US673951A - Electric-arc lamp. - Google Patents

Description

No. 673,951. Patented May l4, |90L J. HERRICHT.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

(,a umion filed Dec. 26. 1900. (IoModaL) 2 Sheets8heet l.

m. 673,95I. Patented May l4, l90l.

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ELECTRIC ARC LAIIP. (Applicntion filed Dec. 26, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Shoat 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN HERRIOHT, .OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GUSTAV WALTHER, OE SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC- ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 673,951, dated May 14, 1901. Application filed December 26, 1900. Serial No- 4LO5O- (N model-J To otZZ whom it mag concern: 7

Be it known that I, JOHN HERRIOHT, a citizen of the United States, residingat Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arc-Lamps; and I do hereby declare the-following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe in vention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon,

. which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to arc-lamps, and

more especially to that class of lamps known as inclosed arc,yusing high current, designed for use as headlights, and has for its object means for focusing the arc in a'reflector and other details of construction hereinafterpointed 'outand particularly claimed.

Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are similarly designated, Figure l is a front view showing the lamp ready for trimming. Fig.2 is a vertical central-section of Fig. 1, someof the parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective of the inner globeor bottle holder in verted,together with the carbon-guide therein, Fig. 4 is a detail in perspective, showing a modification of the bottle-holder, which is used at the end] volts.

Headlights heretofore constructed necessilated the nse of large and expensive resistr ance-hoxes, heating the carto a great extent; and when thecurrent dropped, by reason of heavytraffic', extinguished the lamp. By the present construction I avoid the necessity-of any resistan other than that ordinarily used in arc-lights, producing a lamp that cannot be jolt-ed outgoue that quickly and easily recovers itself after jolts due to theunevenness of the track, and which isequally well adapted for street-railways using under or over head circuits and locomotives.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 10'is a reflector, secured by a screw 12 to a bracket 13 on the lower part of a base-board 11, designed to be hung on the dashboard or other desirable place on a car or secured on'top of the smokeboX of a locomotive. In this base-board is formed a slot 1.4:, extending from the top there of to near the point where the reflector is secured. On each side of this slot is a guide rail or flange 1 21,,between which slides'lhe squared nut 201 on the bracket 20, and across end of the slot and may or may not carry a bevel-gearing 19. The nut 201 of the lampbracket 20 slides between the guide-rails 14:1

and .is moved between the brackets 15 and 18 by the screw 17.

The upper end of the spindle 16 is squared at 21 for the reception of a suitable detachable operating key or Handle, (not shown,) whereby the lamp can be focused relatively to the reflector from the top. It may, however,be desirable to move the lamp from the.

side, and to this end a second bevel-pinion 22, gearing with the pinion 19, secured to and op- ,eratedby a cross-shaft 70, ending at the side of the headlight and operated by a similar key or handle 71.

The bracket 20 is secured to the lower spool-. head 23 or to any other suitable rigid portion of the lamp. This lower spool-head, which is preferably, though not necessarily, of non-,

less intense field beyond it, these windings being'connected in series, as shown'at' 80. This arrangement of Winding provides a greater numberof ampere-turns around the magnet 25 and lesslbelow it when the voltagev or tension ishigh, thus increasing the: magnetism of said magnet, drawing the armature 29 higher up to produce 'a longer are; but

- when the voltage drops, due to great number of cars being on the line, thenthe ampereturns in the fine-wire windingwill decrease,

due, to the decrease of voltage, and the armature will drop below, the fine-wire winding and must be acted upon then'by the coarsewire windingin order to hold it in a swinging'position at a short are. As soon as the voltage increases the strength of the magnet will increase and the armature will be immediately lifted to stri-ke'a longer are.

Inside the spool-body 24' moves the arma ture 29, on the upper end of which is secured a carbonguide-tube 30, which has on its ex-.

terior threaded portion an adjustable ringstop 31'. This carbon guidetube works through the magnet and fits itsnugly, as also does the armature thespool-body. Thus the space between'thearmature and the nagnet' has a, cushioning effect, and the'coope'rating parts'form a dash-pot within the body of the 1 spool.-

. I The armature is providednearits top with [a circumferential""or cut; away, portion 67, which formsahead to'be strongly actuated upon,'espe cially the fine wire winding, and then a'less-magnetic portion at the neck in thearmature, and" then ia. more strongly magnetic portion below this groove; I This arrangement'allows agreate'rswing forthe armature, provides automatic "regulation when 4 vthe current drops, and insures a ready respouse to variations of current inthe spoolf that is, to variation of ampere-turns inthe spool,'dnefto drop ofjvoltage. v

Inthe lower end of the armature 29is a I second guid'e tube32 and slotted on one side at 33. Screwed on. this. tube and abutting against the lower end of the armature is a sleeve orring 34,,which carries a pair of outwardly-flaring springs '35, having rollers 36 at their lower ends. To one of these springs is secured the carbon-clutch 37 ,taking through .the slot 33 and engaging the carbon.

I may make the tube 32 shorteran'dprovide two clutch-jaws 34, one on eachspring 35, that will engage thecarbon-A be-lowthe' lowerend of said tube clutch.

It willfbe observed that the-tube 32 ad jnstable in the armature 29 and also thejringj or sleeve 34 isadj ustableon this tube, where by the length of arc, the throw ofv-the armature, and theaction, of the springs canbe ad-' justed; Secured, below the lower -magnethead onl the'projecting threaded end of the spool-body isa conical or flaring clutch-hous ing, provided in its circumferencewith a cir-' cumt'erential groove 7 2,- into which the rollers 32, thus providing a double 36' takeat the limit of their downward travel,

thereby'cansing the spread'of the'springs, re-

leasingthe upper carbon A from the clutch and allowing it to drop. Onto thisclutchhousing is secured a heat-shield or bottle-cap v38, through which passesjthe' uppercarbon,

and secured to and insulated from it is a lower-carbon bracket 39, carrying in its end the lower carbon B. Secured to the top of the spool and on the magnet 25 is a base 40, having a pocket 41 formed in a central projection 42. Around this projection 42 is placed the lampresistance-coil 43, one, end

to feed lower carbon B3. The other end of said resistance-coilis connected t'o a plug-pin '44,, designed to enter a suitablesocket in the .car. v

I Oneend of thespool-winding is connected 5 to a plug 45, also designed to enter a socket inthe car, and the other end: is electrically connected to the lower spool-head and through contacting parts to the'carbon.

pins 44 and'45, each of a difierent shape,are'

securedto base'46 and simultaneouslyem ter their sockets. "llhediiferi'ant shapes of the pins insure their insertioninto proper sockets.

The upper J bottle-holder and heat-shield Bothof these of which isconnected to the negative termi- 'nal of the lamp--to wit, the lamp-bracket 39- i (shown invert-ed in- Fig. 3 comprise the body portion38, whose threaded end 7 3'screws into 7 A 1 thelowerfendof the clutch-housing, and plate v 47-, which forms'the'shield proper and abutment roi- 'the' end of the bottle or inner-globe,-

and'also carries? raceway 48', in which are" balls 49, forming a ball-bearing contact for the upperca'rbon; In order to insure -co1 1,-' H stant contact with this carbon, 1 place around this raceway and between the-balls and' the inner wall thereof a leaf spring ,orpsheetzof spring metal 50, .whichbyitstendency to coil' will press the balls against-the carbon." A

suitable plate 51 fits over the raceway and prevents the balls from fa'lling out and is secured to the ball-bearing casing'by means of. I screws-52; 11-, howevendo notlimit myself to this particular forinof'plate forsecuring'the' 5 balls in place, asthis may he a-threaded plate which fits intothe end of the raceway; .From

the heat-shield 47"depends a'snitable flange 53. This flange is slotted at two or more portions', as shown at 54, and has a perforation in itinto'which takes a thum b -sc'rew 55. Surrpunding-this flange isafring"56,.carrying screws or pins 57, which take into the slots 54. This ring isma'd'e of asufficiently-yield ing material to allowiafcertainamountof expansion. [The bottleis held againsttheheat} shield; 'The thuunlrscrew'*'5'5 is turned to] move the ring eccentrically to the depending nection for thebottle,"asin the caseifolf bot flange, whereby thefscrewsor pins157and thef- I thumb-screw 55 will be 'niovedthrough the; slots and-hole in the depending flange and take into the retaining-groove ofthe bottle; p

*Wheh-it is desirable toforina-yielding con; 1

ties open at both'end's and'of small diameter; i

this ring is modified by cutting away a portion thereof between the lugs or screws 57, as shown in Fig. 4. Between the bottle and the pins or screws'57 and 55 I may insert a yielding metallic strip, which will not fit closely into the groove and will yield sufficiently to the expansion of the bottle due to heating. Thus I avoid making the ring 56 of spring metal and may then cast it of iron.

Surrounding the entire lamp is a shcet'iron casing formed in two parts. The upper portion 86 is perforatedto admit the stem 16 of the actuating-screw to pass through it, is secured to the projection 42 on the resistancebase by means of a screw 57, and moves with the lamp. The lower portion 74 thereof is se- 'is in an operative position.

cured by bolts 58 to the base-plate 11 and is provided above the reflector with a door 59,

swung outwardly when the lamp is lifted to be trimmed and held closed by the upper boxlike portion of the casing 86 when the lamp In front of this casing 74 is a spring split ring 60, that has formed on either side of the split finger-grips 61, arranged to press together when inserting it into the groove 62 in the lower portion of the casing in front of the reflector. This ring has formed on its rear portion lugs 63, which hold the glass 64 between them and the flange 65 on said ring. A grip 75 opposite the split aids in inserting the ring into the groove 62 in the casing 74. This arrangement allows the easy replacement of a glass in front of the reflector, the ring is removed from the casing, the glass placed therein, and

the finger-grips 61 pressed together to contract the ring 60, likewise drawing withit the lugs 63, thus making the entire glass frame of smallerdiameter. The frame is then inserted into the groove 62 and allowed to expand; but this expansion is not sufficient to allow the glass to drop out of the ring. Should the metal of which the ring is made not have sufflcient elasticity, I fasten to one of the finger-grips a pin 76, whose free end slides in a hole in the other finger-grip. On this pin is a coil-spring 77, which will hold the ring securely sprung in its groove 62.

In lieu of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 for lifting and lowering the lamp I may use a rack-and-pin motion (shown in Figs. 5 and 6) and focus both the lamp and the reflector.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination with a perforated stationary reflector, of a casing therefor, an arclamp organized to be moved through the perforations and focused in said reflector, and a box-like portion for said lamp carried thereby and organized to telescope on the casing surrounding the reflector, substantially as de scribed.

2. The combination with a perforated stationary reflector, a casing therefor and vertical door therein, an arc-lamp organized to move th rough the perforations and be focused in said reflector, and a box-like casing secured to and movable with said lamp, organized to telescope a portion of the casing for said reflector and said door, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a perforated stationary reflector, a casing therefor and an arclamp movable through the perforations and focused in lhe reflector, a bracket secured to a solenoid-head of said lamp and a screw organized to move said bracket and lamp into focus, substantially as described.

4. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a non-magnetic tube, a magnet secured to one end thereof to form a continuation of said tube, both forming a spool-body, a magnetic spool-head secured to said magnet and a nonmagnetic spool-head secured to said tube and suitable winding, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth. I

5. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a non-magnetic tube and lower spool-head, said tube projecting below and adjustablein said head, a tubular magnet secured to said tube and with it forming the spool-body, a

magnetic upper spool-head secured to the magnet, and suitable windings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool, a fine-wire winding extending a portion of the length thereof and a coarse wire Winding in series therewith and extending the remainder of the length of the spool, substantially as described.

7. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool, a fine-wire winding extending a portion of the length thereof, a coarse-wire winding in series therewith and extending the remainder of the length of said spool and arranged to cover also the fine-wire winding, substantially as described.

8. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool-body, a magnet forming part of the spool-body,suitable heads,a fine-wire winding extending part of the length of the spool-body and a coarse-wire winding in series therewith and extending the remainder of the length of said spool, substantially as described.

9. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a body portion, a magnet secured to one end thereof, aspool-head of magnetic material secured to said magnet and a lower head of non-magnetic material in combination with a fine-wire winding extending part of the length of the-spool and a coarse-Wire winding in series therewith extending the remainderof the length of said spool and covering also the fine-wire winding, substantially as described.

10. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a solenoid, a conical or flaring tube secured to said spool and recesses formed ,in said tube, an arnlaturemovable in said spool, a carbonclutch secured to said armature, said clutch organized to be released by the recesses in said conical or flaring tube, substantially as described.

11. In an arc-lamp, in combination with a solenoid, a conical or flaring tube secured thereto and recesses in said tube, of an armature movable in said solenoid, a guide-tube adjustable and projecting from said armature,

a carbon-clutch adjustable on said guide-tube and organized to be released by the recesses in said conical or flaring tube, substantially as described.

12. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool-body, a magnet forming a part thereof, an armature movable in the spool-body, a guide-tube secured in the upper end of said armature and arranged to pass through the,

magnet and a stop adjustable on said tube in combination with a carbon-clutch carried by said armature and cooperating with the flaring tube to actuate the carbon, substantially as described.

13. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a solenoid, a conical or flaring tube secured at the bottom of said solenoid, of an armature in said solenoid, a carbon-clutch adjustable with relation to the armature and moved thereby comprising outwardly-flaring springs engaging the interior surface of the conical tube, substantially as described.

14. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid, a conical or flaring tube secured thereto, in combination with an armature, a tube adjustably secured in the lower end of said armature, a sleeve.

adjustable on said tube, outwardly bent springs secured to said sleeve, rollers on the end of said springs and a clutch-jaw secured to one of said springs passing through the slot ins-aid tube and engaging the carbon, substantiallyas described. a

15. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a tube, a magnet secured to the end thereof to form the spool-body, suitable heads, fine and coarse wire windings on said spool, a conical or flaring tube secured at the base of said spool, a releasing-space in said conical or flaring tube, an armature movable in said spool, a carbon-clutch, a, guide-tube adjustable in the upper end of said armature, a stop ad-- justable on said tube, a guide adjustable in and secured to the lower portion of said armature, a ring adjustable on said tube, outwardly-flaring springs secured at one end to said ring,'a clutch-jaw on said springs the ends of said springs taking into the releasing-space insaid conical or flaring tube, a carbon guide-tube adjustable in the upper end of said armature, a stop adjustable on said tube, a guidetube adjustable in and secured to the lower portion of said armature,va ring adjustable on said tube, outwardly-flaring springs secured at one end to said ring, a carbon-clutch jaw on said springs the ends of said springs taking into the releasing-space in said conical tube to withdraw the clutch-jaw from the carbon, substantially as described. A

16. In an arc-lamp, comprising a solenoid having fine and coarse wire windings, a magnet forming a portion of the solenoid-body, a

bottle cap or heat shield secured to said clutch-housing, ball-bearing contacts in said bottle-cap for the upper carbon and a lowercarbon holder depending from the bottle-cap, substantially as described. I

17. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the solenoid and its movable armature, of a clutch carried by said armature, a conical clutch-housing and a releasing-groove therein, said clutch cooperating with the housing to grip and release the'carbon, substantially as described. p,

18. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the solenoid and its movable core,-of a clutchhousing secured thereto, a circumferential V releasinggroove in said housing, a clutch moved thereby comprising springs held at one end to the armature and the free ends thereof cooperating with the clutch-housing to cause them to grip andrelease the carbon, substantially as described. a

19. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing carboncontact comprising a raceway balls therein and a spring between said balls and raceway,

I substantially as described.

20. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing'carboncontact comprising a raceway, balls therein and a coil-spring between said balls and raceway, substantially as described.

21. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing carboncontact comprising a raceway, balls therein and means for yieldingly holding the balls against the carbon,substantially as d escribed.

22. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing carboncontact comprising a raceway, balls therein I and a coiled leaf-spring between saidballs and raceway, substantially as described.

23. In an arc-lamp, a bottle-holder com prising a bottle-seat, a flange onsaid seat, slots therein, a ring surrounding. said flange, pins in said ring projecting through the slots and means for moving the ring eccentrically to said flange, substantially as described.

24:. In an arc-lamp, a bottle-holder comprising a bottle-seat, a flange thereon, slots in said flange, a ring surrounding said flange, pins in said ring projecting through said slots anda thumb-screw in the ring also passing through the flange to move saidring eccentrically to the flange, substantially as described.

25. In an arc-lamp,a bottle-holder comprising a bottle-seat, a flange thereon, slots in and a ring surrounding said flange, pins adj ustable in said ring and projecting throughsaid slots, a thumb-screw in said 'ring projecting through the flange to move said ring eccen-' trically, substantially as described.

2.6. In an arc-lamp,a bottle-holder comprising a bottle-seat, a flange thereon, slots in said flange, a partial ring around said flange, pins therein projecting through the slots and means for moving said partial rings eccentrically to the bottle-holder, substantially as described. i

27. In an arc-lamp,a bottle-cap,a ball-bearing carbon-contact therein, depending flange and a pair of slots therein, a ring surrounding said flange, pins therein projecting through the slot and a thumb-screw through the ring and flange to move the former eccentrically to the latter, substantially as described. I

28. In an arc-lamp, a reflector-glass holder comprising a split ring, a flange thereon, lugs on said ring and finger-grips at the split portion thereof arranged to hold the glass between the lugs and flange, substantially as described.

29. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the casing and grooved opening around the reflector thereof, of a glass-holder comprising a split ring, a flange thereon, lugs behind said flange, finger-grips on either side of the split ring and a springbetween the fingergrips, the glass being held between said lugs and flange, substantially as described.

30. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a body portion, a magnet of the same external a door hinged to said reflector-casing at the offset and an arc-lam p,a casin g secured thereto and means for moving said lamp into the focus of said reflector and telescope the two casings, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN HERRICHT.

Witnesses:

GEO. E. FRECH, HENRY ORTH, Jr.

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