US6794632B1 - Soil compaction device having a light detector - Google Patents

Soil compaction device having a light detector Download PDF

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Publication number
US6794632B1
US6794632B1 US10/031,762 US3176202A US6794632B1 US 6794632 B1 US6794632 B1 US 6794632B1 US 3176202 A US3176202 A US 3176202A US 6794632 B1 US6794632 B1 US 6794632B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
light detector
soil compaction
compaction device
light
brightness
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US10/031,762
Inventor
Michael Steffen
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Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
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Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Assigned to WACKER-WERKE GMBH & CO. KG reassignment WACKER-WERKE GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STEFFEN, MICHAEL
Assigned to WACKER CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AG reassignment WACKER CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WACKER-WERKE GMBH & CO. KG
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Assigned to WACKER NEUSON SE reassignment WACKER NEUSON SE CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WACKER CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AG
Assigned to Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH & Co. KG reassignment Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH & Co. KG NUNC PRO TUNC ASSIGNMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WACKER NEUSON SE
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
    • F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
    • F16P3/147—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using electro-magnetic technology, e.g. tags or radar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/0474—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks characterised by means converting mechanical movement into electric signals
    • G05G2009/04759—Light-sensitive detector, e.g. photoelectric

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to a soil compaction device.
  • an optical switch control device that can adjust to changing surrounding light conditions.
  • the objective of this invention is to provide a soil compaction device that can reliably determine that a hand is located at a control element, in particular a guide handle, even with heavy shaking without having to apply any force by hand.
  • a soil compaction device has a guide handle provided with at least one light detector in the area gripped by the hand, said light detector emitting a signal corresponding to the brightness (brightness signal), wherein the light detector is coupled to an evaluation circuit that can evaluate the brightness signal in such a way that when a prescribed brightness threshold is exceeded or is not met, a control signal is sent to a control unit of the device.
  • the brightness threshold can be variably adjusted by the evaluation circuit according to the surrounding conditions, with a surrounding light detector that is coupled to the evaluation circuit being provided outside the grip area of the hand to determine the surrounding conditions.
  • This type of soil compaction device makes it possible, by merely moving the operator's hand to the vicinity of the control element (guide handle), to change the amount of light incident on the light detector, which then detects the change and reports it to the evaluation circuit. If the operator grips the control element with his hand, the light detector is blacked-out and for the most part separated from the outside brightness given off by the sun or by an artificial light source. By blacking out the light detector, thus changing the brightness signal, it can be reliably determined that a hand has approached the control element.
  • the light detector operate according to photoelectrical or photo-resistive principles, so that the brightness signal changes in strength when light hits it.
  • the light detector contains no light-emitting element, i.e. no additional light source, at the control element, which considerably increases its sensitivity to noise.
  • the brightness threshold is variably adjustable by the evaluation circuit depending on the surrounding conditions.
  • the evaluation circuit can be coupled to an additional surrounding light detector that detects the absolute surrounding brightness. When the brightness determined by the light detector at the control element falls below a brightness threshold determined according to the absolute brightness, this can be interpreted by the evaluation circuit as the approach of a hand to the control element. This prevents influences caused by the surrounding brightness since it can vary greatly (twilight, direct sunlight).
  • a number of light detectors are provided at the control element at a minimum of two points in the grip area for both hands.
  • the evaluation circuit coupled with the light detectors is able to determine that both hands are on the control element, which is prescribed for certain work equipment for safety reasons.
  • the soil compaction device is, for example, a tamper, a vibration plate or a vibration roller. Soil compaction devices are subject to severe loads during rough construction site use, resulting in the rapid failure of numerous known control devices, or resulting in the need for considerable design effort. However, the light detectors proposed according to the invention can be well protected from the environment and protected against contamination or destruction by integrating them into the control element.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a schematic plan view of soil compaction device guided by a guide handle on which a control element constructed in accordance with the present invention is attached:
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of the guide handle of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a guide handle 1 , which is the control element attached at a point not shown to a soil compaction device 10 (FIG. 1) to be operated.
  • light detectors 2 attached to the guide handle 1 at points where the operator commonly holds the guide handle 1 with both hands.
  • Suitable as light detectors 2 are light-sensitive elements such as photo diodes, photo transistors, light-sensitive resistors (LDR, light-dependent-resistor) and similar systems that change electrically due to optical excitation.
  • the light detectors 2 are powered by an evaluation circuit 3 , which also evaluates the brightness signals given off by the light detectors 2 .
  • the evaluation circuit 3 the brightness signals are compared to a brightness threshold.
  • a corresponding control signal is sent to a control unit 4 of the soil compaction device.
  • This control signal can, for example, correspond to the signal that is produced when securely holding a conventional safety handle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an operating device which is provided for operating an appliance and which comprises a hand-actuated operating part on which at least one light detector is provided in the gripping area of the hand. The light detector and an evaluating circuit make it possible to detect when a hand is approaching the guide handle or when the hand is gripping the same. The evaluating circuit accordingly activates a control device which optionally places the appliance in operation.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention pertains to a soil compaction device.
2. Description of the Related Art
To control or steer work equipment, all types of guide handles, control levers, safety handles, switches, pushbuttons and the like are used. What is common to most of these control elements is that the operator initiates the desired action through the introduction of force to a control system using his hand. If necessary, other safety elements are provided that the operator must activate, such as pressure handles or the like, so as to guarantee that the operator is holding the work equipment securely, thus preventing danger caused by the work equipment when it malfunctions or fails to operate. Moreover, there are also tactile, capacitive, ultrasound and infrared sensors that determine the existence or proximity of the hand to the operating element.
The various control devices of this type have different disadvantages: in the case of safety handles, switches or pushbuttons, a moving actuator has to be held by hand, which leads to a tiring of the hand over time. Furthermore, a solid hand grip, which is usually required, can lead to the transmission of vibrations to the hand and arm of the operator. The sensors are partially sensitive to noise or cannot be used when using gloves.
In FR-A-2 674 077, for example, an optical switch control device is described that can adjust to changing surrounding light conditions.
In U.S. Pat. No. 6,319,250, an equipment guide handle is disclosed that is steered by placing both hands of the operator on the handle in order to guarantee that the hands are located on the handle.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The objective of this invention is to provide a soil compaction device that can reliably determine that a hand is located at a control element, in particular a guide handle, even with heavy shaking without having to apply any force by hand.
This objective is met according to the invention by a soil compaction device with the features of patent claim 1. Further advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
According to the invention, a soil compaction device has a guide handle provided with at least one light detector in the area gripped by the hand, said light detector emitting a signal corresponding to the brightness (brightness signal), wherein the light detector is coupled to an evaluation circuit that can evaluate the brightness signal in such a way that when a prescribed brightness threshold is exceeded or is not met, a control signal is sent to a control unit of the device. Also, the brightness threshold can be variably adjusted by the evaluation circuit according to the surrounding conditions, with a surrounding light detector that is coupled to the evaluation circuit being provided outside the grip area of the hand to determine the surrounding conditions.
This type of soil compaction device makes it possible, by merely moving the operator's hand to the vicinity of the control element (guide handle), to change the amount of light incident on the light detector, which then detects the change and reports it to the evaluation circuit. If the operator grips the control element with his hand, the light detector is blacked-out and for the most part separated from the outside brightness given off by the sun or by an artificial light source. By blacking out the light detector, thus changing the brightness signal, it can be reliably determined that a hand has approached the control element.
It is preferred that the light detector operate according to photoelectrical or photo-resistive principles, so that the brightness signal changes in strength when light hits it.
In the process, the light detector contains no light-emitting element, i.e. no additional light source, at the control element, which considerably increases its sensitivity to noise.
As already mentioned, the brightness threshold is variably adjustable by the evaluation circuit depending on the surrounding conditions. For this purpose, the evaluation circuit can be coupled to an additional surrounding light detector that detects the absolute surrounding brightness. When the brightness determined by the light detector at the control element falls below a brightness threshold determined according to the absolute brightness, this can be interpreted by the evaluation circuit as the approach of a hand to the control element. This prevents influences caused by the surrounding brightness since it can vary greatly (twilight, direct sunlight).
In an especially advantageous embodiment of the invention, a number of light detectors are provided at the control element at a minimum of two points in the grip area for both hands. In this way, the evaluation circuit coupled with the light detectors is able to determine that both hands are on the control element, which is prescribed for certain work equipment for safety reasons.
The soil compaction device is, for example, a tamper, a vibration plate or a vibration roller. Soil compaction devices are subject to severe loads during rough construction site use, resulting in the rapid failure of numerous known control devices, or resulting in the need for considerable design effort. However, the light detectors proposed according to the invention can be well protected from the environment and protected against contamination or destruction by integrating them into the control element.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
This and other advantages of the present invention are explained in more detail below with the help of an example illustrated in the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a schematic plan view of soil compaction device guided by a guide handle on which a control element constructed in accordance with the present invention is attached: and
FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of the guide handle of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a guide handle 1, which is the control element attached at a point not shown to a soil compaction device 10 (FIG. 1) to be operated.
There are a number of light detectors 2 attached to the guide handle 1 at points where the operator commonly holds the guide handle 1 with both hands. Suitable as light detectors 2 are light-sensitive elements such as photo diodes, photo transistors, light-sensitive resistors (LDR, light-dependent-resistor) and similar systems that change electrically due to optical excitation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The light detectors 2 are powered by an evaluation circuit 3, which also evaluates the brightness signals given off by the light detectors 2. In the evaluation circuit 3, the brightness signals are compared to a brightness threshold. Depending on the results of the comparison, i.e. if the prescribed brightness threshold is not met or is exceeded, a corresponding control signal is sent to a control unit 4 of the soil compaction device. This control signal can, for example, correspond to the signal that is produced when securely holding a conventional safety handle.

Claims (8)

What is claimed is:
1. A soil compaction device comprising: a guide handle provided with at least one light detector in an area gripped by a hand, said light detector emitting a signal corresponding to a brightness, wherein the light detector is coupled to an evaluation circuit that can evaluate the brightness signal in such a way that when a prescribed brightness threshold is either exceeded or is not met, a control signal is sent to a control unit of the soil compaction device, and wherein the brightness threshold can be variably adjusted by the evaluation circuit according to surrounding conditions via a surrounding light detector that is coupled to the evaluation circuit and is provided outside the grip area of the hand to determine the surrounding conditions.
2. A soil compaction device according to claim 1, wherein the light detector at the guide handle does not contain a light-emitting element.
3. A soil compaction device according to claim 1, wherein the light detector at the guide handle is a photodiode, a phototransistor or a light-sensitive resistor.
4. A soil compaction device according to claim 1, wherein a number of light detectors are provided at the guide handle at a minimum of two places in grip areas of both hands.
5. A soil compaction device comprising:
a guide handle;
at least one light detector located on said guide handle in an area configured to be gripped by a hand of an operator, said light detector emitting a signal corresponding to a brightness;
a control unit; and
an evaluation circuit that is coupled to said light detector, wherein said evaluation circuit is configured to evaluate the brightness signal in such a way that when the brightness signal either exceeds or falls below a prescribed brightness threshold, a control signal is sent to the control unit of the soil compaction device; and
a surrounding light detector that is coupled to the evaluation circuit, that is provided outside the grip area of the handle, i.e., and that is configured to determine surrounding conditions, wherein the evaluation circuit can variably adjust the brightness threshold according to the surrounding conditions detected by the surrounding light detector.
6. A soil compaction device according to claim 5, wherein the light detector at the guide handle does not contain a light-emitting element.
7. A soil compaction device according to claim 5, wherein the light detector is selected from the group consisting of a photodiode, a phototransistor and a light-sensitive resistor.
8. A soil compaction device according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of light detectors are provided at a minimum of two places on the guide handle that are configured to be in areas gripped by both hands of an operator.
US10/031,762 1999-07-21 2000-07-20 Soil compaction device having a light detector Expired - Fee Related US6794632B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934186A DE19934186C2 (en) 1999-07-21 1999-07-21 Operating device with light detector
DE19934186 1999-07-21
PCT/EP2000/006959 WO2001008310A1 (en) 1999-07-21 2000-07-20 Operating device having a light detector

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US (1) US6794632B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1198887B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003505969A (en)
AT (1) ATE408273T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19934186C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2311468T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001008310A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130145645A1 (en) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for controlling dryer
US12065790B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2024-08-20 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Plate compactor
US12312752B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2025-05-27 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Plate compactor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE10141161A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2003-02-27 C & E Fein Gmbh & Co Kg Optical control device
US6948398B2 (en) 2002-07-22 2005-09-27 Deere & Company Joystick with enabling sensors
DE202006002969U1 (en) 2005-11-08 2006-05-11 Agco Gmbh Control device for commercial vehicles
EP1959329A1 (en) * 2007-02-19 2008-08-20 AGCO GmbH Tractor control means
EP2017688B1 (en) * 2007-06-16 2012-06-06 RAFI GmbH & Co. KG Device for creating electrically evaluable control signals

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2674077A1 (en) 1991-03-11 1992-09-18 Voiturier Jean Pierre Optical contactor
US5210996A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-05-18 Fassauer Arthur L Air-floated apparatus
US5319250A (en) 1990-05-04 1994-06-07 Control Devices, Inc. Pushless run bar with electronics
US5367158A (en) 1991-10-25 1994-11-22 Break-A-Beam, Inc. Photoelectric switch for use with a machine control circuit

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DE2626201A1 (en) * 1976-06-11 1977-12-22 Stahlschmidt Kg Safety device for electric lawn mower - consists of two attachments on handle and each containing photoconductive cell and switch

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5210996A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-05-18 Fassauer Arthur L Air-floated apparatus
US5319250A (en) 1990-05-04 1994-06-07 Control Devices, Inc. Pushless run bar with electronics
FR2674077A1 (en) 1991-03-11 1992-09-18 Voiturier Jean Pierre Optical contactor
US5367158A (en) 1991-10-25 1994-11-22 Break-A-Beam, Inc. Photoelectric switch for use with a machine control circuit

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130145645A1 (en) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for controlling dryer
US9285165B2 (en) * 2011-12-08 2016-03-15 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for controlling dryer
US12065790B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2024-08-20 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Plate compactor
US12234613B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2025-02-25 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Plate compactor
US12312752B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2025-05-27 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Plate compactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001008310A1 (en) 2001-02-01
DE19934186C2 (en) 2001-06-21
DE19934186A1 (en) 2001-01-25
JP2003505969A (en) 2003-02-12
ES2311468T3 (en) 2009-02-16
EP1198887B1 (en) 2008-09-10
ATE408273T1 (en) 2008-09-15
DE50015352D1 (en) 2008-10-23
EP1198887A1 (en) 2002-04-24

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Owner name: WACKER-WERKE GMBH & CO. KG, GERMANY

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