US618399A - david - Google Patents

Description

No. 618,399. Patented l an. 3|, I899.

. H. DAVID. APPARATUS FOR MERCERIZING.

(Application filed June 7, 1898.1 (NuModeL) 3 Sheets8heet l.

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- H DAVID.

APPARATUS FOR MEBCEBIZING.

(Application filed June 7, 1898,\. U

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I NvEN-ro v N0. 6|8,399. Patented Jan 3|,1899.

QH. DAVID.

APPARATUS FOR MEROERIZING. I (Application filed Jun e 7, 1898.! ("0 Model.) v 3 ShB8l 8$hB 8f 3.

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NITED STATES PATENT APPARATUS FOR MERCERIZING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,399, dated January 31, 1899.

Application filed June '7, 1893. Serial No. 682,824. (N0 model.)

To all whom, it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, HENRI DAVID, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Paris, in the Department of the Seine, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mercerizing Hanks of Yarn and Thread, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Hanks and skeins of yarn and thread are mercerized in the stretched condition for the purpose of producing a silky or lustrous effect. The operation includes treatment with the mercerizing liquid and a subsequent washing or treatment to removeor neutralize the mercerizing liquid, the yarn being stretched until the operation is complete. According to my present invention I arrange that the fluids used in the operation shall pass through the thickness of the yarn or threads by aspiration, as hereinafter described.

The hanks or skeins are arranged upon pairs of rollers, between which they are stretched, and they are kept in motion by means of gearing which drives one of the rollers. The wall of one of the rollers is pierced, and its interior communicates with a chamber or chambers in which a more or less complete vacuum can be produced. Above that roller is a system of jets through which the mercerizing liquid, and subsequently the washing or neutralizing fluid, can be supplied to the surface of the yarn or thread upon the roller. The fluid is sucked through the material to be treated and then passes to the vacuum-chamber, whence it may be removed for reuse.

I will more particularly describe my said invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 indicates afront elevation, partly in section. Fig. 2 shows a side elevation, also partly in section; and Fig. 3, a plan view.

The more prominent parts of the machine constructed to carry out this invention are two frames A B, the upper one of which is supported and the lower of which is guided by the four columns 0 G, fixed upon the base D of the apparatus. The lower frame B may be moved vertically,so as to produce the necessary stretching and relaxation of the yarn or thread. This motion is obtained by carrying the frame B upon the upper end of a vertical screw E, mounted in the base D and rotated by gearing also contained within the base. This gearing is driven from a shaft on which the pulleys F G H are mounted. H is aloose pulley. F is a fast pulley, and when the belt is on it the screw is rotated thereby to raise the frame B, and G also is afast pulley which similarly serves to lower the frame. The construction of the necessary gearing is commonly used for other purposes and is well understood. The strap fork may be arranged so as to be brought into action when the frame B reaches certain points,which may be varied.

The lower rollers of each pair each consists of a plain metal shaft I I, mounted and runningfreely in the frame B. The upper rollers J J are provided with end flangesc d and are formed upon a hollow'shaft running upon the fixed shaft K K. The ends of this shaft are bored and fitted with the inlet-pipes P P. The hollow roller-shafts are rotated by means of worms and worm-wheels M N, the Worms N N being fixed upon the shaft upon which thepulleys O O are fixed. One of these pulleys is fast and the other loose upon the shaft. The worms and worm-wheels are so constrncted that in the case of two pairs of rollers the upper roller of one pair is driven in an opposite direction to that of the similar roller of the next pair. Each of these rollers rotates in a direction over toward the next roller,as indicated by the angles of the worms, Fig. 1.

The treatment of the yarn or thread is effected upon the upper arcs of the upper rollers. For this purpose the walls of the rollers between the end flanges are pierced with a number of holes, which are preferably arranged in quincunXes-that is to say, so that the holes in one circle alternate with the holes in the next circles, so that a moderately thin plane parallel with and cutting the axis of the shaft K will include some of the holes. W'hen any of these holes arrive in the highest point of the revolution of the roller, they come in line with a slot through which they communicate with the bored ends g g in the shaft K K. The canals g g in turn communicate by means of the system of pipes P P with the reservoir Q, in which a more or less complete vacuum is produced and maintained by an ejector, pump, or other known means. The same canals g g also communicate through the pipe system P P with a second vacuum'chamber Q, in which a vacuum can also be produced and maintainerhas required, as in the chamber Q. Either system of pipes may be putinto orout of coin municaticn with its respective chamber by the valves Y Y. The mercerizing liquid is contained in a tank R and the water or neutralizing liquid in the tank R, each of which communicates with a horizontal pipe on which the series of jets s .s' is arranged and either of which can have its communication opened or closed by the valves X X. Below the jets s .9 there are scrapers U U, which are normally nearly horizontal, with aslight down ward inclination toward the rollers JJ, which they maytouch. Above the jets, each of which can be controlled by a small cock, there is arranged a series of corresponding clearingrods h 72., held up, as shown, by spiral springs. In the event ofany jet becoming choked it may be cleared by depressing the corresponding rod. The scrapers U U are each mounted upon a fulcrum 7;, which also carries the counter-weighted lever V, adapted to hold the scrapers up and out of contact with its roller, as indicated to the left of Fig. 1,when the banks are being removed or replaced. The hanks being stretched upon their rollers and the apparatus being put in motion, the valves X and Y on the mercerizin g system are opened and merceri zation takes place. This being completed, the same valves are closed and the corresponding valves of the washing or neutralizing system are opened. The stretching of the yarn or thread is maintained until the mercerizing liquid has-been removed or neutralized, as is well understood.

It will be seen that the liquid falling through the jets s 5 falls upon the scrapers and descends upon the material upon the rollers, through which it is sucked by the vacuum, more or less complete, in the chamber Q or Q.

Having now particularly described and ascertain ed the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with a rotatable tubular perforated roller, of a stationary pipe fitting inside of said roller and having a slot, means for feeding liquid upon said roller, and means for producing a vacuum in the pipe, substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with a rotatable tubular roller having perforations arranged in quincunxes, of a stationary pipe fitting inside of said roller and having alongitudinal slot in its upper side, means for feed ing liquid upon the top of the roller, and means for producing a vacuum in the pipe, substantially as described.

3. In apparatus fortreatin g yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with a tubular perforated roller, of means for producing a vacuum therein, a scraper having its edge adjacent to the roller, and a series of jets for feeding liquid upon the scraper, subslantially as described.

4. 1n apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with a perforated roller and means for producing a vacuum therein,of a hinged scraper havingits edge adjacent to said roller, a counterweighted lever connected with said scraper, and means for feeding liquid upon said scraper, substantially as described.

5. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with means for supporting the material to be treated, of a series of jets for feeding liquid upon said material, and a spring-retracted clearing-rod in each jet,substantia1ly as described.

6. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with means for supporting the material to be treated, of a series of jets for feeding liquid upon the material, two or more tanks connected with said jets, and valves for controlling the flow of-liquid from said tanks, substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, the combination with perforated tubular rollers, of vac uum-chambers, pipes connecting said chambers with said rollers, a movable frame carrying shafts running freely in the axial planes of the rollers,means for adjusting said frame toward and away from said rollers, a series of jets for feeding liquid upon the rollers, and tanks for supplying different liquids at will to said jets, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I subscribe my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRI DAVID.

Vitnesses:

HENRY DANZER, EDWARD P. MAOLEAN.

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