US6530684B1 - Preparation of liquid dispersions - Google Patents
Preparation of liquid dispersions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6530684B1 US6530684B1 US09/455,135 US45513599A US6530684B1 US 6530684 B1 US6530684 B1 US 6530684B1 US 45513599 A US45513599 A US 45513599A US 6530684 B1 US6530684 B1 US 6530684B1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- bore
- inlet
- nozzles
- turbulence chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
- A61K9/1075—Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/421—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path
- B01F25/422—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path between stacked plates, e.g. grooved or perforated plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
- B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
- B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/06—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C403/08—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms by hydroxy groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
- B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
- B01F2215/0431—Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
- B01F2215/0436—Operational information
- B01F2215/0468—Numerical pressure values
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
- B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
- B01F2215/0436—Operational information
- B01F2215/0472—Numerical temperature values
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
Definitions
- the present invention provides a process for mixing or dispersing liquids.
- a process for the production of a finely divided liquid dispersion is provided, as well as mixing devices for carrying out the process.
- European Patent Publication EP 0776 997 A1 describes a method for the production of a finely divided dispersion of solids in which a pre-dispersion is pumped through one or more slotted nozzles.
- the particle size of the dispersed phase lies in the region of 0.01 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the nozzle bore is 0.05 mm to 1 mm.
- the ratio of bore length to bore diameter is 1:1 to 1:10.
- a preferred combination includes a device which has two nozzle bodies with the nozzles lying opposite their outlet. Also described are devices in which the crude dispersion or pre-dispersion is pumped through two or more nozzles having an equal or decreasing bore diameter.
- the slotted nozzle suitably consists of a ceramic material, for example, zirconium oxide, or a metal coated with ceramic.
- One embodiment of the invention is a process for mixing or dispersing liquids that includes introducing liquids to be mixed or dispersed into a mixing device having a cylindrical support.
- the cylindrical support includes an inlet nozzle having a bore which is in fluid communication through a turbulence chamber with a bore of an outlet nozzle, wherein the bores of the nozzles are axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- the liquids then enter the turbulence chamber through the bore of the inlet nozzle where the liquids are subjected to turbulence, i.e., are mixed or dispersed.
- the mixed or dispersed product is thereafter recovered from the outlet nozzle.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment of the present invention is a mixing device having a cylindrical support.
- the cylindrical support includes an inlet nozzle having a bore which is in fluid communication through a turbulence chamber with a bore of an outlet nozzle, wherein the bores of the nozzles are axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- Another embodiment of the invention is a scale up arrangement wherein a plurality of nozzles are disposed within the cylindrical support.
- a further embodiment of the invention is a scale up arrangement that includes a first support disk, a turbulence chamber, and a second support disk, which are positioned in sequence in a conduit.
- the first support disk consists of a plurality of inlet nozzles having a bore diameter of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm.
- the second support disk contains a plurality of outlet nozzles having a bore diameter of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm.
- the bores of the inlet nozzles are in fluid communication with the bores of the outlet nozzles through the turbulence chamber and the bores of the inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles are axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram for carrying out the process in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a mixing device in accordance with the invention having an inlet nozzle and an outlet nozzle.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the mixing device in accordance with the invention.
- FIGS. 4 ( a-c ) shows a scale up arrangement.
- FIG. 5 shows another a scale up arrangement.
- the present invention solves the problem of the previously described devices by pumping the liquids to be mixed or to be dispersed at temperatures of about 20° C. to about 250° C., preferably of about 20° C. to about 200° C., and pressures of about 50 bar to about 2500 bar, preferably of about 100 bar to about 800 bar, through a mixing device which consists of one or more inlet nozzles, one or more turbulence chambers and one or more outlet nozzles, with the inlet nozzle(s), turbulence chamber(s) and outlet nozzle(s) being pressed in sequence in a cylindrical support.
- the bores of the inlet nozzles are in fluid communication with the bores of the outlet nozzles through the turbulence chamber and the bores of the inlet and outlet nozzles are axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- the process of the invention is especially suitable for the production of finely divided dispersions having average particle sizes of about 10 nm to about 1000 nm, preferably of about 50 nm to about 400 nm.
- a pre-emulsion is pumped through the aforementioned mixing device (dispersing unit).
- the pre-emulsion is at temperatures of about 20° C. to about 250° C., preferably of about 20° C. to about 200° C., and pressures of about 50 bar to about 2500 bar, preferably of about 100 bar to about 800 bar.
- the residence time of the liquids to be mixed or to be dispersed in the mixing device is about 10 ⁇ 6 sec to about 10 ⁇ 1 sec.
- pre-emulsion denotes one of the following systems:
- lipophilic active substance includes vitamins A, D, E and K, carotenoids, and food additives, such as PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) and tocotrienols.
- the liquid to be dispersed is preferably stirred into an aqueous emulsifier solution, optionally while warming.
- the processes for the production of finely divided liquid dispersions set forth herein relate not only to processes used in the food manufacturing field in which food emulsifiers are used, but also in general industrial dispersion processes in which corresponding industrial emulsifiers are used. Processes which are used in the food manufacturing field are preferred.
- suitable emulsifiers/stabilizers for dispersions which may be added to foods include, for example, ascorbyl palmitate, lecithins, polysorbates, sugar esters, fatty acid esters, citric acid esters, sorbitol stearates; as well as colloids, for example gelatines and fish gelatines; carbohydrates, for example starches and starch derivatives such as dextrin, pectin or gum arabic; milk proteins and plant proteins. Mixtures of the aforementioned substances can also be used. Ascorbyl palmitate, fish gelatines or starch derivatives are preferred, with ascorbyl palmitate being especially preferred.
- Suitable industrial emulsifiers are, for example, lauryl ethylene oxide (LEO)-9 and (LEO)-10.
- the process in accordance with the invention is especially suitable for the production of liquid dispersions from oils, such as, for example, corn oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, and the like.
- oils such as, for example, corn oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, and the like.
- the present process may also be used to produce liquid dispersions from lipophilic active substances, such as, for example, from vitamin A, D, E, and K, from carotenoids or from food additives such as PUFAs and tocotrienols.
- suitable carotenoids include, for example, beta-carotene, beta-apo-4′-carotenal, beta-apo-8′-carotenal, beta-apo-12′-carotenal, beta-apo-8′-carotenoic acid, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, citranaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, torularodin aldehyde, torularodin ethyl ester, neurosporaxanthin ethyl ester, zetacarotene, dehydroplectania-xanthin and the like.
- the aforementioned lipophilic active substances may be used directly insofar as they are oily substances.
- Solid active substances for example carotenoids, may also be used in dissolved form in oil or in water-immiscible solvents.
- Suitable water-immiscible solvents that may be used in the present invention include halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as for example, methylene chloride, water-immiscible esters, such as carboxylic acid dimethyl ester (dimethyl carbonate), ethyl formate, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl acetate; or water-immiscible ethers such as for example, methyl tert.butyl ether, and the like.
- halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as for example, methylene chloride
- water-immiscible esters such as carboxylic acid dimethyl ester (dimethyl carbonate), ethyl formate, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl acetate
- water-immiscible ethers such as for example, methyl tert.butyl ether, and the like.
- the process in accordance with the invention provides a very efficient mixing or dispersing process for liquids.
- the mixing or dispersing process in accordance with the invention is also suitable for performing chemical reactions having very short reaction times, for example on the order of seconds or fractions of seconds.
- the mixing device in accordance with the invention has, in contrast to the known devices described above, an arrangement of the bores of the inlet and outlet nozzles which is axially spaced apart relative to one another.Thus, by the turbulence chamber being positioned between the nozzles, the short term stability of mixtures, especially of dispersions, is increased. This results in a liquid dispersion that is homogenized more strongly.
- a supply container ( 1 ) is followed by a high pressure pump ( 2 ) which is optionally connected to a heat exchanger ( 3 ).
- the mixing device ( 4 ) is positioned thereafter.
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a mixing device ( 4 ) consisting of an inlet nozzle ( 6 ) having a bore diameter of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm, preferably about 0.05 mm to about 0.5 mm; a turbulence chamber ( 7 ) having a diameter of about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm, preferably about 1 mm to about 10 mm, such as about 1 mm to about 5 mm; an outlet nozzle ( 8 ) having a bore diameter of about 0.05 mm to about 1.5 mm, preferably about 0.05 mm to about 0.8 mm, with the inlet nozzle ( 6 ), the turbulence chamber ( 7 ) and the outlet nozzle ( 8 ) being pressed in sequence in a cylindrical support ( 5 ).
- the inlet nozzle is in fluid communication with the outlet nozzle via the turbulence chamber.
- the bores of the nozzles are axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- fluid communication is intended to mean that liquids to be mixed or dispersed enter the turbulence chamber through the bore of the inlet nozzle. Once in the turbulence chamber, the liquids are mixed and then exit the chamber via the bore of the outlet nozzle.
- the bores of the nozzles are said to be axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- the bores of the inlet and outlet nozzles are positioned on opposite sides of the axis of the chamber.
- the ratio of length to diameter of each nozzle bore amounts in the case of the inlet nozzle or the outlet nozzle to about 1 to 10, preferably about 1 to 5.
- the ratio of length to diameter of the turbulence chamber is about 0.5 to about 50, preferably about 0.5 to about 20, such as about 0.5 to about 10.
- the diameter of the turbulence chamber must be greater than the diameter of the outlet nozzle.
- the bore diameters of the inlet nozzle and the outlet nozzle may be the same or different. However, an embodiment in which the bore diameter of the inlet nozzle is smaller than the bore diameter of the outlet nozzle is preferred.
- the bore diameter of the inlet nozzle is about 0.2 mm and the bore diameter of the outlet nozzle is about 0.25 mm.
- the nozzles are suitably manufactured from wear-resistant materials such as e.g. sapphire, diamond, stainless steel, ceramic, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, zirconium, and the like.
- the bores of the nozzles may be round, rectangular, or elliptical.
- a bore which has a cone in the mouth is also suitable.
- the cylindrical support ( 5 ) likewise consists of wear-resistant materials, suitably of stainless steel.
- FIG. 4 shows one possibility for the scale up of the mixing device.
- Section 4 a shows a plurality of nozzles in accordance with the invention with nozzle inserts ( 11 ), which are secured to a support plate ( 10 ).
- the nozzle inserts may be secured to the support plate by any conventional means, such as for example, they may be screwed into the support plate.
- the support plate is positioned in a conduit ( 9 ) (cylindrical support).
- Cross section 4 b shows only one nozzle insert ( 11 ′).
- the nozzle insert ( 11 ′), the support plate ( 10 ) as well as the conduit ( 9 ) are manufactured from wear-resistant materials, preferably stainless steel.
- Section 4 c shows the screwable nozzle support ( 11 ′′) which contains the nozzle ( 4 c ) in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 5 shows another scale up arrangement.
- the mixing device consisting of a support disk ( 12 ), a turbulence chamber ( 13 ) and a support disk ( 14 ), which are positioned in sequence in a tubular conduit ( 15 ), with the first support disk ( 12 ) containing a plurality of inlet nozzles ( 16 ) having a bore diameter of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm, preferably about 0.05 mm to about 0.5 mm, and the second support disk ( 14 ) containing a plurality of outlet nozzles ( 17 ) having a bore diameter of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm, preferably about 0.05 mm to about 0.8 mm.
- the bores of the inlet nozzles are in fluid communication with the bores of the outlet nozzles through the turbulence chamber and the bores of the inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles are axially spaced apart relative to one another.
- the number of nozzles determines the diameter of the turbulence chamber ( 13 ).
- the ratio of length to diameter of the turbulence chamber is designed such that the residence time of a liquid to be dispersed in the dispersing unit is about 10 ⁇ 6 sec to about 10 ⁇ 1 sec.
- a pre-emulsion is first produced in the supply container ( 1 ) in a known manner and pumped through the dispersing unit ( 4 ) at temperatures of about 20° C. to about 250° C., preferably about 20° C. to about 200° C., and pressures of about 50 bar to about 2500 bar, preferably about 50 bar to about 800 bar, using a high pressure pump ( 2 ).
- the pre-emulsion may be heated for a brief period in the heat exchanger ( 3 ).
- the residence time of the liquid to be dispersed in the dispersing unit ( 4 ) is about 10 ⁇ 6 sec to about 10 ⁇ 1 sec.
- the emulsion had the following composition: 87 wt. % deionized water, 10 wt. % corn oil, and 3 wt. % lauryl ethylene oxide-9.
- Deionized water was placed in a kettle and warmed to 40° C.
- the emulsifier lauryl ethylene oxide (LEO)-9 was dissolved in the water.
- the corn oil was stirred in and comminuted with an ULTRA TURRAX mixer at 1000 rpm.
- the content of dispersed phase was 10 wt. %
- the weight ratio of corn oil to lauryl ethylene oxide was 10:3.
- the pre-emulsion was homogenized three times at a pressure of 600 bar using the dispersing unit set forth in FIG. 2 in accordance with the invention.
- the geometric dimensions of the dispersing units used are set forth in Table 1.
- the particle sizes were determined in a known manner by means of photon correlation spectroscopy.
- Example 1 Deionized water was placed in a kettle and warmed to 40° C. Ascorbyl palmitate was dissolved in the water at pH values between seven and eight. The production of the pre-emulsion and the homogenization were carried out according to Example 1.
- a pre-emulsion was produced in accordance with Example 2.
- the content of the dispersed phase was 30 wt. %.
- the weight ratio of dl-alpha-tocopherol to ascorbyl palmitate was 10:1.
- the pre-emulsion was homogenized once at pressures of 100 bar, 200 bar, 300 bar, 400 bar and 500 bar using the dispersing unit in accordance with the invention shown in FIG. 2 .
- the deionized water was placed in a kettle and warmed to 60° C.
- the fish gelatine was dissolved in the water.
- the ascorbyl palmitate was dissolved in the aforementioned solution at pH values between seven and eight.
- the dispersed phase including dl-alpha-tocopherol and corn oil was stirred in as described in Example 1.
- the pre-emulsion was homogenized in accordance with Example 4.
- Examples 6-10 are comparative Examples using a single-hole nozzle.
- the pre-emulsion was produced in accordance with Example 1 and homogenized three times at a pressure of 600 bar in a single-hole nozzle.
- the single-hole nozzle had an acute angled inlet and outlet.
- the geometric dimensions of the single-hole nozzle are given in Table 1.
- the pre-emulsion was produced in accordance with Example 2 and homogenized in the manner described in EXAMPLE 6.
- the pre-emulsion was produced in accordance with Example 3 and homogenized in the manner described in Example 6.
- the pre-emulsion was produced in accordance with Example 4 and homogenized once in a single-hole nozzle as described in Example 6 at pressures of 100 bar, 200 bar, 300 bar, 400 bar and 500 bar.
- the particle size was determined in a known manner by means of laser diffraction spectrometry and photon correlation spectroscopy.
- the pre-emulsion was produced in accordance with Example 5 and homogenized once in a single-hole nozzle as described in Example 6 at pressures of 100 bar, 200 bar, 300 bar, 400 bar and 500 bar.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 |
Geometric dimensions of the dispersing units used. |
Length of | ||||
Bore diameter | Bore diameter | the | Bore diameter | |
of the inlet | of the | turbulence | of the | |
Nozzle | nozzle | turbulence | chamber | outlet nozzle |
type | [mm] | chamber [mm] | [mm] | [mm] |
Nozzle I | 0.2 | 2 | 1.5 | 0.25 |
Nozzle I | 0.2 | 2 | 3 | 0.28 |
long | ||||
Nozzle II | 0.2 | 2 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
Single- | 0.2 | — | — | — |
hole | ||||
nozzle | ||||
TABLE 2 |
Average particle sizes in nm of |
Passage 1 | Passage 2 | Passage 3 | ||
Example | Nozzle type | Particle size | Particle size | Particle size |
1 | Nozzle I | 218 | 202 | 202 |
0.2/0.25 mm | 219 | 215 | 200 | |
1 | Nozzle II | 230 | 214 | 212 |
0.2/0.2 mm | 231 | 220 | 208 | |
6 | single-hole | 307 | 256 | 247 |
nozzle | 298 | 250 | 248 | |
0.2 mm | ||||
2 | Nozzle I | 275 | 250 | 238 |
0.2/0.25 mm | ||||
2 | Nozzle II | 294 | 266 | 245 |
0.2/0.2 |
||||
7 | single-hole | 340 | 320 | 275 |
nozzle | ||||
0.2 mm | ||||
3 | Nozzle I | 295 | 287 | 267 |
0.2/0.25 mm | ||||
3 | Nozzle II | 312 | 294 | 302 |
0.2/0.2 |
||||
8 | single-hole | 442 | 416 | 403 |
nozzle | ||||
0.2 mm | ||||
TABLE 3 |
Average particle sizes in nm of |
100 bar | 200 bar | 300 bar | 400 bar | 500 bar | ||
Particle | Particle | Particle | Particle | Particle | ||
Nozzle | size | size | size | size | size | |
Ex. | type | [nm] | [nm] | [nm] | [nm] | [nm] |
4 | Nozzle I | 1800 | 1370 | 1400 | 1105 | 1080 |
0.2/0.25 | ||||||
mm | ||||||
4 | Nozzle | 1370 | 740 | 745 | 660 | 600 |
I/long | ||||||
0.2/0.28 | ||||||
|
||||||
9 | Single-hole | 5200 | 3080 | 1520 | 1370 | 914 |
nozzle | ||||||
0.2 mm | ||||||
5 | Nozzle I | 435 | 410 | 340 | 350 | 345 |
0.2/0.25 | ||||||
mm | ||||||
5 | Nozzle | 420 | 410 | 360 | 325 | 290 |
I/long | ||||||
0.2/0.28 | ||||||
|
||||||
10 | Single-hole | 440 | 430 | 360 | 350 | 355 |
nozzle | ||||||
0.2 mm | ||||||
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/174,178 US6536940B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2002-06-18 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
US10/355,833 US6722780B2 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-01-31 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98123237 | 1998-12-07 | ||
EP98123237 | 1998-12-07 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/174,178 Division US6536940B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2002-06-18 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
US10/355,833 Division US6722780B2 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-01-31 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US6530684B1 true US6530684B1 (en) | 2003-03-11 |
Family
ID=8233099
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/455,135 Expired - Lifetime US6530684B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-06 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
US10/174,178 Expired - Lifetime US6536940B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2002-06-18 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
US10/355,833 Expired - Lifetime US6722780B2 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-01-31 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/174,178 Expired - Lifetime US6536940B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2002-06-18 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
US10/355,833 Expired - Lifetime US6722780B2 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-01-31 | Preparation of liquid dispersions |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6530684B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1008380B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000167368A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100685540B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1128658C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE261336T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9907453A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2291565A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69915434T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1008380T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2216423T3 (en) |
IN (1) | IN189920B (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030194965A1 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2003-10-16 | Paschke Nicolas B. | Fabric flow restriction and method for conveying a volume of air |
US20070211570A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2007-09-13 | Manfred Schauerte | Static mixing element and method of mixing a drilling liquid |
US20090003123A1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-01 | Morrison Jr Lowen Robert | Apparatus and method for mixing by producing shear and/or cavitation, and components for apparatus |
US20090073801A1 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2009-03-19 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for producing finely divided liquid-liquid formulations, and the uses of the liquid-liquid formulations |
US20090199656A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-13 | Sunita Rani | Systems and methods for managing pressure and flow rate |
US20130186493A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-07-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Bi-directional fluid flow regulator with funnel shaped baffles |
US20130215709A1 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-22 | Bengt Olle Hinderson | Mixing device |
US8759278B2 (en) | 2010-01-13 | 2014-06-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of producing a fabric softening composition |
US20140319401A1 (en) * | 2013-04-29 | 2014-10-30 | Delavan Inc | Directionally biased valve |
US20170056846A1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2017-03-02 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Static mixer |
Families Citing this family (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1222957A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-17 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Process and device for producing a food grade oil-in-water emulsion |
PE20020564A1 (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2002-07-24 | Nestle Sa | FOOD EMULSION OIL IN WATER OF MAYONNAISE TYPE THAT HAS A REDUCED LEVEL OF FAT, AND PROCESS FOR ITS PREPARATION |
EP1206914A1 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2002-05-22 | Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. | An oil-in-water emulsion and a process for its preparation |
JP2002248328A (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-09-03 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Emulsifying/dispersing device |
US20060096650A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2006-05-11 | Sawchuk Blaine D | Non-linear noise suppressor for perforated plate flow conditioner |
US10463061B2 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2019-11-05 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Modified plant gums for preparations of active ingredients |
JP4686258B2 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2011-05-25 | 本多機工株式会社 | Micro bubble generator |
US9615601B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2017-04-11 | Jimmyash Llc | Process for the controlled introduction of oil into food products |
CA2908275C (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2019-04-09 | Jimmyash Llc | Fried food products having reduced fat content |
EP1933639B1 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2016-08-17 | JimmyAsh LLC | Methods of making snack food products and products made thereby |
US20100186288A1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2010-07-29 | Nanomizer Inc. | Method for production of emulsion fuel and apparatus for production of the fuel |
JP2008100182A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-05-01 | Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd | Emulsification apparatus and apparatus for manufacturing particulate |
SE530577C2 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-07-08 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Method for treating a whey protein concentrate by microparticulation |
KR100761033B1 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-10-04 | 이원도 | Device for dispersion |
CN101053754A (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2007-10-17 | 张裕光 | Micro-discharging type waste gas treating device |
KR101031401B1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2011-04-26 | 즈항 즈홍 치앙 | Devices with no emission for treatment of exhaust gas |
WO2009003111A2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2008-12-31 | H R D Corporation | High shear process for dextrose production |
US20090078003A1 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-03-26 | Glen Bennett Cook | Free-surface mixing method and apparatus therefor |
US8740450B2 (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2014-06-03 | Mg Grow Up Corp. | Static fluid mixer capable of ultrafinely mixing fluids |
WO2009138379A2 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Basf Se | Method for producing polyol dispersions |
EP2210593A3 (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2011-05-18 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Tablettable formulations of vitamin A and derivatives thereof |
EP2432580A2 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-03-28 | Basf Se | Method for producing nanoparticles using miniemulsions |
US20130317098A1 (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2013-11-28 | Christian Schaefer | Protective hydrocolloid for active ingredients |
EP2565214A1 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-06 | Basf Se | Dispersion consisting of a liquid and a solid phase |
US9010995B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2015-04-21 | Slack Chemical Co, Inc. | Mixing apparatus and method |
AU2013311059B2 (en) | 2012-08-26 | 2017-04-06 | Lycored Ltd. | Hue-controlled beta-carotene formulations |
CN103449393B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2014-12-17 | 瓮福(集团)有限责任公司 | Feed-grade dicalcium phosphate production device |
AU2016273947B1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-25 | Mark Andrew Fraser | An Expandable Shelter |
DE102016000596A1 (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-08-17 | Washtec Holding Gmbh | Device for producing a ready-to-use solution from a concentrate |
CN206730896U (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-12-12 | 理星(天津)生物科技有限公司 | A kind of high pressure homogenizer |
US10480668B2 (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2019-11-19 | Jesse Baxter | Tank overhead line liquid backflow restriction device |
CA3032113C (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2022-05-03 | Ag Growth International Inc. | Atomizer mixing chamber for a seed treater |
CN108339424A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-31 | 江苏中电创新环境科技有限公司 | A kind of pipe-line mixer and the chemicals dosing plant using the pipe-line mixer |
JP2022500234A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2022-01-04 | ケリー ルクセンブルク エス.アー.エール.エル.Kerry Luxembourg S.a.r.l. | Systems and methods to produce stable, homogeneous dispersions of immiscible fluids |
KR102611652B1 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-12-12 | (주)일신오토클레이브 | Ultrahigh pressure dispersion nozzle |
WO2024153700A1 (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2024-07-25 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Liquid dispersion preparation processes |
Citations (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1503371A (en) * | 1923-07-23 | 1924-07-29 | Joseph P Meyer | Attachment for gas engines |
US1515408A (en) * | 1924-05-12 | 1924-11-11 | Edmund W Puffer | Fuel and air mixer |
US1654936A (en) * | 1926-03-23 | 1928-01-03 | Baker & Co Inc | Method of making spinnerets |
US1788660A (en) * | 1927-11-25 | 1931-01-13 | Colomb Henri | Multiple draw plate available to the manufacture of artificial silk |
US2125245A (en) | 1935-06-28 | 1938-07-26 | Texas Co | Emulsion apparatus |
US2132854A (en) | 1937-07-16 | 1938-10-11 | John Duval Dodge | Emulsifier |
US2198614A (en) | 1937-02-08 | 1940-04-30 | Hayes James Burton | Emulsifier |
US2929248A (en) * | 1957-11-13 | 1960-03-22 | Bailey Meter Co | Flow meter |
US2965695A (en) * | 1957-12-03 | 1960-12-20 | Shell Oil Co | Method and apparatus for repetitive mixing of fluids |
US3526391A (en) * | 1967-01-03 | 1970-09-01 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Homogenizer |
US3545492A (en) * | 1968-05-16 | 1970-12-08 | Armco Steel Corp | Multiple plate throttling orifice |
US3572391A (en) * | 1969-07-10 | 1971-03-23 | Hirsch Abraham A | Flow uniformizing baffling for closed process vessels |
US3582048A (en) * | 1969-06-12 | 1971-06-01 | Union Oil Co | Inline fluid mixing device |
US3665965A (en) * | 1970-05-26 | 1972-05-30 | Masonellan International Inc | Apparatus for reducing flowing fluid pressure with low noise generation |
US3725186A (en) * | 1970-11-25 | 1973-04-03 | Nat Beryllia Corp | Composite ceramic articles |
US3780946A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1973-12-25 | A Smith | Self-cleaning emitter |
US3899001A (en) * | 1974-06-06 | 1975-08-12 | Bendix Corp | Multi-path valve structure |
US4000086A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1976-12-28 | Vish Minno-Geoloshki Institute - Nis | Method of and apparatus for emulsification |
US4427030A (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1984-01-24 | Bronkhorst High-Tech Bv | Laminar flow element |
US4501501A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1985-02-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for dispersing solids in liquid media |
US4514095A (en) * | 1982-11-06 | 1985-04-30 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Motionless mixer |
US4529561A (en) | 1978-03-24 | 1985-07-16 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method for producing liposomes in selected size range |
US4621023A (en) | 1982-10-15 | 1986-11-04 | Parfums Christian Dior | Method of homogenizing dispersions of hydrated lipidic lamellar phases and suspensions obtained by the said method |
US4679579A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-07-14 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method and apparatus for controlling the pressure of gases flowing through a conduit |
US4787419A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1988-11-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus for controlling the pressure of gases flowing through a conduit |
DE3905354A1 (en) | 1989-02-22 | 1990-08-23 | Reinhold A Dr Brunke | Apparatus for size reduction of liposomes |
WO1994008626A1 (en) | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-28 | Andreas Sachse | Process and device for producing liquid, dispersed systems |
US5326484A (en) | 1991-06-29 | 1994-07-05 | Miyazaki-Ken | Monodisperse single and double emulsions and method of producing same |
US5327941A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1994-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Cascade orificial resistive device |
US5547281A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-08-20 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus and process for preparing fluids |
EP0766997A1 (en) | 1995-10-02 | 1997-04-09 | Bayer Ag | Process and device for the preparation of fine particle dispersions |
DE19542499A1 (en) | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Bayer Ag | Method and device for producing a parenteral drug preparation |
US5672821A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-09-30 | Mks Japan, Inc. | Laminar flow device |
US5863587A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1999-01-26 | Nestec S.A. | Apparatus and method for heat treating a fluid product |
US5984519A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1999-11-16 | Genus Corporation | Fine particle producing devices |
US6213453B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-04-10 | Ren-Sheng Ou | Gasification auxiliary device for high pressure oil ejection |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52151676A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1977-12-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method and equipment for dispersing |
JPS5417566A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1979-02-08 | Riyuuji Hosokawa | Mixing unit of plural liquid in pipe |
JPS59133635U (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1984-09-07 | 武蔵エンジニアリング株式会社 | Continuous micro-mixing nozzle for instant-reactive mixed liquids |
JPH0741150B2 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1995-05-10 | 丈治 広瀬 | Mixing equipment |
DE3833581A1 (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1990-04-05 | Hundt & Weber | METHOD FOR WETING OBJECTS, LIKE TOOLS OR WORKPIECES, WITH A LIQUID, LUBRICANT, COOLANT OR ADHESIVE, AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
CN2202583Y (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1995-07-05 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Sound resonant cavity jet current emulsator |
JP2000500751A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 2000-01-25 | スミスクライン・ビーチャム・コーポレイション | Blood regulatory compounds |
JP3898247B2 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 2007-03-28 | 信越半導体株式会社 | Single crystal manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method |
CN2253252Y (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-04-30 | 张树峰 | Multi-functional mixer |
DE19700810A1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-07-16 | Bayer Ag | Method and device for homogenizing milk |
JP3149375B2 (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 2001-03-26 | 株式会社ジーナス | Atomization method and apparatus |
JP3922758B2 (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 2007-05-30 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Method for producing silica dispersion |
-
1999
- 1999-12-02 DE DE69915434T patent/DE69915434T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-02 DK DK99123878T patent/DK1008380T3/en active
- 1999-12-02 AT AT99123878T patent/ATE261336T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-02 ES ES99123878T patent/ES2216423T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-02 EP EP99123878A patent/EP1008380B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-03 CA CA002291565A patent/CA2291565A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-06 JP JP11346138A patent/JP2000167368A/en active Pending
- 1999-12-06 IN IN1175MA1999 patent/IN189920B/en unknown
- 1999-12-06 US US09/455,135 patent/US6530684B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-06 BR BR9907453-2A patent/BR9907453A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-06 CN CN99122873A patent/CN1128658C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-06 KR KR1019990055130A patent/KR100685540B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-06-18 US US10/174,178 patent/US6536940B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-01-31 US US10/355,833 patent/US6722780B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1503371A (en) * | 1923-07-23 | 1924-07-29 | Joseph P Meyer | Attachment for gas engines |
US1515408A (en) * | 1924-05-12 | 1924-11-11 | Edmund W Puffer | Fuel and air mixer |
US1654936A (en) * | 1926-03-23 | 1928-01-03 | Baker & Co Inc | Method of making spinnerets |
US1788660A (en) * | 1927-11-25 | 1931-01-13 | Colomb Henri | Multiple draw plate available to the manufacture of artificial silk |
US2125245A (en) | 1935-06-28 | 1938-07-26 | Texas Co | Emulsion apparatus |
US2198614A (en) | 1937-02-08 | 1940-04-30 | Hayes James Burton | Emulsifier |
US2132854A (en) | 1937-07-16 | 1938-10-11 | John Duval Dodge | Emulsifier |
US2929248A (en) * | 1957-11-13 | 1960-03-22 | Bailey Meter Co | Flow meter |
US2965695A (en) * | 1957-12-03 | 1960-12-20 | Shell Oil Co | Method and apparatus for repetitive mixing of fluids |
US3526391A (en) * | 1967-01-03 | 1970-09-01 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Homogenizer |
US3545492A (en) * | 1968-05-16 | 1970-12-08 | Armco Steel Corp | Multiple plate throttling orifice |
US3582048A (en) * | 1969-06-12 | 1971-06-01 | Union Oil Co | Inline fluid mixing device |
US3572391A (en) * | 1969-07-10 | 1971-03-23 | Hirsch Abraham A | Flow uniformizing baffling for closed process vessels |
US3665965A (en) * | 1970-05-26 | 1972-05-30 | Masonellan International Inc | Apparatus for reducing flowing fluid pressure with low noise generation |
US3725186A (en) * | 1970-11-25 | 1973-04-03 | Nat Beryllia Corp | Composite ceramic articles |
US3780946A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1973-12-25 | A Smith | Self-cleaning emitter |
US3899001A (en) * | 1974-06-06 | 1975-08-12 | Bendix Corp | Multi-path valve structure |
US4000086A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1976-12-28 | Vish Minno-Geoloshki Institute - Nis | Method of and apparatus for emulsification |
US4529561A (en) | 1978-03-24 | 1985-07-16 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method for producing liposomes in selected size range |
US4427030A (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1984-01-24 | Bronkhorst High-Tech Bv | Laminar flow element |
US4621023A (en) | 1982-10-15 | 1986-11-04 | Parfums Christian Dior | Method of homogenizing dispersions of hydrated lipidic lamellar phases and suspensions obtained by the said method |
US4514095A (en) * | 1982-11-06 | 1985-04-30 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Motionless mixer |
US4501501A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1985-02-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for dispersing solids in liquid media |
US4679579A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-07-14 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method and apparatus for controlling the pressure of gases flowing through a conduit |
US4787419A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1988-11-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus for controlling the pressure of gases flowing through a conduit |
DE3905354A1 (en) | 1989-02-22 | 1990-08-23 | Reinhold A Dr Brunke | Apparatus for size reduction of liposomes |
US5326484A (en) | 1991-06-29 | 1994-07-05 | Miyazaki-Ken | Monodisperse single and double emulsions and method of producing same |
US5327941A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1994-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Cascade orificial resistive device |
WO1994008626A1 (en) | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-28 | Andreas Sachse | Process and device for producing liquid, dispersed systems |
US5547281A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-08-20 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus and process for preparing fluids |
US5672821A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-09-30 | Mks Japan, Inc. | Laminar flow device |
EP0766997A1 (en) | 1995-10-02 | 1997-04-09 | Bayer Ag | Process and device for the preparation of fine particle dispersions |
US5810266A (en) | 1995-10-02 | 1998-09-22 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Process and an apparatus for producing finely divided solids dispersions |
DE19542499A1 (en) | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Bayer Ag | Method and device for producing a parenteral drug preparation |
CA2237554A1 (en) | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | A method and apparatus for producing liposomal parenteral medicaments via high pressure homogenization |
WO1997017946A2 (en) | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for producing a parenteral medicament |
US5863587A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1999-01-26 | Nestec S.A. | Apparatus and method for heat treating a fluid product |
US5984519A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1999-11-16 | Genus Corporation | Fine particle producing devices |
US6213453B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-04-10 | Ren-Sheng Ou | Gasification auxiliary device for high pressure oil ejection |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
Derwent English language abstract of DE 3905354 (document B4). |
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Abstract of JP 63107736 (1988). |
Stang, et al., "Zerkleinern and Stabilisiern von Tropfen beim mechanischen Emulgieren," Fortschr.-Ber. VDI Reihe 3 Nr. 527 Düsseldorf: VDI Verlag 1998. |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070211570A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2007-09-13 | Manfred Schauerte | Static mixing element and method of mixing a drilling liquid |
US7878705B2 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2011-02-01 | Tt Schmidt Gmbh | Static mixing element and method of mixing a drilling liquid |
US6953396B2 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2005-10-11 | Rite-Hite Holding Corporation | Fabric flow restriction and method for conveying a volume of air |
US20030194965A1 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2003-10-16 | Paschke Nicolas B. | Fabric flow restriction and method for conveying a volume of air |
US20090073801A1 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2009-03-19 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for producing finely divided liquid-liquid formulations, and the uses of the liquid-liquid formulations |
US20090003123A1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-01 | Morrison Jr Lowen Robert | Apparatus and method for mixing by producing shear and/or cavitation, and components for apparatus |
US8517595B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2013-08-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Apparatus and method for mixing by producing shear and/or cavitation, and components for apparatus |
US20090199656A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-13 | Sunita Rani | Systems and methods for managing pressure and flow rate |
US9038669B2 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2015-05-26 | Sunita Rani | Systems and methods for managing pressure and flow rate |
US8759278B2 (en) | 2010-01-13 | 2014-06-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of producing a fabric softening composition |
US20130186493A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-07-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Bi-directional fluid flow regulator with funnel shaped baffles |
WO2013121295A3 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-12-19 | Wiab Water Innovation Ab | Mixing device |
US20130215709A1 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-22 | Bengt Olle Hinderson | Mixing device |
US9878293B2 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2018-01-30 | SoftOx Solutions AS | Mixing device |
US20180147548A1 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2018-05-31 | SoftOx Solutions AS | Mixing device |
US10906014B2 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2021-02-02 | Wiab Water Innovation Ab | Mixing device |
US20140319401A1 (en) * | 2013-04-29 | 2014-10-30 | Delavan Inc | Directionally biased valve |
US20180058695A1 (en) * | 2013-04-29 | 2018-03-01 | Delavan Inc. | Directionally biased valve |
US10240792B2 (en) * | 2013-04-29 | 2019-03-26 | Delavan Inc. | Directionally biased valve |
US20170056846A1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2017-03-02 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Static mixer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1128658C (en) | 2003-11-26 |
DE69915434D1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
IN189920B (en) | 2003-05-10 |
KR100685540B1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
US20030133355A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
EP1008380B1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
DK1008380T3 (en) | 2004-07-12 |
EP1008380A2 (en) | 2000-06-14 |
ES2216423T3 (en) | 2004-10-16 |
US6722780B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 |
JP2000167368A (en) | 2000-06-20 |
US6536940B1 (en) | 2003-03-25 |
CA2291565A1 (en) | 2000-06-07 |
DE69915434T2 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
KR20000057041A (en) | 2000-09-15 |
ATE261336T1 (en) | 2004-03-15 |
CN1256168A (en) | 2000-06-14 |
EP1008380A3 (en) | 2000-12-13 |
BR9907453A (en) | 2001-01-16 |
US20030053372A1 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6530684B1 (en) | Preparation of liquid dispersions | |
Khalid et al. | Formulation and characterization of monodisperse O/W emulsions encapsulating astaxanthin extracts using microchannel emulsification: Insights of formulation and stability evaluation | |
US12036320B2 (en) | Apparatus, systems, and methods for continuous manufacturing of nanomaterials and high purity chemicals | |
de Paz et al. | Development of water-soluble β-carotene formulations by high-temperature, high-pressure emulsification and antisolvent precipitation | |
JPH10201386A (en) | Method for homogenizing milk product and apparatus therefor | |
US20230189853A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing spray-dried powders | |
US8137683B2 (en) | Process for the preparation of dispersions | |
AU2002320837A1 (en) | Process for the preparation of dispersions | |
EP3784055B1 (en) | Apparatus and process for manufacturing of powders with a fat-soluble component | |
US20230285913A1 (en) | Membrane emulsification apparatus with refiner and method of preparing a refined emulsion | |
CN114307708A (en) | Method for continuously preparing drug-loaded nano-emulsion | |
Terai et al. | β-Carotene Nano-/Microdispersions Prepared by High-Pressure Homogenization and Bead Milling: A Comparison of their Microstructures and Physical Properties |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: F. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE AG, SWITZERLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KOLB, GUDRUN;STEIN, HERMANN;VIARDOT, KLAUS;REEL/FRAME:010610/0895;SIGNING DATES FROM 20000121 TO 20000126 Owner name: ROCHE VITAMINS INC., NEW JERSEY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:F. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE AG;REEL/FRAME:010610/0953 Effective date: 20000131 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DSM NUTRITIONAL PRODUCTS, INC., NEW JERSEY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ROCHE VITAMINS INC.;REEL/FRAME:015452/0973 Effective date: 20030929 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 12 |