US661864A

US661864A - Hydraulic brick-machine.

Info

Publication number: US661864A
Application number: US1490600A
Authority: US
Inventors: Willis N Graves
Original assignee: HYDRAULIC PRESS BRICK Co
Current assignee: HYDRAULIC-PRESS BRICK Co; HYDRAULIC PRESS BRICK Co
Priority date: 1900-04-30
Filing date: 1900-04-30
Publication date: 1900-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 1917-11-13

Description

No. 66|,864. 'Patented Nav. I3, |900.

l w. N. emlwlis.`

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

(Application ledApr. 30, 1900.)

ma Nowms Pcrsns oo, woroumo., WASHINGTON. D. c.

No. 66|,864. Patented Nov. i3, |900. W. N. GRAVES.

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

(Appucaion mea Apr. so, 1900.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

ma Noims PETERS oo, uovo-umu., wAsmNcToN. o. c.

N0. 66|,864. V Patented Nov. I3, |900. W. N. GRAVES.

HYDBAULIUBBICK MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr. 30, 1900.\ (N9 Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

1- Mmmulruwmme N0. 66|,864. Patented Nov. I3, |900.

W. N. GRAVES.

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHIIIE.-

(Applicatiq med Apr. 3o, 1900.)

7 sheets-sheet d.

K ou

(No Model.)

| .l 1 l l l l I I fra/deff.'-

m: nomas FErcRs co. PNoraLxTno. wAsnmwn, uv c.

No. 661,664. Patented Nov. I3, |900.

w. N. GnAvEs.

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

(Applicatin led Apr. 30, 1900.) I

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

Patented Nov. I3, |900.

W. N. GRVES. HYDRAULIC BBI'CK MACHINE.

` (Application led Apr. S0, 1900.)

(No Model.)

7 Sheets-rSheet 6.

No. 661,864. Patented Nov. I3, |900. W. N. GRAVES.

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

(Application led Apr. 30, 1900.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

(No Madam KNN me "cams PETER: co.. Pno'auwo., wAsmNGYoN, D4 cy NMi-AD STATES 'ArnNi Ormea..

VILLIS N. GRAVES, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO THE HYDRAULIC- PRESS BRICK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 661,864. dated November 13, 1900.

Application filed April 30, 1900. Serial No. 14,906. (No model.)

To rr/ZZ whom t may concern: Fig. IX is an enlarged vertical section taken Be it known that I, W'ILLIS N. GRAVES, a on line IX IX, Fig. I. Fig. X is an enlarged citiZenoftheUniIed States,residingatthecity detail vertical section taken on line X X, of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have in- Fig. I. Fig. XI is an enlarged vertical sec- 55 5 vented certain new and useful Improvements `tion taken on line XI XI, Fig. III. Fig. XII in Hydraulic Brick-Machines, of which the `is an enlarged vertical section taken on line followingisafull, clear,and exactdescription, `XII XII, Fig. VII. Fig. XIII isa horizontal reference being had to the accompanying section taken on line XIII XIII, Fig. II. drawings, forming part of this specification. Fig. XIV is a vertical section taken on line 6o ro In the manufacture of bricks by hydraulic ,XIV XIV, Fig. XIII. Fig. XV is a horizonmachines small orders for fancy bricks or tal section taken on line XV XV, Fig. VII. bricks of ornamental shapes are frequently Fig. XVI is a transverse section taken on received, and to shut down such a machine, line XVI XVI, Fig. XIII. Fig. XVII isa which represents the expenditure of considdiagrammatic view illustrating the operation 65 i5 erable capital, while changing the dies and of the machine, showingthe general arrangemolds to ll such small orders, incurs an exment of the parts without reference to their pense which is frequently more than the endetail construction. tire amount received for the order. Referring by numerals to the accompany- 'ihe object of my invention is to make a ing drawings, l I indicate a pair of beams, 7o 2o comparatively inexpensive hydraulic ma- IFigs. I and VII, which are held in a iixed chine for filling such small orders and which position in any suitable manner and which if allowed to stand idle between the receipts serve as a base for the framework of the of orders the loss entailed is slight compared machine. Fixed to and extending upwardly with the loss that would be incurred by alfrom each beam isa pair of brackets 2, (see 75 z5 lowing a hydraulic machine such as is now Figs. I and VIL) that support a verticallyin use to remain idle, as the amount of caparranged lower cylinder 3, in which operates ital involved is very much less. In order t-o the piston 4 of the lower ram. Extending thus make a comparatively inexpensive hyupwardly from this lower cylinder are four dra-ulic machine, I depart from the practice upright angle-bar posts 5, the upper ends of 8o 3o heretofore followed of having the valves opwhich support an upper cylinder 6, in which crate automatically, and Iarrange the valves operates the piston 7 of the upper ram. rIielo be operated manually, but in doing this I rods 8, which are arranged in the angles of maintain the high pressure and the other dethe post 5, are provided on their ends with sir-ablecharacteristicsofahydraulic machine. nuts 8a and serve to rigidly hold the frame 85 35 My invention consists in features of novtogether and to receive the greater portion of elty hereinafter fully described, and pointed the strain while the rams are under pressure. outin the claims. A mold 9, comprising end pieces l() and Figure Iis a side elevation of my improved side pieces ll, held together by the bolts 12, ln'ick-machine. Fig. II is a front elevation is mov-ably positioned in the upright frame 9o 4o ofthe upper portion of the machine. Fig. between the rams. Located in this mold is III is a front elevation of a plate or table on a lining 13, which is removable in order that which a number of valves and actuating-ledifferent linings may be positioned in the vers are mounted. Fig. IV is a vert-ical trans-4 mold to make any configuration of brick that Verse section taken on line IV IV, Fig..IlI. may be desired. The lower ram is provided 95 45 Fig. V is a detail section taken online V V, with a removable die 14, (see Fig. II,) which Fig. III. Fig. VI isa detail section taken ou must necessarily correspond with the form line VI VI, Fig. III. Fig. VII isafront eleofthe lining within the mold 9, and the upvation oi' the lower portion of the machine. per rain carries a corresponding removable Fig. VIII is a vertical section of a pair of

die

1,5. The body 4 of the lower ram carries roo I 5o double valves made use of in my improved pins Iii, which engage against stop-plates 17 machine, taken on line VIII VIII, Fig. III. on the under side of the mold 9 to limit the a acteert upward movementof said lower ram. Depending from the under side of the lower cylinder 3 is a smallauxiliary cylinder 19, (see Figs. VII and XVIL) the inlet thereto being at the upper end through a tubular connection 20. Operating in this auxiliary cylinder 19 is a piston 21, the lower end of which extends below the auxiliary cylinder and bears upon a bar 22. This bar is connected by rods 23 to a cross-head 24, which is provided at its center with a sleeve 24a, that slides upon the auxiliary cylinder 19. Secured to the front and rear faces of the body 4a of the lower ram are the upper ends of connecting-rods 25, the lower ends of which pass through the ends of t-he cross-head 24v. Nuts 25a are located on the ends of these rods, above and below the cross-head, and interposed between the cross-head and the nuts above the same are coil-springs 26. These springs receive any jar resulting from a sudden downward movement of the lower ram.

Pivoted between ears 27, that depend from one of the beams l, is a lever-beam 27, upon the center of which bears the bar 22, and detachably secured to the forward end of this beam is the forked lower end 28DL of a rod 28. This rod extends upwardly through a bearing 29, fixed to the frame of the machine, the portion of said rod above the bearing being screw-threaded'and engaging in an interiorlyscrew-threaded sleeve 30, that is provided on its upper end wit-h a hand-wheel 3l. (See Fig. II.) The ears 27 and the fork at the lower end 28a of the rod 28 are provided with ya plurality of apertures to permit of the lever-beam 27EL being held at different elevations, this adjustment, together with the sleeve 30, operating on the upper end of the rod 28, determiningr the normal position of the lower ram and necessarily the position of the lower die 14 in the mold 9. l

Formed integral with and projecting laterally from the lower cylinder 3 is a tubular projection 32, to the outer end of which is bolted a flanged extension of a vertically-arranged upper cylinder 33 (see Fig. VII) of the high-pressure pump. To the lower end of this upper cylinder is secured a skelet-on frame 34, beneath which is bolted a lower cylder 35 of greater diameter than the upper cylinder 33. A piston 36 (see Fig. IX) operate-s within the lower cylinder 35, and the stem 37 of said piston passes upwardly into the upper cylinder 33, acting as a piston therein.l The chamber within the cylinder 33 is slightly larger in diameter than is the stem 37. By this construction the pressure entering beneath and elevating the piston 36 will be multiplied within the upper cylinder 33 as the stem 37 rises therein.

A valve-casing 38 is secured to the upper cylinder 33 directly opposite from the point where said upper cylinder joins the tubular projection 32, and constructed to rest upon the seat within'said valve-casing is a valve 39, in the center of which is a small valve 40. This small valve is carried by a stern 41, which extends downwardly through the casing 38, there being a collar 42 on said stem a short distance below the large valve when the latter is seated, and a spring 43 is interposed between the upper end of the stem 4l and the plug in the top of the valve-casing; Immediately beneath the valve-stem 4l and arranged to bear thereagainst is a short lever 44, (see Fig. 1,) the rear end of which is pivoted to the skeleton frame 34. A pipe 45 leads from the chamber in the valve-casing 38 below the valve to a suitably-located tank 46. (See Figs. VII and XVII.)

Carried by the piston 36 and extending upwardly through the skeleton frame 34 is a rod 47, (see Figs. I and IX,)4 which is for the purpose of indicating the movement of said piston. v

Arranged at the sides of the mold (see Fig. XVI) are small cylinders 48, in which operate the pistons 49, the upper ends of which are detachably secured to the sides of the body 7a of the upper ram. (See Fig. II.) Pressure within these auxiliary cylinders 48 beneath the pistons causes the upper ram to ascend to its limit of movement, and the pistons also serve as guides for the vertical movement of the upper ram and die carried thereby. The upward movement of this upper ram is limited by the stop-pins 50, depending from the body of the upper cylinder 6. Extending rearwardly from the mold is a table 51, immediately above the forward end of which is a hopper 52.

of which is a pocket 55, that is normally positioned immediately beneath the hopper. Fixed to the sides of the box and extending forwardly over the mold is a pair of straps 56, joined at their forward ends by a handle 57.

The box S4/constitutes the charger of the machine and fills the space between the table 51 and the hopper 52, and at the time said box is drawn forward by the handle 57 to discharge the clay from the pocket 55 into the mold the rear portion of the box acts as a cut-'off for the lower end of the hopper. Secured to one of the pins 16 (see Fig. II) and projecting laterally therefrom is an arm 58, which has fixed to its outer end an upright rod 59, the same sliding through a bearing 60 on one of the uprights 5 and carrying on its upper end a vertically-adjustable plate 6l. Pivoted to the face of this plate is a bell-crank lever 62, the longer arm of which serves as an indicating-finger, while the shorter hori- ,zo'ntal arm projects laterally into the path of travel of a finger 63, carried by the body of the upper ram. The indicating-finger of the bell-crank lever 62 is weighted, and at the outer end of said finger, on the face of the plate 6l, is a scale or series of graduated marks 64.

IOC

(See Fig. XIV.) vArranged to slide between guidestrips 53 on the table is a box 54, in the forward portion IIC Formed integral with and projecting laterally from the upper portion of the upper cylinder 6 is a tubular extension 65, to the outer end of which is secured a'valve-casing 66. (See Figs. Il and X.) Constructed to t on the seat within this casing is a valve 67, provided with downwardly extending guidewings, and in the center of said valve 67 is a small valve 68. This small valve is carried by a spring-actuated upper stem 69, that extends downwardly Within the valve-casing and is provided a short distance below said small valve with a collar 70. Operating through the lower portion ot' the valve-casing is a second lower stem 7l, which is arranged to engage the upperstein 69, said second lower stem 7l normally resting upon a lever 72, that is pivotcd to the body of the upper cylinder 6. (See Figs. I and Il.) A stand-pipe 73 is connected at its lower end by a short pipe 74 to the chamber, below the valve in the casing 66.

Secured to the frame of the machine a short distance below the mold and extending outwardly is a table or shelf 75, (see Fig. IIL) upon which are located certain valves and operating-levers, now to be described. Fixed to and extending` upwardly from the tableis a pair of brackets 76, adjacent to the righthand one of which is located a double valvecasing 77. This casing comprises a pair of vertically-arranged front and

rear cylinders

78 and 79, (see Fig. XVII,) in the upperends of which operate, respectively, the spring-actuated valve-

Steins

80 and 81, carrying the valves 82 and 83.

A tubular portion S4 of the casing 77 affords communication from the chamber above the valve 82 to the chamber below the valve 83. rlhe'upper ends of the valve-stems 80 and 81 pass through the ends of a-lever S5, ,that is journaled at its center upon a rod S6, the ends of which are seated in the upper portions of the brackets 76. Nuts E and 81u are located on the upper ends of the stems 80 and 81 above the lever S5. To the rear end of this lever S5, that is extended beyond the stem 81, is pivotally connected the lower end ot' a rod S7, (see Figs. I and XVIL) the upper end of which is connected to the lever 72, the latter controlling the

valves

67 and 68. An operating-handle 88 extends upwardly from the center of the lever and carries a locking-latch 89, the lower end of which engages on either side ot' a small segment 90, fixed to the rod 86. (See Figs. III and VI.) The handle 88 normally stands in .a forward position, during which time the valve S2 is closed and the valves 8 3, 67, and 68 are open, as shown in Fig. XVII. A second valve-casing 91, (see Figs. VIII and XVIL) identical in size and construction with the other valve-casing 77, is arranged adjacent to the left-hand bracket 76, said casing 91 being provided with the front and rear cylinders or

tubular members

92 and 93, in which operate the spring-actuated valve-stems 94 and 95, carrying on their lower ends the

valves

96 and 97. The

parts

92 and 93 are connected by a passage-way 98. The upper ends ofthe valve stems 94 and 95 extend upwardly through a lever 99, that is journaled on the rod 86, and nuts'94a and 95l are positioned on said valve-stems above the lever 99. An operating-handle 100 extends upwardly from the center of the lever 99, and the lower end of a spring-actuated locking-latch 101, carried by said handle, engages the notches of a small segment lOl, carried by the rod 86. (See Fig. V.) Seated in the table 75, between and to the rear ot' the pairs of double valves, is a valve-casing 102, (see Figs. III and XL) in which operates a valve 103,carried byaspringactuated stem 104, that extends downwardly through the valve-casing and the table. A lever 105 is pivoted at one end beneath the table 75 in such a position as that it will engage the valve-stem 104 when moved upwardly, and connected to the forward end of this lever 105 is the lower end of. a rod 106,

which extends upwardly through the table and is connected to the extended rear end of the lever 99. (See Fig. VIII.) The handle 100 of this lever 99 being normally in a rearward position the valve 96 is open and the

valves

97 and 103 closed.

Located adjacent the left-hand end of the table 75 is a valve-casing 107, (see Figs. Ill and IV,) in which operates a valve 108,carried bya spring actuated valve-stein 109, the same extending downwardly through the lower end of the casing 107 and the table. An operating-handle 110 is pivotally arranged upon a bracket 111, secured to the table 75, and carries a lever 112, the free end of which is positioned directly beneath the stem 109. The opposite end of this lever is connected to the upper end of arod 113, the lowerend of which is connected to the forward end of the lever 44. (See Figs. l and XVII.) 'lhe handle 110 is provided with a locking-latch 114, the lower end ot' which engages in the notches of a small segment 115, fixed to the edge of the table 75.

This handle normally stands in a forward position, with the free end of the lever 112 a short distance away from the lower end ofthe valve-stem 109, thus allowing the valve to stand in a closed position, the valves and 40, controlled by the lever 44, being normally held open.

Suitably located adjacent to the machine is a pressure-tank 116, containing Water which is under low pressure from a suitably-located pump 117. Leading from this tank is a pipe 118, (see Fig. XVIL) which extends direct to the chamber of the rear cylinder 79, above the valve 83 therein, and a branch 119 leads from said pipe 118 to the chamber in the rear cylinder 93, above the valve 97 therein. Extending from the pipe 118 to the tubular connection 20 at the upper end of the small auxiliary cylinder 19 is a pipe 120. A pipe 121 leads from the chamber beneath the valve 83 of the rear cylinder 79 to the lower end of one of the small auxiliary cylinders 48, there be- IKO ing a branch from said pipe 121 leading to the lower end to the opposite auxiliary cylinder 48. Extending from the pipe 118 to the chamber in the valve-casing 107, above the valve 108 therein,ris a pipe 122, and leading from the chamber of said casing 107, below the valve therein, is a pipe 123, in which is located a check-valve 124. (See Figs. I and XVII.) This pipe 123 enters the upper end of the cylinder 33, and leading from said pipe 123 (or from the upper end or" the cylinder 33) to the chamber in the casing 102, above the valve 103 therein, is a pipe 125. A pipe 126 extends from the chamber in the casing 102, below the valve 103, to the valvecasing 66 at a point between the valves therein and the tubular projection 65. Leading from the chamber beneath the valve 97 in the rear cylinder 93 to the lower end of the lower cylinder 35 is a pipe 127. Leading from the chambers beneath the

valves

82 and 96 in the

front cylinders

78 and 92 are short pipes 128, which join a waste ordischarge pipe 129, which leads to the tank 46.

The normal positions of the various parts of the machine are as seen in the diagrammatic view. The valve 83 being open, the low pressure from the tank 116 passes through the pipe 118, rear cylinder 79, and pipe 121 into the auxiliary cylinders 48. The pistons 49 on being elevated move the upper piston 7 toits upper limit of movement, and the

valves

67 and 68 being held open by the lever 72 the water forced out ot the upper cylinder 6 by said upper piston 7 passes through the valvecasing 66 and up into the stand-pipe 73. The normal pressure also passes through the pipe 120 into the auxiliary cylinder 19, holding the piston 21 at its lower limit of movement, and said piston bearing on the bar 22 necessarily holds the lower ram at its lower limit of movement, for the reason that said bar 22 and the body of the lower ram are connected by the rods 23, cross-head 24, and rods 25.

The operator to fill the mold pulls on the handle 57 and draws the same forwardly and by so doing brings the charger 55 of the box 54 into coincidence with the opening in the mold. The clay discharges into the mold and upon the lower die therein, after'whioh the charger is returned to its rearward position. The operator now takes hold of the hand-lever 88, at the same time actuating the latch 89, so as to disengage the lower end thereof from the segment 90, and throws said handlever rearwardly in the direction of the arrow. This movement draws the lever 72 away from the stem 71, allowing the

valves

67 and 68 to close, and at the same time closing the rear valve 83 and opening the front valve 82. The closing of the rear valve 83 and the opening of the front valve 82 releases the pressure within the auxiliary cylinders 48, whereupon the upper ramV and the pistons 49 within said cylinders 48 descend by gravity, thus forcing the water within said auxiliary cylinders out through the pipe 121 into the chamber of the inner cylinder 79 of the casing 77, beneath the valve 83, through the tubular portion 84, past the now open valve 82, and from thence through the pipe 129 to the tank 46. The suction created in the cylinder 6 by the descending piston 7 draws the water from the stand-pipe 73 through the

valves

67 and 68, which now act as inlets, into the cylinder 6. When the die 15, carried by the upper ram, rests upon the clay in the mold, said suction ceases and the upper ram ceases in its downward movement and the

valves

67 and 68 close by gravity, thus trapping the water within the upper cylinder 6. The operator now takes hold of the hand-lever 110, at the same time disengaging the lower end of the latch 114 from the segment 115, and pulls said handlever forwardly in the direction of the arrow. This movement rocks the lever 112, moves the rod 113 downwardly, and drops the lever 44, thus allowing the

valves

39 and 40 to close, and at the same time the valve-stem 109 is forced upwardly by the lever 112 and the valve 108 is opened. As the

valves

39 and 40 close Water is trapped in the upper cylinder 33 of the high-pressure pump and also in lthe lower cylinder 3 beneath the piston 4 of the lower ram. As the valve 108 is opened the normal or low pressure passes from the pipe 118 through the pipe 122, thence through the open valve 108, through the pipe 123 and checkvalve 124 thereimthrough the upper cylinder 33, and finally into the lower cylinder 3. This low pressure acts upon the piston 4, overcomes the pressure upon the small piston`2l within the auxiliary cylinder 19, and forces the lower ram upwardly, consequently compressing the clay somewhat between the dies 14 and 15 in the mold 9.

To obtain the high pressure and properly press the brick, the operator takes hold of the hand-lever 100, disengages the end of the latch 101 from the segment 1019, and brings said hand-lever forwardly in the direction of the arrow. This movement opens the

valves

103 and 97 and closes the front valve 96, and the normal or low pressure from the pipe 118 passes through the pipe 119, thence through the now open valve 97, and through the pipe 127 to the lower cylinder 35 of the high-pressure pump. The pressure entering said lower cylinder 35 is exerted against the piston 36, raising the same in said lower cylinder 35, and as said piston is several times greater in diameter than the stem 37, which acts as a piston in the upper cylinder 33, the pressure beneath said piston 36 will be greatly multiplied within said upper cylinder 33 as the piston 37'rises therein. Thus a high pressure is obtained, which passes simultaneously throughv the tubular extension 32 into the lower cylinder 3 below the lower ram and through the pipe 125, open valve 103, pipe 126, tubular extension 65, and into the upper cylinder 6 above the upper ram. Both rams being under high pressure are forced toward one another, and as a result the clay is properly pressed within IOO IIO

the mold 9. In order to obtain the desired and uniform thickness for all thebricks made by the machine, the gage-plate 61 is provided, the same having been properly adjusted on the rod 59. As the rams are forced together the finger 63 will engage the short arm oi the bell-crank lever 62 and cause the pointer of said bell-crank lever to move along the series of graduated marks 64. As soon as said iinger comes to the proper mark the operator reverses the lever 100 or throws the same to its original rearward position, thus closing the

valves

97 and 103 and opening the valve 96. This shuts off the higlvpressuie pump from the upper ram and releases the high pressure from the lower ram. The operator now movesthe hand-lever 88 to its original forward position, this actuation first elevating the valve-stem 69 to unseat the small valve 68, which relieves the upper ram from high pressure. Then the large valve 67 is opened, and the water in the cylinder 6 passes upwardly into the stand-pipe 73 as the pistou 7 rises in said cylinder. Immediately at'ter the valve 67 opens the outlet front valve 82 closes and the inlet rear valve 83 is opened to allow the normal or low pressure to pass into the cylinders 48 to elevate the pistons 49 and the upper ram. As this action takes place the low pressure forces the lower ram upwardly7 until the pins 16 engageagainst the stop-plates 17. This brings the lower die 14 on a level with the top of the mold 9, and the brick carried upon said die is now removed, The upper ram passes upwardly until it engages against the stop-pins 50. After the brick has been removed the operator moves the hand-lever 110 toits original rearward position. This actuation allows the valve 108 to close and then unseats the small valve 40 to relieve the low pressure from beneath the lower rain, and immediately following the large valve 39 is opened to allow the water below the lower ram and in the upper cylinder 33 to discharge into the tank 46. The normal pressure to the upper cylinder 33 of the highpressure pump is cutoff by the closing of the valve 108, said normal pressure now entering the auxiliary cylinder 19 through the pipe 120 to force the piston 21 and lower ram downwardly to their original positions, thus completing the operation.

From the foregoing it will be observed that when the hand-lever 88 is moved in the direction of the arrow, Fig. XVII, the water will exhaust from the auxiliary cylinders 48 to the tank 46 and permit the upper ram to descend, and as it does so water flows into the upper cylinder 6 from the stand-pipe 73; 'that when the hand-lever 110 is moved in the direction of the arrow the valves 39 and 40 are closed and the valve 108 opened, thus establishing communication between the lowpressure pump 116 and the cylinder of the lower ram, the water passing through the high-pressure pump 33 and the pipe 32; that when the lever 100 is moved in the direction of the arrow a communication will be established betwem the pipe 126 and the upper cylinder of the upper ram through the valve 103, and then a communication will be es.- tablished between the low and high pressure pumps through the pipe 118, valve 97, and pipe 127, the communication between the high-pressure pump and the cylinder of the lower ram remaining open; that by moving the hand-lever 100 to its original position the high pressure is cutoff from the lower cylinder (by the opening of the valve 96, which allows the water beneath the piston 36 to es-4 cape through the pipes 127, 128, and 129 to the tank 46) and the high pressure is cut od from the cylinder of the upper ram by the closing of the valve 103; that by moving lever 88 to its original position the pressure is relieved in the cylinder of the upper ram by the opening of valves '67 and 68 and the low pressure is admitted through valve 83 to the cylinders 48, thus causing the upper ram to be raised, while theV lower ram follows it up under the low water-pressure to eject the bricks, and that by moving the lever 110 when the bricks have been raised to the top of the mold the valve 108 will close, thus shutting o the low-pressure pump from the cylinder of the lower ram and releasing low waterpressure in the cylinder of the lower ram by opening valves 39 and 40, whereupon the lower ram will descend under the force exerted by low water-pressure entering the cylinder 19 through the pipe 120, the above-described movement of the-different levers being given in the order of their sequence.

It will be understood that when the pressure is released beneath the piston 36 the piston will be caused to descend under the pressure in the upper cylinder I claim as my inventionl. In a brick-machine, the combination of upper and lower rains, pistons carrying the rams, cylinders in which the pistons tit, a lowpressure pump for imparting the initial pressure to the lower ram and for lifting the upper ram, a high-pressure pump for giving the iinal pressure to the upper and lower rams, a valve controlling communication between the low-pressure pump and the cylinder of the lower ram, a check-valve between the lastmentioned valve and the lower ram, a pivoted lever for moving said controlling-valve, a valve located in the high-pressure pump, a lever for moving the last-mentioned valve,

and a connection between said levers whereby when the lirst-mentioned valve is opened to establish a communication between the lowpressure pump and the cylinder of the lower ram through the high-pressure pump, the lastmentioned valve is closed to shut off communication between the high-pressure pump and the discharge or waste pipe thereof, substantially as set forth.

2. A brick-machine comprising an upper cylinder, a piston carrying a ram and working in the upper cylinder, a tubular extension IOO (s t l 661,864

to the upper cylinder, a low-pressure tank,'a high-pressure pump consisting of a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder having a valve-casing and a piston in the lower cylinder having a stem working in the upper cylinder of the high-pressure pump, an outlet-valve having a pendent stem and located -in the valve-casing, an independent valve-casing having a valve provided with a pendent stem, a pipeconnecting the lowpressure tank with the independent valve-casing, a pipe having a check-valve and connecting the independent valve-casing with the upper cylinder of the high-pressure pump, a valve-lever on which the stem of the valve in the upper cylinder of the high-pressure pump is supported, an operating-lever on which the stein of the valve in the independent valve-casing is supported, a rod whereby the levers are connected, a pipe having a controlling-valve provided with a pendent stem and connecting the upper cylinder of the high-pressure pump with the tubular'extension of the upper rain-cylinder, a lever on which the controlling-valve stem is supported, a valve-casing constructed with connected valve-cylinders, an inlet-valve havingastem and located in one valve-cylinder, an outlet-valve having a stem and located in the other valve-cylinder, a pipe connecting the low-pressu re tank with the inlet-cylind er, a pipe connecting the inlet-cylinder withv the lower cylinder of the high-pressure pump, and an operating-lever with which the stems ofthe inlet and outlet valves are connected, having a rod connecting it with the lever 'of the controlling-valve.

3. A brick-machine comprising a lower cylinder, a piston carrying a ram and working in the lower cylinder, a tubular projection to the lower cylinder, a low-pressure tank, a high-pressure pump consisting of a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder with which the tubular projection is connected, having a valvecasing and a piston in the lower cylinder of the high-pressure pump having a stem working in the upper cylinder, an outlet-valve having a pendent stem and located in the valve-casing, an independent. valve-casing having a valve provided with a pendent stem, a pipe connecting the low-pressure tank with the independent valve-casing, a pipe having a check-valve and connecting the independent valve-casing with the upper cylinder, a valve-lever on which the stem of the Valve in the upper cylinder is supported, an operating-lever on which the-stem of the valve in the independent valve-casing is supported, and a rod whereby the levers are connected.

4. A brick-machine comprising a lower cylinder, a piston carrying a ram and working in the lower cylinder, a' tubular projection to the lower cylinder, a low-pressure tank, a high-pressure pump consisting of a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder,`with which the tubular projection is connected, havinga valvecasing and a piston in the lower cylinder of the high-pressure pump having a stem working in the upper cylinder, an outlet-valve having a pendent stem and located in the vvalve-casin,., f, an independent valvecasing having a valve pro vided with a pendent stem, a pipe connecting the low-pressure tank with the independent valve-casing, a pipe having a check-valve and connecting the independent valve-casing with the upper cylinder, a valve-lever on which the stern of the valvein Vthe upper cylinder is supported, an operating-lever on which the stem of the valve in the independent valve-casing is supported, a rod whereby the levers are connected,a valvecasing constructed with connected Valve-cylinders, an inlet-valve having a stem, and located in one valve-cylinder, an outlet-valve having a stem and located in the other valvecylinder, a pipe connecting the low-pressure tankwith the inlet-cylinder, a pipe connecting the inlet-cylinder with the lower cylinder of the high-pressure pump, and an operating-lever with which the stems of the inlet and outlet valves are connected.

5. In a brick-machine, the combination of upper and lower rams, means for operating the rams, and an indicator consisting of a rod carried by one of the rams, a graduated plate adjustably secured to the rod, a finger pivoted to the plate, and a projection carried by the other ram for engaging said finger, su bstantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 25th day of April, 1900.

WILLIS N. GRAVES.

In presence of- E. S. KNIGHT, M. P. SMITH.