US565113A

US565113A - graves

Info

Publication number: US565113A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1896-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 1913-08-04

Description

^ zsheets-Sheet 1.

(No "del') w. N. GRAVES.

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE. lila-565,113. Patentedv Aug. 4, 1896. E191? www (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Skeet 2.

W. N. GRAVES. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

No. 565,113. Patented AugA', 1896.

E'gl yllf i Eig j@ UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VIL'LIS N. GRAVES, OF ST. LOUIS, M ISSOUR, ASSIGNOR TO THE HYDRAULIC FRESSBRIOK COMPANY, OF SAME PLAGE.

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 565,1 13, dated August 4, 1896.

Application led January 13, 1896. 'Serial No. 575,347. (No model.)

To (MZ whom t v71mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIS N. GRAVES, of the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Brick-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact dej scription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciiication.

ln making bricks of different kinds of clay, considerable difference exists in the speed with whichthe bricks can be ejected from the mold after the pressing is completed, without danger of their bursting, owing to air, under high pressure, being Vconfined within the clay of the bricks. W'ith some clays the bricks can be quickly ejected from the mold without danger of their being injured by the escapeot` the confined air, the clay being suiiiciently porous to permit a free escape of the air. lf the bricks were ejected withthis speed when made of other clays, they would burst under the confined-air pressure before the air could escape through the pores, and the speed with which the bricks can be ejected varies with different kinds of clay. Some clays require but a slightlyslower movement in the ejection of the bricks than the clays that permit of the bricks being ejected as quickly as possible, while other clays require the bricks to be ejected considerably slower to avoid danger of bursting. It has been the practice, to avoid this bursting, to slow down the machinery as a whole, so that the bricks will not be ejected too rapidly. This is expensive, as it materially lessens the daily capacity of the press.

The object of my invention is to providel means for regulating, at will, the speed with which the bricks are ejected, while at the same time the remainder of the apparatus is allowed to run at full speed, and thereby the full capacity ofthe press maintained. This I do bythe mechanism shown in the drawings, in which- Figure I is anelevation, part in section, of a brick-press providedjwith my'improvement, the part that is shown in section being taken on f line I l, Fig. Ill. Fig. II is a detail vertical section taken on line Il Il, Fig. I. Fig. III is a top view ofthe valve-chest. Fig. IVis an elevation showing my improvement applied to what is known as a pony press. Fig. V is part in section and part inelevation, showing the part to which my improvement relates and the Vlow-pressure valve of the lower-ram cylinder. Fig. Vl is an enlarged vertical section oi the valve which admits water to the cylinder that operates upon said valve that admits low-pressure water to the lower-ram cylinder.

' Figs. I to Ill of the drawings show my improvement applied to the general class of hydraulic brick-machines shown and described in my Patent No. 326,288, issued September 15, 1885, and l have designated the parts in this Aapplication by the same reference-letters used to designate them in said patent, T12 representing the valve T12 of said patent, N N representing the pipes N N of said patent, Nv representing the rock-shaft N' ot said patent, and l5 representing the valve chest or box l5 of said patent, this chest or box being provided with the same valves as in the said patent. Y

'The valve T12 is at the proper time completely closed and held closed by the same mechanism as illustrated and described in the patent referred to, and I have applied the same reference-letters to these parts, so far as they are shown, as are used in the said patent, without further (llescribing the varilous parts here, reference being made to said patent for a description of these parts.

My present invention relates to a mechanism or partially closing the valve T12 in advance of the movement of the mechanism consisting of the lever T and its coacting parts of said patent, so that the valve T12 is partially closed tocause a reduced flow of low water-pressure to cause the bricks to be ejected from the mold more slowly than they would be ejected if this valve remained fully open untilclosed by the lever T, which action takes place when the bricks have been entirely ejected. This mechanism'for partially closing the valve T12 consists of a cylinder l, connected at its upper end bya pipe 2 to one of the'pipes N. Within the cylinder l is a piston 3, having a rod 4 extending through a cross-head 5, supported by rods 6, which also support the cylinder 1. Beneath the--piston'is'a coiled spring 7, which acts to raise the piston when the water-pressure in the pipe 2 and the upper part of the cylin-n der 1 is removed. On the lower end of the rod 4 is an open head 3, that receives the up-A per end of the stem T11 of the valve T12. The stem T14 has a collar 10 beneath the head 8. The end of the lever T fits in the opening in the head S, as shown in Fig. II, and is adapted to bear upon the upper end of the stem T11.

Vhen thevalve that admits water to the pipe N is opened, (which is the time that low waterpressure is admitted to raise the lower ram and eject the bricks,) water passes through the pipe 2 into the cylinder 1 above the piston 3, causing the piston to descend, and moving the valve T12 toward a closed position, the valve being moved by the head S, coming against the collar 10. The valve is not entirely closed by the piston 3, but is only closed sufficiently far to allow the passage of an amount of water through the valve T12 that will cause the lower plunger to move upwardly at the desired rate of speed to eject the bricks as quickly as it can be done without danger of their exploding or bursting. The amount of movement of the valve T12 must be regulated to suit the kind of clay being handled, for, as stated, some clays require a slower ejection of the bricks than others. This regulation of the movement of the valve T12 by the piston 3 is effected by a nut and jam-nut 11 on the rod 4 above the cross-head 5, these nuts being adjusted up or down according to the amount of movement it is desired that the piston 3 shall produce on the valve T12. This forms a very effective and simple means for regulating the movement of the valve T12 by the piston When the bricks are ejected, the lever T and its mechanism operates as described in said patent, and the valve T12 is forced shut by the lever bearing on the upper end of the stem T11, the lever forcing the collar 10 away from the head 8, as shown in Fig. II.

In Figs. IV to VI, I have shown myinvention applied to a different form of mechanism for iinally closing and holding closed the valve T12. In Fig. V there are shown the same parts as are illustrated in Fig. II. The mechanism for closing and holding closed the valve T12 in this modification consists of a crank S6 on a shaft 85, the crank being connected by a rod 87 to one end of a lever 88, pivoted to the housing of the valve T12. The rod 87 is provided with a suitable spring-cushion 92. Vhen the shaft is rocked, the toggle formed by the crank 86 and rod S7 act to depress the inner end of the lever 88, which, as shown in Fig. V, engages the stem of the valve T12, and the valve is thus forced to and held in its closed position. When the shaft 85 is rocked in the other direction, the valve is released. (J7 represents a pipe forming a communica tion between the low-pressure cylinder of the machine and the main valve-chest.

12 represents a pipe forming a communication between the pipe (37 and the cylinder 1, and water passing through this pipe 12 acts upon the valve T12 through the medium of the piston 3, asalready described with reference to Fig. II. In this form of press the waterpressure is removed from pipe 67 before the lower'plun ger has ejected the bricks from the mold, so that it becomes necessary to entrap the water in cylinder 1 to hold the valve T12 in the position to which it has been moved by the piston 3, and this is accomplished by means of a valve 13, located in pipe 12. (See Figs. IV and VI.) This valve is normally held to its seat by a spring 14, but when water-pressure is admitted to pipe 12 the valve 13 opens and allows the passage of the water to the cylinder 1. As soon, however, as the Water-pressure is removed in pipe 67 the spring 14c closes the valve 13 and the waterpressure is held in cylinder 1. To release the water-pressure in cylinder 1 after thebricks have been ejected, I employ a crank or arm 165. This arm is moved by the charger, and as the charger advances a projection thereon comes against the stem 15 of the valve 13 and opens the valve, releasing the water-pressure in cylinder 1 and permitting the water to be forced from the cylinder l by means of the spring '7, which raises the piston I claim as my invention- 1. In a hydraulic brickemachine the combination of upper and lower rams, a valve for admitting water to raise the lower ram to eject the bricks, and means for partially closing said valve to diminish the speed of the lower ram in ejecting the bricks, and mechanism for fully closingsaid valve after the bricks have been ejected, substantially as set forth.

2. In a hydraulic brick-machine the combination of upper and lower rams, a valve for admitting water to raise the lower ram to eject the bricks, and adjustable means for partially closing said valve to diminish the speed of the lower ram in ej ectin g the bricks, whereby the valve may be moved a greater or lesser distance, and mechanism for fully closing said valve after the bricks have been ejected, substantially as set forth.

3. In a hydraulic brickmachine the combination of upper and lower rams, a valve for admitting water to raise the lower ram to eject the bricks, and means for partiallyelosing said valve to diminish the speed of the lower ram in eject-ing the bricks, and mechanism for fully closing said valve after the bricks have been ejected; said means consisting essentially of a cylinder, a water-pipe communicating with the cylinder, a piston located in the cylinder, a spring beneath the piston, arod depending from said piston and adapted to bear against the stem of said valve, a crosshead through which said rod passes, and a nut on said rod adapted to arrest the downward movement of said piston by coming against said cross-head, substantially as set forth.

WILLIS N. GRAVES.

In presence of? GEO. H. KNIGHT, E. S. KNIGHT.

IOO

IIO