US66243A - Clarejtce mokfit - Google Patents

Description

G. MORFIT. CONDENSER FOR STILLS.

No. 66,243. Patented July 2, 1867.

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Quinn tetra gaunt {firs CLARENCE MORFIT, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

'Letters Patent No. 66,243, dated July 2, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GONDENSERS ,I'OB' STILLS.

TOWHQM IT MAY GONOERN:

' Be it known that I, CLARENCE MORFIT, of the city and county of Baltimore, and State of Maryland, have invented an Improved-Condenser and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure I is a top view of the condenser detached from a still. 7

Figure 2 is a longitudinal centralsection taken in a vertical plane through the condenser.

Figure3 is an elevation of one side of the same.

Figure 4 is a vertical transverse'section.

Figure 5 is a perspective view. 7

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

The nature of my invention consists irdthe application to a horizontal chamber adapted for the condensation of the vapors of oils, liquids, alcohol, and other substances vaporized in a still, of two series oi conduits so arranged that by one series communications can be made at pleasure between any one or all of the chambers of the condenser with the still, and by the other series communications can be made between any one or all of the chambers of the condenser and a receiver, thereby admitting of'the products of distillation, having different boilihg points, being drawn back into the still for redistillation or separated and carried off to a receiver, as though they were subjected'to distinct distillation for thaLpnrpose, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the artto understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

A In the'accompanying drawings, A represents acondenser, which may be made of any convenient form and capacity, and constructed of any metal or other suitable material. B B are diaphragms or subdivisions arranged in vertical planes at proper distances apart, and constructed of metal, mineral, fibrous material or,materials, separately or in combination. Every alternate division B, beginning at the one nearest the still or inlet pipe A, has an opening, 0, through it at the bottom, and the intervening partitions have openings at the top, as shown in the sectional view, fig. 2, so that vapors flowing from the still will be brought in contact with all the walls of the first compartment, and the uncondensed portion pass down through the bottom aperture into the second compartment, and soon, the vapors pass alternately under and over the severaLdivisions until the distillate is finally delivered at the point desired. From one side of the condenser branch pipes E proceed and communicate with along pipe, G, which leads back to the still. The branch pipes E are provided with valves or cocks E, which, wheuopened, will allow liquid from any one or all of the chambers in the condenser to be carried back and delivered into the still. On the opposite side of the condenser branch pipes D, which are provided with valves or cocks D, form communications between the several chambers of this condenser and a pipe, F, which may lead oil to a suitable receiver. By means of this latter arrangement the liquids from any one or all of the chambers can becarried oil and separated. The condenser issurround ed with a vessel, which can be used solely for refrigeration by cold water, or it may be filled with water, oil, or anything else used for the purpose of forming a bath, so that all the more volatile distillates are allowed to over, and those condensing below the temperature of the bath returned to the still or drawn oil at pleasure. The bath can then be emptied and filled with water to be used for condensing in theordinary way, thus affording the advantage of continuing the distillation until the still is emptied of its charge or contents. In distilling alcohol or whisky the chambers nearest the still contain distillates' of the lowest proof. As a doubler, the apparatus is used in series. and the first condensenleft surrounded with hot water, so that-thc-heat'of the vapors in passing through it will carry forward the greater part of the liquor first condensed, thus securing a rectification of the first distillates, which will give alcohol and liquors of higher proof. In distilling petroleum, the condenser is first surrounded by water, which is allowedto become warm by the heat of the condensing light oils until it reaches the temperature of 212 Fahrenheit, after which the water is cooled and refrigeration kept up in the usual manner, thereby permitting the complete separation of those highly volatile oils which make the petroleum illuminating oils so dangerous; or the apparatus may be used in series, and thowater surrounding the first con-- 7 denser kept warm all the time, and the lighter oils condensed and separzptcd inthe other condensers in the series which are cooled. In this case all the distillatcs having a boiling point abovc 212 Fahrenheit would condense in the first condenser and the more volatile would be carried forward During these several processes the least volatile vapors, or those of iiis'tillates having the highest boiling points condensing first and falling into the several compartments, can be drarvninto receivers or run back into the still.

It will be seen that my condensers can be used either singly or in series, and in series they at once become a substitute for the doubler and worm? used in ordinary distillation. If it is found necessary to increase the condensing surface it may be increased indefinitely by the'interposition of tubes arranged in the condenser in any suitable manner without interfering with the operation above described. A vacuum in the condenser may be prevented by the application of properly constructed valves in the top atH H. I am aware that in scveral'epparatus in use for distillation vertical chambers are used containing divisions or apartments with eomrnnnicatione between the several apartments, and that'in'such arrangements the apartments commuuicnte .with a vertical pipe by means of branch pipes having cocks applied-to them. In' none of these condensers are means employed by which ,the clistillet esean"be separated and the same time revaporized cr drawn 011' or run back into the still at pleasure, as I have described.-

i What I claim, is-

A condenser, which is adapted for use in coujunctihnwith a still, and which is divided into a number of.

ehambers communicating with each other and provided with" two series of pipes or conduits so arranged as to admit of the separation and revap'orization of the disti'llntes and thcirreturn to the still, substantially as described,

CLARENCE MORFIT.

Witnesses Hnunr H. LEWIS, Wm. HAMILTON.

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