and of the cooling apparatus, and means for maintaining the cooling apparatus at a temperature inferior to 0 C.

2..In a dryingvapparatus, a heated dii gester, a cooling apparatus connected to said digester by two very short branches, one at the upper part, the other at the lower part of the digester and of the cooling apparatus, whereby a continuous circulation of the mixture of air and vapors is produced, the heated mixture issuing by itself from the digester through the upper branch and flowing into the cooling apparatus, and the air cooledand freed from the vapors by the cooling apparatus returning to the digester through the lower branch, means for maintaining the cooling apparatus at a temperature inferior to 0 C., and means for creating vacuum in the whole of the digester and of the cooling apparatus.

3. In a drying apparatus, a heated digester, a cooling apparatus connected to said digester, and metal plates in the digester dividing the digester into compartments, the said lates having aspecial coating for promoting the radiation.

The foregoing specification of my improved drying apparatus, signed by me this 23rd day of June 1913.

EDOUARD JEAN MARCEL MARTINI.

' Witnesses:

HANsoN G. Goxa, RENE Tnnuo'r.