US636063A - Image-forming mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

No. 636,063. Patented Oct. 3|, I899. F. H. RICHARDS.

IMAGE FORMING MECHANISM.

(Application filed Oct 26, 1898. (-No Model.) 6 Sheets-Shae l.

Witness es, 100 lnuelflm".

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9 9 B M c 0 d e t n e t a P S D R A H m D H F 3 6 7 6 .3 6 0 N IMAGE FORMING MECHANISM.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1898.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 2 (N0 Mudei.)

Invenflu:

No. 636,063. Patented Oct. 3|, I899. F. H. RICHARDS.

IMAGE FORMING MECHANISM.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1898.)

6 Sheets-$heet 3 N0 Model.)

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No. 636,063. Patented Oct. 3|, I899. F. H. RICHARDS.

IMAGE FORMING MECHANISM.

(Application flled Oct. 26, 1898,)

6 Sheets-Sheet 4,

fiNo Model.)

In D821 01".

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Patented 06:. 3|, I899.

F. H. mcmuws. IMAGE FORMING MECHANISM.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1898.)

6 SheetsSheet 5 N0 Model.)

In 11 en 01: M 1 l I Witnesses. Wa/WX Q No. 636,063. Patented Oct. 31, I899. F. H. RICHARDS.

IMAGE FORMING MECHANISM.

(Application filed Oct. 28, 1898.)

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5,

Invenfof.

UNITED STATE? PATENT FFIGEe FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IMAGE-FORMING MECHANISM,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 686,063, dated October 31, 1899. Application filed October 26, 1898. Serial No. 694,581. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Image-FormingMechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to imageforming mechanism, and more particularly to photoprinting mechanism for projecting images onto a suitable receiving medium, and especially onto a sensitized plate or film which may be developed afterward.

My present invention is in the nature of an improvement upon the inventions shown, described, and claimed in my prior-applications filed May 7, 1898, Serial No. 680,079, and filed July 11,1898, Serial No. 685,585, in each of which there is illustrated a machine adapted for composing 1nechanically-photoprinted matter suitable for the production of printed impressions in a manner analogous to mechanical composition by type-writing, linotyping, and similar methods. In the mechanism illustrated in such prior applications objects may be successively or selectively brought to a working position and images thereof projected successively or selectively onto a receiving or sensitized medium in such a manner as to produce either a transitory image on a screen or other non-recording medium or a permanent record upon a sensitized plate or film, and the operation of the mechanism controls the location of each selected object in working position to the exclusion of all the other objects. These objects or characters will usually be the letters, numbers, or other devices common to typography and will be represented by negatives through or around which light may pass to project upon the sensitized surface of the image-recording medium the images of such objects, either singly as they may be selected and brought to working position or in groups of any desired number. These objects or characters may be supported in any suitable manner and brought one at a time into working position, when light will be permitted to pass through or around each positioned character to project an image onto the sensitized medium, which latter will usually be shifted step by step after each projection of an image, a suitable light controller or shutter being operated to permit a ray of light to shine through a character or negative each time that such character is positioned. All of these parts will usually be controlled by keys on a suitable keyboard, and hence by the manipulation of these keys in substantially the same manner as that in which an ordinary type-writer is operated the matter to be photoprinted on the sensitized plate may be set up or composed letter by letter, and hence word by word, by the striking of the selected keys and the characters photoprinted one by one or group by group in proper order and spaced in such a manner as may be determined by the operation of the mechanism for shifting one or more of the main three cooperative partsviz., the negative, the sensitized medium, and a suitable image-governing light-controllerrelatively to the other or others to permit the photo printing of successive characters at successive points on the sensitized medium.

The machine forming the subject-matter of this invention is intended to effect the same results as those described in my prior applications, but differs from the former machines in many features of construction. I prefer, however, to retain one of the features shown in both of said applicationsviz., the employment of double-case objects or carricrsadapted to cooperate selectively with the image-receiving medium or plate to print an upper-case or a lower-case character, as may be desired and as will be determined by the operation of suitable shifting means controlling the case positions. As in my second hereinbefore-mentioned application, the several image-forming objects or characters are preferably mounted upon independentlymovable carriers, which in this case may be swinging frames oscillatory about a common axis, the various frames carrying the objects being substantially nested.

It is essential, of course, that the objector negative to be printed should be located at an exact predetermined point, and some means should be employed for positively loeating each object in such working position. I prefer in this case to employ for tl s purpose blocking means which will block the return of the object prematurely and may thus lock said object for a predetermined interval in its image-projecting position. The blocking means may be of any suitable type and maybe controlled in anyproper manner; but I prefer that it shall be power-operated and controlled by the keys corresponding to the objects or characters used in the machine.

One of the principal features of my present improvements is the employment as a part of an image-forming mechanism of power-operated means controlling the operation of one or more of the principal devices or subordinate mechanisms of themain mechanism, and preferably these submechanisms will not only be power-operated, but key-controlled, the keys governing them usually being those by which the selection of the objects or characters is determined. Hence it will be apparent that while in the machine shown in my prior applications the proper operation of the severalsubmechanisms or devices, which are the principal factors in determining the projection and printing of objects or characters selected by the keys, is effected directly by the manipulation of those keys, in the present case it is only necessary for the operator to employ sufficient force to manipulate or depress the keys and that the real work of operating devices or submechanisms of con siderable size and Weight may be performed by power-operated means controlled wholly by, and therefore dependent upon, the opera tion of successive members or keys of the ob ject-selecting means. The power-operated means which I prefer to employ will usually be a continnonsly-rotative member cooperative with an intermittently-rotative driven member in such a manner thatwhile the latter will usually be held under restraintitwill be instantly rotated, preferably at a high rate of speed, by the driving member when released by the controlling means or devices governed by the selecting mechanism or keys. It will be seen, therefore, that on each operation of a key the intermittently rotative driven member should be released from restraint and permitted to be tn rned by the con tinuously-rotative driving member, and when so released and turned it is desirable that it should then be stopped in its original position. During this single complete rotation the submechanisms or devices controlled thereby should be actuated by powerderived from the rotation thereof and not directly by the movement of the key-operated selecting means, and it will be evident that several )ower-operated devices or snbmechanisms may be thus actuated in proper timing, the order in which their movements take place being capable of exact determination by the positions of the parts which are carried by or cooperate with the intermittently-rotative driven member. One of the principal submechanisms or devices which I prefer to operate in this way is a light-controller or lightcontrolling medium, usually a shutter, by means of *hich light is ordinarily turned on to permit it to shine through or around an object when the latter is positioned, and it will be seen that when such light-controller is power-operated the time during which it permits the light to be turned onthat is, the length of the exposuremay be determined accurately by such power-operated means as, for example, by the employment on the intermittently-rotative driven member of a camhavingaworking face the predetermined length of which governs the length of such exposure.

The principal sub mechanisms or devices controlling the projection of the images, or some of them, will preferably be mounted in such a manner as to be shiftable between dil ferent case positions, and I deem it desirable to shift the continuously-rotative driving member in a similar manner. For this reason whileditferent forms of driving moans might be employed in order to obtain the greatest freedom or independence of action I have illustrated herein an electric motor supported ona shiftable frame or carriage carrying in proper bearings an armatureshaft constituting this rotary driving member, it being apparent that by providing wires of proper length the necessary provision will be made for permitting this shifting movement of the motor to the different case positions.

WVhen the submechanisms controlled by the keys are operated by power in the manner just described, it is expedient to provide suitable blocking means, as before mentioned, for the purpose of preventing improper manipulation of the keys-that is,'iingeri1ig of the keys at too high a rate of speed for the parts controlled by the intermittently-rotative driven member to operate properly. It is of course necessary after each object-selecting key is depressed that a complete cycle of operations shall follow before another key can become effective to permit the commencement of another such cycle. Hence when the keys control the intermittently-rotative member directly suitable key-blocking means should be employed, even though the continuously-rotative member be operated at an exceptionally high rate of speed.

hese features of my present invention and others not hereinbefore described in detail, but which will be set forth fully hereinafter, are shown in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, in which Figure l is a plan of an image-forming or photoprinting mechanism embodying my present improvements, parts being broken away in order to illustrate the construction clearly.- Fig. 2 is an enlarged rear elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse section of the same, the section being taken in line 3 3, Fig. 5. Fig. iis a front elevation of the same. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the same, the section being taken in line 5 5, Fig. 1. Figs. 0 and Tare longitudinal sectional elevations of a portion of the mechanism and illustrate the positions of various parts at different stages in the operation. Fig. 8 is an enlarged elevation of a detail, illustrating the manner in which the swinging object-carrying frames are pivoted and nested. Fig. 9 is a sectional side elevation of a portion of the same, and Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively a side elevation and a front view illustrating in detail the escapement feed mechanism which I prefer to employ.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts in the different figures of the drawings.

As heretofore stated, my present improvements may be embodied in any suitable mechanism in which image-forming objects or negatives may be brought to a working position by object-selecting means and the projection of the images of these objects permitted by a proper light-controller. then the invention is embodied in a photoprintingmechanism, I may employ also, in connection with these parts, suitable feeding mechanism for a plate or plate-holder, and, moreover, the objects or characters maybe advantageously double-case ones. Such a mechanism should also have line-spacing mechanism for shifting the image-receiving medium or plate after a line is finished.

As in the machines illustrated in my prior applications hereinbefore mentioned, the operation of the several submechanisms or devices depends only upon the striking of the usual keys. Here each object the image of which is to be projected or photoprinted is controlled bya single key; but only one negative or object is brought to working position at any given time, such selected object being shifted out of the way before another is brought into position to be photoprinted. As to this feature of myinvention the operation of the object-locating mechanism is substantially the same as that of the type-locating mechanism of an ordinary type-writing machine, in which the types are brought selectively and successively to a common printing-point by independently-movable typearms, the objects or negatives in this case being brought in asimilar mannerselectively and successively to a common locus in the path of the ray or beam of light by which the printing of the selected character is to be effected. In this case substantially all of the working parts of the mechanism may be mounted within and inclosed by some suitable casing, such as O, which, it should be understood, will ordinarilybe attached to the wall or some other suitable part of a dark room, the rear end of the machine being open in the present construction.

The objects or characters will usually be mounted on independently-movable carriers or frames, each of which carriers or frames is designated in a general way by 0. These carriers are preferably substantially U shaped frames supported approximately in horizontal planes when in their normal positions and adapted when operated to drop to a vertical position to locate an object carried thereby at the desired working point. Here these frames are of dilferent sizes and are supported to swing about different centers, and all are so supported as to operate to bring the objects carried thereby into working position in a common locus. The organization of these frames is such that they lie one within the other and present a nested appearance. The manner in which the mounting of the frames is effected is clearly illus trated in Figs. 3, 8, and 9, from which it will be seen that each frame has two pivots or bearings at opposite sides of the machine and that these bearings are so positioned relatively to one another as to be disposed in step formation, one above another. The pivots or bearings for these frames may be screws, such as 2, supported by curved arms or brackets, such as 3, extending out from a bar or plate, such as 3, suitably secured to the frame of the machine. These brackets 3 project far enough to permit rearward extensions of the frames 0 to be operatively connected with keys of the keyboard and work freely between their pivots and an adjacent supporting member or wall of the framework. This wall, which is indicated by 5", forms part of the fixed framing of the mechanism. Each of the screws 2 is adjustable to tighten or loosen the swinging frames, and the interval between adjacent bracket-arms 8'is such as to permit said arms to swing freely and yet provide for proper side guiding of the same. The upper edges of successive brackets may be cut away, as indicated at 3, in order to permit the screws to be placed in position and properly adjusted, as will be clear by referring to Figs. 8 and 9.

Each of the frames 0 is intended to carrya pair of objects or characters in the form of negatives substantially similar to those described in my prior application, hereinbefore referred tothat is to say, each frame will usually have two negatives, an upper-case one, such as o, and a lower-case one, such as 0, either of which may be brought to a working position at will, each negative being preferably an object having an opaque body or background and a translucent or transparent design, character, or letter thereon, through which light may pass to project the image of such design, character, or letter onto a receiving or photoprinting medium. As each double-case character is supported at the center of a substantially rigid frame having two widely-separated pivots or bearing-points, and as each frame is side-guided as to its arms, it will be seen that the frames are directly positioned as the character or object is brought to the working position, thus guarding effec tually against misalinement of a character at the printing moment.

By means of suitable connections between a proper keyboard and the several frames 0 the latter may be swung selectively toward the working point independently of one another. The actuating connections may be of any suitable type, but in all cases will be controlled mostadvantageously by means of keylevers, such as 5, substantially of the type employed in writing-machines. Said key-le vers may be supported in any suitable mauneras, for example, on a rod 58 near the center of the machine and between the ends of the key-leversand may be held normally in their raised positions by means of springs, such as 59, seated in bores in a plate (30 suitably supported near the forward side of the framework.

The actuating connections between the keylevers and the carriers or frames 0 may be of any suitable type, but are preferably short adjustable links, such as (31, connected at their lower ends to the rear short arms of the frames 0 and at their upper ends to the keylevers at points adjacent to the rear en ds of the latter.

The movements of the key-levers 5 may be transmitted to a universal bar, such as U, supported at the ends of rockarms pivoted on a suitable support, such as the rod 58. llerel have shown two short rock-ar ms 50 and a long arm 50, extending rearwardly from said rod 58, the universal bar U being supported by all of these arms. At its rear end the long arm 50 may cooperate with means for con trolling the operation of the power-operated mechanism, as hereinbefore stated.

in the present case l have illustrated at D a shiftable carriage or frame, which is intended to reciprocate between two different case positions, and hence will have but a slight range of movement. This carriage may be constructed and mounted in any suitable way; but in the present case embodies as its principal feature a substantially flat bed or base, such as 29, having at its opposite sides grooves, such as 29, into which fit ribs, such as 28, at opposite sides of the frame, suitable steps, such as 28, being disposed at the forward ends of these ribs, while at the rear end of the frame its movement in that direction may be limited by adjustable stops, as 20, carried by brackets, such as 20, projecting from the framework, suitable springs,such as 2l',coiled around pins 21, projecting forwardly from the brackets 20, serving to maintain the frame D normally in the position shown in Fig. 5. For the purpose of shifting this frame to the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 5 I prefer to provide a pair of rigid arms or uprights, such as 20, rising from the base 29 at opposite sides thereof and in position to be operated by suitable connections from keys of the keyboard to reciprocate said shiftable carriage D. The key-levers by means of which this shifting movement may be effected are indicated herein by 65, two connected levers being shown for the purpose, and it will be seen that these are keyed to the rod or shaft 58, and when operated serve to oscillate said shaft in its bearings at opposite sides of the framework, and hence correspondingly oscillate depending rock-arms 58, secured to the shaft 58 and in position to engage the risers 20 and shift the latter and therewith said frame D.

Although, of course, a single'case key-op crated mechanism could becmployed advantageously in connection with the independently-movable carriers or frames, 1 t eem it desir-able to make use of a double-case mechanism, as before stated, and by means of the shiftable frame D, just described, one or more of the submechanisms or devices cooperative with the objects or characters may be shifted relatively to a positioned object to control the projection of an image from either the upper or the lower case character of the object. Here I prefer to shift both the light-controller and the holder for the image-receiving medium, as well as certain other devices to be hereinafter mentioned.

Light may be directed upon the object or character from any suitable source by any suitable means-as, for example, through a tube T, connected with a funnel-shaped tube 25, which in turn connected with movable funnel-shaped tube '6 in the construction illustrated. A light-deflector, such as r, (see Fig. 3,) may be employed at the junction of the tubes T and t. The lower end of the tube 25 is of small diameter, and is positioned adjacent to the point where the objects are brought selectively to the working position, and the opening at the lower end of this tube corresponds approximately to the area of the receiving medium to be uncovered at a single exposure. In the present case it is intended that the tube 6 shall be shiftable also from one case position to another in order to bring the end thereof opposite either the upper-caseor lowercase characters on the carriers c, and hence the funnel-shaped tube 6 may be connected to the tube in such a manner as to be capable of swinging relatively thereto, it being evident that owing to the relatively great length of the tube A only a small amount of movement of the latter will be necessary at the point of connection with the tube '6. This connection may be made in any suitable manner, and will preferably be substantially in the plane of the upper side of the casing C in order to permit disconnection of the outside tubes from the main mechanism.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the objects and the shiftable car riage controlling the two case positions of the objects are operated directly by the keys of the keyboard; but certain other devices or sub mechanisms, which will be preferably mounted on the shiftable carriage l), maybe poweroperated, though controlled bythe keys, and, moreover, the power by which. these parts are actuated may be derived from a power appa ratus or motor mounted directly on said shift able carriage. in the construction shown I have illustrated an electric motor, which is IlO designated in a general way by M and may be of any ordinary type, the armature-shaft of this motor being supported in suitable bearings on the base or bed 29 of the carriage D and the wires leading to the motor being loosely connected in a circuit from some suitable source of energy. In this case the ar mature-shaft 7 O constitutes a continuouslyrotative driving member, from which move ment may be imparted to one or more of the submechanisms or devices of the machine, and this shaft should rotate at a somewhat high rate of speed in order that the keys of the keyboard maybe fingered rapidly. I prefer to transmit the movements of this armature-shaft in the first instance to a driven member, which will be intermittently coupled thereto, and this intermittently rotative driven member is designated in a general way by 71. Said driven member may be of any suitable type, but will usually be a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft 70, but so organized therewith as to be rotated thereby when not held under restraint by some other member. In orderto obtain this result, some suitable coupling means should be employed between the rotary driving and driven members, and this connection will be a frictional one, as indicated by the friction-disks shown at 72. Obviously now unless the sleeve 71 is positively held it will be rotated by the shaft 70, and while such sleeve is intended to be held normally, so as to arrest its movement, yet it will be seen thatits rotation will begin instantaneously when it is free from restraint.

For the purpose of normally preventing rotation of the sleeve 71 I may employ in connection therewith an arresting device or stop controlled by the keys of the keyboard, and in the construction illustrated I have shown two such arresting devices or stops, both of which are governed by the long rock-arm 50, connected to the universal bar U. One of these arresting devices embodies a swinging stop-segment controlled directly by the arm 50 and adapted to engage one stop carried by the sleeve 71, while the other arresting device embodies a pawl suitablysupported and normally held in engagement with a second stop or tooth carried by said sleeve. In the construction shown a link 73 is connected to the rear end of the arm 50, and at its lower end said link is pivoted to one end of a rockarm 74-, secured to a short rockshaft 74, journaled in a bearing in a standard 75, rising from the base 29 of the carriage D, said shaft also having secured thereto a stop-segment 74", having an L-shaped stop rim or flange 74!. Ihis stop-rim normally is in contact with a stop, such as a pin 76, carried by a disk 76, fixed on the sleeve 71, and this disk also has a stop-tooth 76", adapted to be engaged by a pawl 77, secured to a short shaft journaled in a bearing in another upright 78, rising from the base 29, a pawl-releasing arm 77 being secured to said shaft for movement in unison with the pawl. A spring, such as 79, may be employed for returning the stop segment 74; and the universal bar U to their normal positions on the release of an operated key. The shaft 74 may also have secured thereto a rock-arm 80, carrying a bypass device cooperating with the pawl-reload ing rock-arm 77 and serving to release the pawl '77 from the tooth 70 when acharacterkey is depressed, it being evident that both the segment 74: and the pawl 77 will release the disk 76, and hence the sleeve 71, substantially simultaneously to permit instant rotation of the latter. The manner in which these parts are operated when released by the depression of a key-lever will be apparent by referring to Figs. 0 and 7.

IVhenever by the depression of a character-- key, as just described, the rotary driven member is permitted to rotate, its movement should of course be transmitted to a suitablyoperated device or devices, and in this case both the image-governing light'controller or shutter and blocking means for the key-levers, the objects, and the light-controller are intended to be actuated by this intermittentlyrotative sleeve. For this reason the rotary driven member may carry one or more cams, there being preferably in this case two cams 71, which are intended to cooperate with the blocking means controlling the key-levers directly, and a cam 71", cooperative with suitable means for actuating the light-controller, which means may also serve to time the exposure or period during which the photoprinting plate is subjected to the action of the light-rays and also, as a result of such timing, to prevent the premature return of said light'controller to its normal or light-ex eluding position. In the construction illustrated a standard 82, rising from the base 25) of the shiftable carriage D, supports by a proper bearing at the upper end thereof a rock-shaft having a depending arm or hanger 83, pivotally connected at its lower end to a light-controller or shutter, such as S, which may be mounted for horizontal reciprocation in a guide 84, carried by the frame or carriage D, it being apparent that by reason of the mounting of the light-controller on said carriage the shutter also will be reciprocative between the two case positions.

In order to provide for the case movement of the light-directing tube 25, the latter may be connected directly to the carriage D, as by means of a link 85. (See Figs. 6 and 7.) One of the movements of the hanger 83 is derived from the cam 71, said hanger having thereon in this instance an antifriction-roller 83, co acting with the periphery of said cam. The other movement of said hanger may be obtained from a spring, such as 86.

The blocking means which I prefer to employ for controlling the key-levers directly may embody two main parts, one of which in this case will be an intermittently-rotative member carried by the sleeve 71, while the other will be a rcciprocatory or oscillatory device coacting directly with the key-levers. Here the rotary member or members may be the two cams 71 hereinbefore mentioned, while the reciprocatory device may be a swinging frame embodying a pair of oscillatory arms 87, pivoted on the base 29 of the carriage D and supporting at their upper ends a blocking-bar 88, said arms 87 preferably having antifriction-rollers 87 in engagement with the cams 71, a spring, such as 89, being employed in this case to return such reciprocatory frame. The blocking-bar 88 is so positioned in this instance as to work in a path between an operated or depressed lever and the unoperated ones, and it embodies a plurality of blocking members or blocking fingers, such as 88, one for each of the character-keys on the keyboard. In the construction shown these fingers cooperate with latorally-projecting pins 5 of the key-levers 5 and are of sufficient length to coact with said pins whether the bar is in its upper-case or its lower-case position to either of which it will of course be shifted in accordance with the movements of the carriage D. It will be noticed that when any character-key is depressed the corresponding key-lever (see Fig. 7) is raised at its rear end and a space is left between the pin 5 of the operated lever and the corresponding pins of the unoperated keylevers of sufficient width to permit the blocking-bar to be moved into a blocking position between them, and thus simultaneously block the return of the operated key-lever and the actuation of the unoperated ones. Of course after a key is so depressed while actuation of the blocking-frame will not take place until after the release of the intermittently-rotative driven member or sleeve, yet the camfaces of the cams 71 should be so positioned as to operate said frame substantially instantaneously on the starting of such intermittent rotary movement. I

While the feed mechanism, by means of which a stepby-st-ep feed movement is obtained for permitting the characters to print successively on successive portions of a sensitized receiving medium, may be of any suitable construction, and while I may impart such movement to any proper one of the several enacting elements of the photoprinting mechanism, yet in the preferred construction it is desirable to shift the image-receiving or photoprinting medium step by step on the depression of the character-keys, and I deem it advantageous to make use of a step-by-step escapement-feed mechanism which in the embodiment shown is of novel construction. This feed mechanism will be operated to the best advantage from a universal bar-such, for example, as that shown at Usaid bar being carried in this instance by rock-arms 40, mounted on the shaft 58, said bar being connected by means of a rod 90 to a rock-arm 91, carried by a rock-shaft 91, journaled in bearings, one in the forward side of the casing and the other in an upright 92, rising from the lower side of said casing. This rockshaft .Jl is intended in the present case to carry a pair of dogs or pawls, which may be of well-known construction and will form part of the escapement device proper, these dogs being designated herein in a general way by 26 and one being fixed to the rock-shaft and the other preferably movable relatively to the fixed dog. Obviously as the several character-keys are struck selectively one after another the dogs will be correspondingly oscillated to permit the other member of the escapeinentfeed mechanism to be advanced step by step. In this case the dogs cooperate with a ratchet-wheel, such as 25, which may be splined on a shaft 93, journaled in bearings at the opposite sides of the framework, said ratchet-wheel preferably having a long hub 25 with a grooved collar 25, in the groove of which may work the pin of a shipping arm or lever 9% of well-known construction, carried by a shaft 94-, having at the forward end thereof a handle 9%, by means of which the shipping-arm 9-1 may be turned to shift the ratchet-wheel along the shaft ()3 into and out of operative relation with the dogs 20'. From this shaft ()3 connection may be made in any suitable manner to a traveling carriage or slide, such as that designated herein in a general way by D, on which carriage a holder for a plate, film, or other image-receiving medium is supported for movement relatively to the carriage and is designated in a general way by H. This carriage and also the plate-holder may be supported in substantially the same manner as in my prior applications hereinbefore referred tothat is to say, the carriage may be supported for horizontal movement on a pair of horizontal guide-rods, such as 18 and 19, carried by and forming part of the shiftable carriage D, while the plate-holder may be guided in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the traveling carriage by a pair of guide-rods, such as 22 and 23, forming part of said carriage D, and hence supported by the rods 18 and 19.

In the machine shown in the drawings the direction of movement of the carriage Dis from the front to the rear of the machine, and in Fig. 5 the manner in which this feed movement is obtained is shown clearly. Here the traveling carriage may be normally under tension from any suitable source of power, which in this case will include a coiled spring and a driving-band of the usual type, (indicated in a general way by d.) The carriage D is connected to the driving-band between the ends of the latter, and one end of said band is connected to and may be wound on a reel or spool, such as 95, secured to the shaft 93 and substantially similar to that forming part of the driving device or motor d. The shaft 03 may have on one end thereof a crank or handle, such as 93, for winding up the band, returning the carriage to its normal po sition at the beginning of aline, and thereby juttin the carria e under tension. b b

esaoes p As the several character-keys are struck it will be apparent that the carriage D will be fed step by step from the front to the rear of the machine until it reaches a predetermined point, usually, of course, at the end of a full line, when suitable line-spacing mechanism may be operated to bring an unexposed transverse portion of the plate into position.

In connection with the devices hereinbefore described for feeding the traveling carriage D, and hence the plate-holder II, step by step for photoprinting the characters of different words I make use of suitable means for spacing between words and also between thelines of the matter to be photoprinted. For spacing between the words I may use the ordinary form of space-bar or space-key, such as the key-lever shown at 100, and this may operate the universal bar U directly, and hence only those parts of the mechanism controlled by said bar, it being only necessary to operate the feed mechanism therefrom. The linespacing mechanism will preferably be 0011- trolled by means separate from and independent of the character-keys, as is the case-key. In the present case a line-spacinglever, such as 105, is located at the under side of theforward end of the machine and carries a pawl 105, cooperating with a ratchet-wheel secured to a long shaft 106, journaled in bearings at the front and rear of the machine, a suitable holding-pawl, such as 107, being employed to prevent return movement of the ratchet-wheel. The ratchet-wheel is not permanently secured to the shaft 106, however, but is in this case clamped thereto by means of a milled adjustingmut 108, and when said nut is loosened it and the operating-lever and the pawl 105 will be disconnected from said shaft to permit the latter to be turned freely for returning the plate-holder H to the right-hand side of the machine when a plate has been com pletely photoprinted. The shaft 100 carries thereon suitable means for transferring its movements to the plate-holder H, and in this case the means employed forthis purpose will be a small gear wheel or pinion, such as 30, having at the sides of the teeth annular flanges 30, between which will be guided a rack, such as 32, fixed on the under side of the plate holder II. (See Fig. 5.) This pinion 30 should in this case be splined on the shaft 106 in order to provide for the shifting movement of the plate-holder II, the traveling carriage D, and the shiftable carriage D between the two case positions, it being apparent that said pinion will also be shiftable for the same reason. When thelever 105 is operated, the shaft 106 will be partially rotated and the rack 32, and hence the holder H, advanced to bring a new printingline into working position. The feed movement of this rack and the plate-holder is from the right to the left of the machine, as seen in Fig. 3.

The manner in which the image-receiving medium, which when the mechanism is used as a photoprinting-machine may be a plate, film, or similar article, is supported is immaterial; but in the construction shown a sensitized photoprinting-plate, such as p, is supported in a dovetailed channel in the upper face of the plate-holder II and is securely held therein. In Fig. 3 l have also indicated the manner in which the preferred objects or negatives used with my photoprinting mechanism are constructed. Here the upper-case object o and the lower-case object 0 are both represented by disks having opaque surfaces except at those portions which contain the characters to be projected or printed on the sensitized surface of the image-receiving medium. The light directed through the tube 25 is intended to shine through only that part of the disk or object covered by the character or letter, and no light will pass through the opaque portion of such object or negative. Hence an exact and perfect image of each character or device selected by the operator will be projected upon the receiving medium and photoprinted on the latter, if such medium is a sensitized surface, from all other areas of which light is excluded, as should be the case. The objects or negatives may be held in place in any suitable manner, prefer ably by cement, and may be of any proper material such as glass, each having a developed film or negative of collodion or other sensitized substance thereon, the opaque portion of which represents the exposed portionof the film and the character the unexposed portion.

The operation of the photoprinting-machine shown herein will be clearly understood from the foregoing description, and it will onlybe necessary at this time to set forth in a general way the successive steps of the operation.

It being understood that a plate has been properly positioned in the plate-holder and that current has been turned on to the motor M, the character-keys will be struck one after another by the operator, in the same manner as are the keys of a type-writing machine, to form words or other combinations of devices from successively-selected characters, the depression of a character-key causing the oscillation of the corresponding frame 0 to the proper point for bringing the character controlled by such key into working position. The actuation of this character-key causes the lifting of the universal bar U, and hence of the long arm 50, connected to the two releasing devices controlling the intermittently rotative driven member or sleeve 71, and as soon as the segment 7st" has been shifted from the position shown in Fig. (5 to that indicated in Fig. 7 and is clear of the stop 76, and as soon as the pawl 77 has been raised clear of the tooth '76 by the raising of the arm 77 by the by-pass device 81, the driven member or sleeve '71 thus released from restraint will be rotated instantaneously by the driving member or armature-shaft 70. Immediately after the driven member starts rotating the cams escapee 71 thereon shift the blocking device proper and carry the blocking-bar 88 into its blocking posit-ion below the rearend of the operated key-lever and above the corresponding ends of all the unoperated levers, the lingers 8S engaging the pins 5 on the key-levers to prevent the actuation of another key until the completion of the cycle of movements just begun. Shortly after the actuation of the blocking devices, as just described, the cam 71 oscillates the hanger 88 and shifts the light-controller or shutter S into position to expose a portion of the sensitized surface of the plate 1) to the action of the light-beam projected through the tube 25. The length of time during which the exposure will continue will of course depend upon the rate of rotation of the driven member 71 or the length of the cam-face 71, or both, and hence if the sleeve 71 is driven at a given rate of speed the time of exposure may be determined by properly proportioning the length of this cam-face. On the completion of the exposure the hanger 83 will be released by the cam 71", and the shutter S may be returned to its normal position by the spring 86. Thereafter at the proper moment, as determined by the relative positions of the cam-faces 71 and 71, said cams 71 will release the blocking device, and the latter, with its blocking-bar 88, will be withdrawn by the spring 89 clear of all the-key-levers controlling the characters. As soon as the previously-operated key-lever has been released from its blocking-finger on the blocking-bar 88 the segment 7t will be returned to its normal position by the spring 79, and with it of course the universal bar U and the arm 50. At the same time the bypass device 81, which had previously passed by the arm 7 7 of the pawl and had thus permitted the pawl 77 to drop back and rest on the face of the disk 76, will again pass by the arm 77 and descend below the latter into position to raise said last-mentioned arms again on the depression of another character-key. at the end of one complete rotation of the disk 76 the tooth 76 thereof will strike the pawl 77, and at the same time the stop 76 will strike the stop-flange 7t on the segment 7%, and the movement of the sleeve will thus be arrested. On the rising of the universal bar U, which bar was depressed by the operated key-lever at the same time that the universal bar U was raised, the feed-dogs are oscillated, as indicated in Fig. 11, and thereupon the carriage D, together with the holder and the plate, is fed toward the rear of the machine a distance represented by one teeth of the ratchet-wheel 25. Of course if the character struck should be an upper-case one the upper-case key or bar would be depressed and held down until the completion of the printing. This depression of the upper-case key would necessarily result in the shifting of the carriage D toward the rear end of the machine, and with it the tube t, the shutter S, the motor M, the blocking, the arresting, and the releasing devices mounted on the shiftable carriage D, the traveling carriage D, the plate-holder H, and the pin 30, all of which will of course be returned to their normal positions by the springs El on the re lease of said uppercase key. As soon as a word or other combination of characters has been completed the space-key will be struck in the usual manner to feed the carriage D a step independently of the operation of the character-keys and no shifting of a frame 0 and no operation of the parts mounted on the shiftable carriage l) and which are controlled by the charactenkeys will take place at this time. On the completion of a line of printed matter on a plate the line-spacing lever will be operated, and the plate-holder will be shifted thereby longitudinally to bring another transverse portion of the plate to the printing-line. After all of the surface of the plate 2) has been 1i)hotoprinted the nut 108 may be released to free the line-spacing mechanism from the shaft 106, whereupon the plate-holder ll may be drawn back to the right-hand side of the machine, as seen in Fig. i into the open space at the rearof the machine, where the finished plate may be removed and a new plate slipped into the dovetailed guide of the holder.

A machine constructed in accordance with my present improvements, as hereinbefore described, is not only capable of projecting the images of objects of different sorts, but also when used in connection with a sensitized ii'nage-receiving medium is capable of operation for setting up selectively the characters which compose typographic matter either for newspaper or book work, and the plate or film on which'the matter is set up constitutes,when properly developed by the ordinary methods, a perfect substitute for the plates usually printed by the indirect processes.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. in akey-controlledimageformingmechanism embodying a plurality of devices cooperative for producing the desired result, at least one of which devices is power-ogerated, the combination, with an image-governing light-controller and with an image-receiving medium, of imageforming objects locatable in working position between the light-corn troller and the image-receiving medium, and object-selecting means.

2. Inakey-controlledimage-formingmechanism eml'iodying a plurality of devices cooperative for producing the desired result, at least one of which devices is power-operated, the combination, with an image-governing light-controller and with an image-receiving medium, of image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, and object-selecting means.

In a key-controlled imageforming mechanism, the combination, with a power-operated image-governing light-controllcr and with an image-receiving medium, of imageforming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the image-receiving medium, and object-selecting means.

4. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a key-controlled power-operated image governing light-controller and with an image-receiving medium, of image-forming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the image-receiving medium, and object-selecting means.

5. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a power-operated image-governing light-controller and with an image-receiving medium, of imageforming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the imagereceiving medium,and object-selecting means governing the operation of the light controller.

6. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with an image-governing lightcontrolling medium and with an image-receiving medium, of key-controlled objects 10- catable in working position between the lightcontrolling and image-receiving media, and power-operated means for shifting one of said media relatively to the other after each projection of an image.

7. In a key-controlled imageforming mechanism embodying a plurality of devices 00- operative for producing the desired result, at least one of which devices is poweroperated, the combination, with an image-governing light-controller and with a holder for a sensitized image-receiving medium,ofimage-forming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the image-receiving medium, and object-selecting means.

8. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a reciprocatory power-operated imagegoverning light-controller and with an image-receiving medium, of image-forming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the image-receiving medium, and object-selecting means. I,

9. In a key-controlled im age-forming mechanism embodying a plurality of devices cooperative for producing the desired result, at least one of which devices is power-operated, the combination, with an image-forming object locatable in working position between the light-controller and the imagereceiving medium, of an image-governing light-controller; an image-receiving medium shiftable in different directions; and independentlyoperable controlling devices governing, respectively, said movements of the image-receiving media.

10. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a power-operated imagegoverning light-controller and with an imagereceiving medium, of image-forming objects locatable in working position between the 1ight-con troller and the imagereceiving medium, and object-locating means for shifting said objects one at a time to the working position.

11. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with an image-governing lightcontroller and with an image-receiving medium, of image-forming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the image-receiving medium; object-1ocating means for shifting said objects one at a time to a working position; and power-operated means for actuating said light-controller after each location of an object.

12. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with double-case image-forming objects locatable in working position between the light-controller and the image-receiving medium, of an image-receiving medium; shifting means for shifting one of said elements to either case position; and a power operated image-governing light-controller.

13. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with double-case image-forming objects, of object-selecting means, and a key-controlled power-operated image-governinglight-controller shiftable to different case positions.

14. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with double-case image-forming objects, of object-selecting means; a power-operated image-governing light-controller; a holder for an image-receiving medium; and key-controlled means for shifting the light-controller and the holder to different case positions.

15. In a key-controlled mechanism governed in its operation by object-selecting means, the combination, with image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of object-selecting means; a shiftable carriage; and a power-operated device movable in unison with the carriage.

16. In a key-controlled mechanism governed in its operation by object-selecting means, the combination, with image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of object-selecting means; a shiftable carriage; and a power-operated device supported by said carriage.

17. In a key-controlled mechanism, the combination,with image-forming objects, and with object-selecting means, of a shiftable carriage; an image-governing light-controller; and a power-operated device supported by the carriage and governing the operation of the light-controller.

18. In a key-controlled mechanism, the combination,with image 'forming objects, and with object-selecting means, of a shiftable carriage, and apower-operated image-governinglight-controller supported by the carriage.

19. In a key-controlled mechanism, the combination, with double-case image-forming objects, and with object-selecting means, of a carriage; means for shifting said carriage to different case positions; and a power-operated image-governing light-controller supported by the carriage and shiftable therewith to different case positions.

20. In a key-controlled mechanism, the combination, with double-case image-forming objects, and with object-selecting means, of a carriage; means for shifting said carriage to different case positions; an image-governing light-controller; and a shiftable light-directing tube connected to said carriage and shiftable therewith.

21. In a key-controlled mechanism, the combination, With double-case image-forming objects, and with object-selecting means, of a carriage; means for shifting said carriage to different case positions; a power-operated image-governing light-controller supported by the carriage and shiftable therewith to different case positions; and a shiftable lightdirecting tube connected to, and shiftable with, the carriage.

22. In a key-controlled mechanism, the combination, with double-case image-forming objects, and with object-selecting means, of a carriage shiftable between different case positions; an imagegoverning light-controller supported by said carriage; a light-directing tube; and a traveling carriage on said shiftable carriage.

23. In a key-controlled mechanism, the

combination, With double-case objects, and with object-selecting means, of a carriage; feed mechanism for said carriage and embodying a fixed and a movable dog; and means for shifting said carriage to different case positions and for simultaneously shifting the movable dog Without shifting the fixed dog. 24. In an image-forming the mechanism combination,withimage-formingobjects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of object-selecting means, and blocking means controlled by the object-selecting means.

25. In a key controlled image forming mechanism, the combination, With key-controlled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of blocking; means controlled by said keys.

26. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with image-forming objects, of object-selecting means; an image-governing lightcontroller; and blocking means controlled by the object-selecting means.

27. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image,of key-blocking means controlled by said keys.

28. In a key-controlled imageforming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, ofkey-blocking means controlled by said keys, and keyreleasing means.

29. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineatingimage, of key blocking and releasing means controlled by said keys.

30. In a keycontrolled image forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of a reciprocatory key-controlled blocking device.

31. In a keycontrolled image forming mechanism, the combination, with kGY'COlL trolled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of an oscillatory key-controlled blocking device.

In a key-controlled image forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projccting an object-delineating image, of a reciprocatory reactive key-controlled blocking device.

In an image-forming mechanism, the combination ,With image-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of object-selecting means, and poser-operated blocking means controlled by the object-selecting means.

3i. In an image'forming mechanism, the combinatiomwithimage-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting,of object-selecting mcans,and bloeking means controlled by the object-selecting means and embodying a rotary power-operated member.

In an image-forming mechanism, the combinatiomwithimage-formingobjeetssuitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means,and blocking means controlled by the object-selecting means and embodying an intermittently-rotative power-operated member.

so. In an image-forming mechanism, the combi11ation,withimage-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting,of object-selecting means, and blocking means controlled by the object-selecting means and'embodying a rotary power-operated member and a reciprocatory blocking device controlled thereby.

37. In an image-forming mechanism, the combinatiomwithimage-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selectingmeans, a continuously-rotative driving member; an intermittently rotative driven member; coupling means between said rotary members and con trolled by the obj ect-selectin g means; and an intermittently-movable operated device controlled by said rotary driven member.

38. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination with im age-forming objects suit able for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means; acontinuously-rotative driving member; an intermittently rotative driven member; coupling means between said rotary members and controlled by the object-selecting means; and a light-controller operated by said rotary driven member.

39. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a pair of key-coiiitrolled image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a pair of key-levers,and key-controlled blocking means shiftable into a blocking position between an operated and the unoperated key-lever.

40. In an image-forming mechanism, the combinatiomwith key-controlled image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a multiplicity of key-levers,and key-controlled blocking means shiftable into a blocking position between an operated key-lever and all the unoperated key-levers.

41. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a pair of key-controlled image-formin g objects suit-able for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a pair of key-levers, and reciprocatory key-controlled blocking means shiftable into a blocking position between an operated and the unoperated key-lever.

42. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with a pair of key-controlled image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a pair of key-levers, and oscillatory key-controlled blocking means shiftable into a blocking position between an operated and the unoperated key-lever.

43. In a key-controlled mechanism,the combination, with a pair of key-levers, of key-controlled blocking means, and means for shifting said blocking means between different case positions.

44. In a key controlled image forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image forming objects, each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of keycontrolled power-operated blocking means embodying a rotary power-operated member and a separately-operative' blocking device controlled thereby.

'15. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image forming objects, each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of keycontrolled power-operated blocking means embodying a rotary power-operated member and a reciprocatory blocking device controlled thereby. I

46. In a key-controlled mechanism,the combin ation, with a pair of key-levers,of key-c011- trolled power-operated blocking means embod yin g a rotary power-operated member and a separatelyoperative blocking device controlled thereby; and means for shifting said blocking device between different case positions.

47. In a key-controlled mechanism,the combination, with a pair of key-levers, of asl1iftable carriage; means for shifting said carriage between different case positions; and key-controlled blocking means supported by. said carriage and shiftable into a blocking position between an operated and the unoperated key-lever.

48. In a key-controlled mechanism,the co1nbination, with a plurality of key-levers, of a reciprocatory key controlled blocking bar having a plurality of blocking members shiftable into blocking positions in a plane be tween an operated key-lever and all the unoperated levers.

49. In a key-controlled meehanism,the combination, with a plurality of key-levers, of a reciprocatory key controlled blocking bar having a plurality of separated blocking-fingers shiftable into blocking positions in a plane between an operated key-lever and all the unoperated levers.

50. In an image-forming mechanism, the

combination,with key-controllediinage-forming objects each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, of a rotary actuating member having a cam, and a cam-operated blocking device.

51. In an image-forming mechanism, the COlIlbll1ttlO1l,Wlbll key-controlled image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a rotary actuating member having a cam, and a cam-operated image-governing light-controller.

52. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled imageforming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a rotary actuating member having a pair of cams disposed in different circumferential positions; a blocking device controlled by one of said cams; and an image-governing light-controller operated by the other cam.

53. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination,with image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means; a continuously-rotative driving member; an intermittently-rotative driven member; coupling means between said rotary members and controlled by the object-selecting means; an intermittently-movable operated device controlledby said rotary driven member; and releasing and arresting means controlled by the object-selecting means and controlling the movements of the driven member.

54. In an image-forming mechanism, the eombinationavith image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means; a continuously-rotative driving member; an intermittently-rotative driven member; coupling means between said rotary members and controlled by the object-selecting means; an intermittently-movable operated device controlled by said rotary driven member; and a by-pass releasing device and an arresting device both controlled by the object-selecting means and controlling the movements of the driven member.

55. In a key-controlled image-forming mechanism, the combination, with image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means, and poweroperated objectlocking means controlled by the object-selecting means.

56. In akey-controlledimage-forming mechanism, the combination, With image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of objectselecting means, and power-operated object locking and releasing means controlled by the object-selecting means.

57. In a key-controlled image-formin mech anism, the combination, with image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means; an intermitten tly-rotative member controlled by the object-selecting means; and objectlocking means controlled bysaid driven member.

58. In a key-controlled image-formin g mechanism, the combination, with image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means; an image governing light controller; and power-operatedlight-controlleractuating and locking means controlled by the object-selecting means.

50. In a key-controlled im age-forming mechanism, the combination, with image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of object-selecting means;

and successi vely-elfective power-operated object-locking and light-controller-aetuating means controlled by the object selecting means.

(50. In an image -forming mechanism, the eombinatiomwith key-controlled image-forming objects suitable for projectingimages for photoprinting, of a rotary actuating member, and a key-controlled device operative by said rotary actuating member.

61. In an imagcforming mechanism, the combinatio11,\vitl1key-controlled image-forming objects suitable for projecting images For photoprinting, of a continuously rotative power-operated actuating membcr,an d a keycontrolled device operative by said rotary actuating member.

62. In an image-forming mechanism, the combination, with key-controlled image-forming objects suitable for the projection of images for photoprinting, of a rotary actuating member, and a plurality of key-controlled devices operative by said rotary actuating member and having different functions.

63. In a key-controlled image-forming meclr anism, the combination, with a pair of key levers, of a pair of image-forming objects controlled, respectively, by said hey-levers and each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image, and key-controlled power-operated blocking means shiftable into a blocking position between an operated and the unoperated key-lever.

64-. In a key-controlled image-formi ng mechanism, the combination, with a pair of keylevers, of a pair of image-forming objects controlled, respectively, by said key-levers and each constructed to permit the passage of light for projecting an object-delineating image; a key-controlled power-operated member; and blocking means controlled by said power-operated member and shiftable into a blocking position between an operated and the unoperated key-lever.

FRANCIS ll. RICHARDS.

IVitnesses:

FRED J. DoLn, C. A. WEED.

Images