US632667A - Magneto-electric generator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 632,667. Patented Sept. 5, |899. J. A. WILLIAMS.

MAGNET ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

(Application Bled JunelO, 1898. Renewed July 2G, 1899.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea,

.IOSEPH A. WILLIAMS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE VILLIAMS ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MAGNETO-ELECTRIC G EN ERATO Rn SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 632,667', dated September 5, 1899.

Application filed June 10,1898. Renewed July 26,1899. Serial No. 726,195. (No modell) To (1J/Z whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, JOSEPH A. WILLiAMs, of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful 5 Improvements in Magneto-Electric Generators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use 1o the same.

My invention relates to improvements in magneto-electric generators.

One object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the U-shaped permanent magnets by a novel and peculiar connection of the pole-pieces to the magnets, so as to form a relative efficient contact and a great effective length of permanent magnet and distribute the magnetism from the magnets unizo formly from the central portion of the polepieces in opposite directions cireumferentially of the armatures sweep.

A further object of the invention is to provide a very simple, convenient, and reliable 2 5 automatic cut-out, whereby when the generator is not in actual use for ringing the resistance of the armature-winding is automatically cut out of the circuit, so as to avoid weakening of received signals on the bells.

3o With these objects in view, and to the end of realizing other advantages hereinafter relerred to, the invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is an end elevation of a magneto-electric generatorembodyingmyinvention. FigIIis'afront side elevation of the machine, partly broken 4o away and in section to more clearly show the construction. Fig. III is a plan, partly in section and partly broken away. Fig. IV shows the stationary contact and movable contacts of the cutout and illustrates the manner in which the movable contacts are electrically disengaged from the stationary contact simultaneously with the rotation of the manually-driven shaft.

Referring to the drawings, A A designate 5o the two oppositely-arranged pole pieces or plates that are arranged at opposite sides, respectively, el the circle or sweep of the armature 13. Each pole-piece A has a central arc-shaped portion that extends close to and circumferentially of and partially surrounds the sweep of the armature. Each pole-piece at the lower extremity of its arc-shaped portion extends perpendic ularl y downwardly, as

at a, to the wooden base or support C, and thence is lflanged laterally and outwardly, as 6o at a', and overlaps and engages the adjacent end of the inverted U -shaped permanent magnets D, that straddle the pair of pole-pieces. Hence the pole-pieces are arranged between the legs or limbs of the magnets and have iianges athat engage the extremities of the said magnets and are secured, preferably removably, by means of screws C to the base or support C.

The generator in the case illustrated com- 7o prisesthree permanent magnets arranged in line edgewise,and the central magnet is snuglyinterposed between the two outer magnets, so as to avoid any air-space between the adjacent edges of adjacent magnets.` The polepieces are preferably longer than the aggregate width of the magnets and extend, preferably, beyond theouter edges of the outer magnets.

For the purpose of obtaining a greater ef- 8o feetive length of permanent magnet by connecting each pole-piece at the central portion to the connected magnets at a line horizontally bisecting the circular path or sweep of the armature or atl the place where the permanent magnets arc nearest to the said sweep or path, and for the purpose of distributing the magnetism to the pole-pieces from the magnets uniformly in opposite directions cireumferentially of the armatures sweep, I pro- 9o vide a contact-plate G of magnetic material between the outer side of each pole-piece and the inner sides of the adjacent legs or limbs of the magnets, and the said plate G is preferably composed of sheet metal cut and stamped or bent into the shape required to form three perpendicular and llat sections g, engaging the inner sides of the three different magnets, respectively, and an arc-shaped section g between adjacent straight sections ico and conforming to and litting the external surface of the central arc-shaped portion of the pole-piece, and the central portion of the arcshapcd members of the contact-plate ena cease? gage the pole-pieces and magnets at a point horizontally opposite, or approximately horizontally opposite, the axis of the armature, and the curved portions g' of the contactplate distribute the magnetism from the magnets to the pole-pieces above and below the central place at which the contaetplate engages the magnets.

Each contact-plate G, to prevent its endwise displacement, has two lugs or flanges g2 g2, that are formed upon opposite ends, respectively,and centrally of the plate and overlapping opposite side edges, respectively, of the engaging pole-piece.

Each contact-plate G, for the purpose of preventing edgewise displacement of the permanent magnets, is provided at the top and bottom with two lugs or flanges g3, projecting laterally and outwardly from opposite ends, respectively, of the plate and overlapping and engaging the outeredges of the different outer magnets, respectively.

The armature-shaft b, that operatively bears the armature,is arranged longitudinally of and centrally between the pole-pieces and preferably in the same horizontal plane, as already indicated, with those portions of the eontactplates that engage both the polepieces and t-he magnets, and the said shaft is suitably supported from the end plates K K, that are composed of non-magnetic material and arranged at opposite ends, respectively, of the pole-pieces, and the said end plates are secured, preferably removably, by means of screws K', to the outer sides of the flanges L', formed upon the ends of two horizontally-arranged plates L and L, that are arranged apart vertically a suitable distance and extend from end to end of the pole-pieces, and at the sides have flanges L2, that are secured, preferably removably, by means of screws K2 to the pole-pieces. The armature has a hub B', that is fixed upon the shaft in any approved manner, and two heads B2 B2, arranged at opposite sides, respectively, of the hub, and is recessed between the heads and the hub for accommodating the reception of the wire B3, that is wound upon the armature, and the outer arc-shaped surfaces of the armature-heads are not concentric with the arcshaped surfaces of the pole-pieces; but the air-gaps between the sweep of the said surfaces of the armature and the pole-pieces shall increase slightly from the central portion of the pole-pieces upwardly and downwardly cireumferentially of the said sweep.

The armature-shaft at the left-hand end of the machine operatively bears a pinion b',that is in mesh with the driving spur-gear O', that is operatively mounted upon the left-hand end of the manually-driven shaft O, that is arranged horizontally above and parallel with the armature-shaft and supported from upward extensions Ks of the end plates K.

The jarring or jerking of the gear when the latter is placed at or near the crank is so great during the operation of tho machine that the bearing of the gear and also the bearing of the pinion are seriously worn, andthe wear is evidenced by the objectionable noise that is perceptibly heard during the operation of the worn gearing. By placing the gear as faraway from the operating-crank as practicable I have observed that the wear upon the bearings is reduced to a minimum, and, consequently, l place the gearing at the outer side of the left-hand shaft-supporting end plate K.

The automatic eut-ont comprises, preferably, a disk or collar P, that is removably secured to the manually-driven shaft by a screw P'. To the disks side that faces in the direction from which power is applied to the shaft are secured two pawls or contacts l)2 I, arranged at opposite sides, respectively, of and movable toward the shaft and having one end pivoted to the disk, as at P3, horizontally and longitudinally of the shaft. disk is provided with an annnlarand circumferential rim or flange P4, that projects in the said direction, and two springs P5 P5, that are secured to the internal surface of the said' rim, act to retain the different pawls in their normal position, wherein the free ends of the pawls project through slots PU, formed in the aforesaid rim, into engagement with a stationary contact Q, that extends around but is arranged a suitable distance from the said rim and is supported in any approved manner-as, for instance, from the pole-pieces, from which it is suitably insulated, as at Q'. Contact Q is electrically connected by the wire with the metallic member b4, that by the insulated pin h2 is electrically connected with one end of the armature-wire. R and R' designate the two wires leading from and to the machine. Vire R is electrically connected to any metallic part of the machine that is electrically connected with the armature-shaft, and wire R' is electrically connect ed to member b4 and consequently is electrically connected with stationary contact Q. The movable contacts P2 are electrically connected with the armature-shaft through the mechanism that lies between them and the said shaft, and consequently the armature` winding is short-circuited when the movable contacts l2 are in their normal position and engage the stationary contact Q, and the short circuit of the said winding is removed, so as to throw the latter into the circuit when contacts P2 are moved out ol' engagement with contact Q.

A preferable construction ofthe cut-out is shown in Fig. IV, where the,A two pawls are pivoted at diametrieally opposite sides, respectively, of and a suitable distance from the shaft O and extend in opposite directions, respectively. Each pawl at its outer longitudinal edge and outer side has a lug or flange P7, arranged longitudinally of the pawl and engaged by the spring that acts to retain the said pawl in the latters normal position. Each pawl at its inner longitiidinal edge and outer The said IOO supported at the right-hand end from the lefthand end of shaft-section O3 by extending into the said left-hand end of section O3, that to a limited extent is revoluble upon shaftsection OX. Operative connection between the two shaft-sections is made by two flanges or arms 0505, formed upon opposite sides, respectively, of the inner or left-hand end of shaft-section O3. One of the members O5 overlaps the outer side of the flange P8 of one of the pawls and the other member O5 over-` laps the outer side of the lange P8 of the other pawl, and the arrangement of parts is such, therefore, that the turn of the shaft-section O3 in the one or the other direction will cause its arms or lian ges Oto actuate the pawls toward each other against the action of the pawl-engaging springs and out of engagement with contact Q and turn the left-hand shaftsection by virtue of the operative connection thus established between the two shaft-sections bymembers O5 and pawlsPS. The gearbearing shaft-section is prevented from out` ward endwise displacement by a collar O6, fixed upon the said shaft-section at the righthand end ofthe shaft-supporting box formed upon the left-hand end plate K, and the crauk-bearin g shaft-section is prevented from outward endwise displacement by a collar O7, iixed upon the said last-mentioned shaft-section at theleft-hand end of the shaft-supporting box formed upon the right -hand end plate K.

The arrangement of the stationary contact Q and the movable contacts P2 P2 is of course such that at all times at least one of the said movable contacts in the latters normal position engages the stationary contact.

Two suitably-arranged bolts S S and nuts S', mounted upon the shanlzs of the bolts, and plates or washers S2, interposed between the bolt-heads and the magnets and between the nuts and the magnets are employed in drawing the limbs of the magnets together and against the pole-pieces. The two bolts extend through the different outer magnets, respectively, next to the central magnet. The bolt-holes d in the magnets are formed by recesses made in the said edges of the' magnets, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1I, and the washers or plates S2 extend across and act upon the central magnet.

That I claim isl. In a 1n agncto-clcctric generator, the combination with the magnets and the pole-pieces; of contact-plates between the pole-pieces and the magnets, which plates have sections engaging the magnets and having other sections engaging the pole-pieces, substantially as set forth.

2. In a magneto-electric generator, a contact -plate snugly interposed between the outer side of each pole-piece and the adjacent portions of the permanent magnets, and consisting of a sheet or plate of magnetic material, and cut orstamped or bent into the shape required to form straight sections engaging the magnets and curved sections conforming to and engaging the outer sides of the polepieces, substantially as set forth.

3. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the two pole-pieces having arc shaped or curved portions arranged at opposite sides, respectively, of and extending partially around the armatures sweep, and the magnets straddling the pair of pole-pieces; of a con tact-plate snugly interposed between the said central portion of each pole-piece and the magnets, and having straight sections engaging the magnets and arc-shaped or curved sect-ions formed between the straight sections and engagin the'pole-pieces, substantially as set forth.

4. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the two arc-shaped or curved pole-pieces arranged at opposite sides, respectively, of the armatures sweep, and the magnets straddling the pair of pole-pieces; of a contact-plate interposed between the outer side of each pole-piece and the magnets, and having sections engaging and conforming to the inner surfaces of the magnets above and below the central part of the arc-shaped or curved portions of the pole-piece and having othersections partiallyembracing and engaging the outer sides of the pole-pieces above and below the said central part of the polepiece, substantially as set forth.

5. In a magneto-electric generator, a coutact-plate for interposition between the outer side of a pole-piece and the adjacent portions of the permanent magnets and consisting of a plate composed of magnetic metal or material and cut and stamped or bent into the shape required to form sections partially embracing the pole-piece above and below the central portion of the armature-surrounding portion of the pole-piece, and other sections conforming to and engaging the magnets above and below the said central portion of the pole-piece, substantially as set forth.

G. In a magneto-electric generator, a eontact-plate interposed between the outer side of a pole-piece and the adjacent portion of the permanent magnets, and having twolugs or flanges overlappingand engaging the opposite side edges, respectively, of the polepiece, su bstant-ially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a magneto-electric generator, a contact-plate interposed between a pole-piece and ICO IIO

the magnets, and having lugs or fiangessuitably arranged to prevent edgewise displacement of the magnets, substantially as set forth.

S. In a magnetoelectric generator, a contact-plate interposed between a pole-piece and the magnets, and consisting of a plate of magnetic metal cut and stamped or bent into the shape required to form, first, members engaging the magnets inner sides, secondly, members engaging the outer side of the polepiece, thirdly, lugs or Iianges overlapping and engaging the side edges of the pole-piece,and, fourthly, lugs or flanges arranged to prevent edgewise displacements of the magnets, substantially as set forth.

9. In a magnetoelectric generator, the coinbination of the supporting-base C; two pole pieces A A; the permanent magnets D, and the contact-plates G having the magnet-engaging members g and the pole-piece-engaging members g all arranged and operating, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. lO. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of the two pole-pieces and the magnets straddling the pair of pole-pieces and arranged in line and contact edgewise, and having the bolt-holes, for the reception of the bolts, that are instrumental in drawing together the magnets, formed by slots or recesses made in edges of the magnets, and the bolts and connected members for drawing the magnets against the pole-pieces, substantially as set forth.

Il. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the pole-pieces and the three permanent magnets arranged in line edgewise with the central magnet snugly interposed between the two outer magnets; of the bolts S, the nuts S and the plates or washers S2, all arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

l2. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of the manually-driven shaft having a n external disl;,collar or laterally-projecting member; a contact pivoted t0 the said laterally-projecting member longitudinally of the shaft; a stationary contact arranged to be engaged, by the pivoted contact, when the latter' is in its normal position; means acting to retain the pivoted contact in the latters normal position; and such an operative connection between the pivoted contact and the shaft as will tilt or swing the pivoted contact away, and retain it separated, from the stationary Contact during the rotation of the shaft, substantially as set forth.

13. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the stationary contact, and a movable contact, of the machines cut-ont; of the manually-driven shaft, and such an operative connection between the latter and the movable contact as will separate the movable contact, and retain the latter separated, from the stationary contact during the rotation of the shaft in either direction, substantially as set forth.

cease? movable contacts and the shaft as will cause the movable contacts to be disengaged from the stationary contact upon the rotation of the shaft, substantially as set forth.

l5. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of the manually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise; a disk or col lar operatively mountedor formed upon one of the shaft-sections; acrank operatively connected with the other shaft-sections; two movable contacts carried by the said disk or collar at opposite sides, respectively, of the shaft and movable toward each other; a stationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which the movable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft, and arranged to be engaged at all times by at least one of the movable contacts in the latters normal position; means acting to retain the movable contacts in their normal position, and such an operative connection between the crank-bearing shaft-section and the movable contacts as will cause the movable contacts, during the rotation of the last-mentioned shaft-section, to be disengaged from the stationary contact and transmit motion to the shaft-section that carries the movable contacts, substantially as set forth,

1G. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of' the manually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise; a d isl or collar operatively mounted or formed upon one of the shaft-sections; a crank operatively connected with the other shaft-section; two movable contacts carried by the said disl: or collar and pivoted, at one end, at opposite sides, respectively, of the shaft, and extending in opposite directions, respectively; a stationarycontact partiallyembracing the annular path along which the movable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft and arranged to be engaged at all times byat least one of themovable contacts in the latters normal position; means acting to retain the movable contacts in their normal positions, and suoli an operative connection between the crank-bearing section of the shaft and the movable contacts as will cause the movable contacts, during the rotation of the last-mentioned shaft-section, to be disengaged from the stationary contact and transmit motion to the shaft-section that car` ries the movable contacts, substantially as set forth.

IOO

IIO

17. In a. magneto-electric generator, the combination of the manually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise; a disk or collar operatively mounted or formed upon one of the shaft-sections; a crank operatively connected with the other shaft-sed tion; two movable contacts supported from the disk or collar and arranged at opposite sides, respectively, of and movable toward the shaft, and each of the said movable contacts havinga ilange arranged longitudinally thereof; means acting to retain the said contacts in their normal position; a stationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which the movable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft, and arranged to be engaged at all times by one of the mov` able contacts in the latters normal position, and two arms orflanges formed upon or rigid with the crank-bearing shaft-section and overlapping the one the outer side of the ilange of one of the movable contacts, and the other the outer side of the flange of the other movable contact, substantially as set forth.

18. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of the manually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise, and one of the said sections being hollow and embracing the other section; a crank operatively connected with the hollow shaft-section 5 two movable contacts supported from the other shaft-section and arranged at opposite sides, respectively,of and movable toward the shaft, and each of the said movable contacts having a llange arranged longitudinally thereof means acting to retain the said contacts in their normal position; a stationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which the movable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft and arranged to be engaged at all times by one of the movable contacts in the latters normal position; an arm or llange formed on the crankebearing shaft-section and overlapping the outer side of the flange of one of the movable contacts, and another arm or llange formed upon the said shaft-section and overlapping the outer side of the flange of the other movable contact, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

' 19. In a magneto electric generator, the combination of the manually-driven shaft; two movable contacts supported from and arranged at opposite sides, respectively, of and movable toward the shaft, and each of the said movable contacts having a lange arranged longitudinally thereof; means acting to retain the said contacts in their normal position; a

stationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which the movable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft and arranged to be engaged at' all times by one of the movable contacts in the latters normal position; the operating-crank3 a member overlapping the outer side of the flange of one of the movable contacts and a member overlapping the outer side of the ilange of the other movable contact, and both of the said flangeoverlapping members being revoluble and operatively connected with the crank, substam tially as set forth.

20. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of the shaft O comprising a crank-bearing section OS revolubly embracing the gear-bearing section OX; the disk or collar P having the circumferential rim or flange P4 slotted, as at P6; the pivoted movable contacts P2 having the flanges P7 and PB; the springs P5 and the arms or anges O upon the crank-bearing shaft-section, all arranged and operating for the purpose shown and specified.

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this 6th day of June, 1898.

JOSEPH A. W'ILLIAMS.

Vitnesses:

C H. Donna, A. l-I. PARRETT.

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