US609507A - giordano - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 23, |898.

G. GIORDANO.

NON-REFILLABLE BOTTLE.

(Application led June B, 1897.)

(No Model.)

/NVENTORI TNENDRIS PETERS GO.A PHOTGLITHO', WASHINGTON, D. C.

` Patented Aug. 23, |898. N- 609507' f G. GIORDANO.

NUN-REFILLABLE BOTTLE.

(Application filed June s, 1897.)

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

PATENT GEREMIA GIORDANO, OF TURIN, ITALY.

NON-REFILLABLE BOTTLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. A609,507`,1 dated August 23, 10898.

Application filed' June 1897. Serial No. 639,826. (lilo model.) Patented in ItalyDecember9,1896,1Tos.` I13,028 and 43,029; in Austria February 2, 1897, No. l17/367;` in France April 13, 1897,11'0. 262,929; in Hungary May 7,1897, No. 8,280; in Belgium May 31, 1897, No. 128,173; in Spain June 15, 1897, No. 20,864, and in Brazil June 25, 1897, No. 2,299.

To @ZZ whom, t may concer-rt:

Beit known that I, GEREMIA GIORDANO, a subjectof the King of Italy, residing in Turin, in the Province of Turin, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Non- Reiillable Bottles, (the same being the subject-matter of Letters Patent in Italy, Nos. 43,028 and 43,029, dated December 9, 1896; in Austria, No. L17/367, dated February 2, 1897; in Spain, No. 20,864, dated June 15, 1897; in Brazil, No". 2,299, dated June 25,1897; in Belgium, No. 128,173, dated May 31, 1897; in France, No. 262,929, dated April 13, 1897, and in Hungary, No. 8,280, dated May 7, 1897,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to non-refillable bottles or special bottles of glass, crystal, or any other substance, of any dimensions whatsoever, for containing liquids, and fitted with an interior mechanism which cannot be taken out again, and provides certain improvements whereby when the said bottles are once emptied by pouring out their contents they ca nnot be refilled in any way.

The invention forming the object of the present application has been adapted by me to two diiferent'types of bottles, in which the system of affl'xing the mechanism to the bottle is the same, but the interior mechanism differs substantially in the two cases and 4will be hereinafter explained.

My invention 'provides certain improvements which will be fully hereinafter explained with reference to the accompanying drawings,which illustrate certain adaptations of my improvements, and in which-- Figures 1, 7, 8, and 9 are fragmentary axial sections of the bottle. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary axial and cross-section of its head. Fig. 3 is a side and topview of'the valve. Fig. 4 is a cross-sction of the headof the bottle. Fig. 5 is an axial section and plan view of the stopper-cap; and Fig. 6 is an axial and cross-section of the safety-stopper, a side and end view of the locking-block, and aface and edge view of its spring. Fig. 1EL is a section of the bottle, illustrating a modification. Fig. 2` is a side and top view of` the valve. Fig. 3' isa section, side, and top view of the stop-cap; and

Fig. Lla is an axial and cross-section of the stopper.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, I will now describe in detail the construction therein shown. i Type of speo'iolbozftle with flat 'ual/Ue of conical body, stop-cap, cmd safety-stopper.-This type-is shown in Fig. 1, which represents the vertical section of one of these bottles with all the parts of the mechanism in position. It is composed o f a bottle A, a flat valve with conical body B, a stop-cap C, and asafetyvstopper D.

Bottle-This is formed (see Fig. 1) f a bottle, of glass, crystal, or porcelain, of any desired shape, the neck of which terminates in a sectional enlargement of slightly-conical (truncated) form, open at the top and provided with a circular hole a at its lower base, which base is perfectly level. y lateral walls of this enlargement are situated two recesses (or parallelepiped notches) b, Fig. 1, which, viewed from the front and in section along the plane c m, appear, as at b, in Fig. 2. `These recesses are intendedto receive, when the stopper D is attachedwto the bottle, a part of the two small imprisoned blocks c, Fig. 1, also of glass, crystal, or porcelain, which, as will be hereinafter explained, impelled by two small springs and issuing in part from similar recesses k, formed in the safety-stopper l), are retained captive between the neck of the bottle and the said stopper andA eectually prevent the removal of the latter, and consequently the removal of the mechanism of the bottle. The enlargement of the neck of the bottle is provided on the outside with a circular ledge CZ in order that the bottle may be utilized, when once empty, by excisin g the portion above the said ledge.

FZdt'vaZ/oe wt'thoonicol b0`cZy.-,-The flat valve with conical body B, Fig. 1, (shown in vertical and horizontal projection in Fig. 3,) is a piece of glass or crystal or porcelain in the form of a cone, having at the lower extremity an annular ledge e, which constitutes the part actually performing the functions of a valve in the mechanism. This hat valve rests In the innerV ,mechanism.

in its normal position on the flat base of the enlargement in the neck of the bottle, and its dimensions are such that in whatever position it rests on this base it completely covers the central aperture a of communication with the interior of the bottle, as is seen in Fig. 4, where the ledge e is represented by the dotted circular line. This property of the valve is of very great importance in the comprehension of the method of acting of the The ledge e offers the advantage of presenting an easily-leveled bearingsurface of minimum extent, the latter being a very important advantage, since it presents a minimum of resistance to the disengagement of the valve by its own weight and by the pressure of the liquid above which tends to fall down. The valve is made hollow in order that it may have nearly the same speciiic gravity as the liquid, and consequently may be regarded almost as floating in the latter, which condition is essential, as ywill be subsequently seen, to the action of the mechanism in order to prevent the introduction, even under low pressures, of liquid into the bottle when completelyinverted. Externally the valve is provided on its lateral sloping surface with a number of protuberances arranged in two circles, one above and the other below, designed to preserve a hollow space between the valve itself and the stop-cap in orderto allow of the passage of the liquid when the bottle is inverted for emptying, and also intended to reduce the friction between the valve and the interior surface of the stopcap.

Siop-cap.-This very important part C, Fig. l, of the mechanism serves as a constant guide for the valve during its movements and also as a protector of the same. Shown in detail in Fig. 5, it presents a conical interior surface similar in angle to that of the valve and is pierced with several lateral openings g for the free passage of the liquid arranged in such manner that the protuberances on the valve can not,d urin g the movement of the latter,en gage therein, as is shown in Figs. l and 7, where the openings are beyond the limits of movement of the protuberances. It is also surmounted by a cylindrical enlargement h, intended to prevent the possibility of the valve being held away from its plane of support by intercepting any iron wire or other means attempted for this purpose to be applied froln the outside when the bottle is inverted. Safety-stopper. -Th e safety-stopper D, Fig. l, is also made of glass, crystal, or porcelain, and serves to maintain in position the other parts of the mechanismi. e., the valve and the corresponding stop-cap-and is represented in section in Fig. 6. It is penetrated by a central aperture t' and a passage or chamber z, -and on the outside of the stem is provided with two recesses (or parallelepiped notches) 7c, similar to those in the neck of the bottle, but a little deeper. Into these recesses are introduced two small springs of steel or other elastic material Z and two small blocks of glass, crystal, or porcelain c, which, under the pressure of the iinger, are forced entirely within the recesses in the stopper, but which when the stopper is inserted in the neck of the bottle and the small blocks are liberated are projected forward by the pressure of the springs directly they arrive opposite the recesses in the neck, so that they are held captive on the one hand for one half their thickness by the recesses in the neck and on the other hand for the other half by the stopper, while the small springs assume a position of repose. In this manner the small blocks thus imprisoned engage with the neck and the stopper and absolutely prevent the removal of the latter unless the bottle is broken.

Method ofllz'ng the hottie cmd inserting the mechanism-Then the bottle has been thoroughly rinsed and clean ed,the liquid is poured in, the valve is put in position and covered with the stop-cap, and,lastly, the stopper, in the recesses of which have previously been inserted the two small springs Z and the two small blocks c, the latterheld in place -by two fingers of one hand, is pushed into its place until the two small blocks are opposite the corresponding recesses in the neck of the bot tle,whereupon, impelled by the springs, they partially enter these recesses and remain imprisoned between the neck and the stopper, thereby fastening the mechanism to the bottle. The central aperture t of the stopper should be closed by a cork or stopper or other material.

Working-From the detailed description the method of working the mechanism in order to permit of the extraction of the liquid contained in the bottle and to prevent the refilling of the bottle once emptied with a fresh adulterated liquid will be perfectly understood.

Fig. '7 shows the bottle totally or almost totally inverted, in which the valve, forced by the supernatant liquid, retreats into the interior of the corresponding stop-cap, and the liquid escaping by way of the aperture d, which is uncovered by the valve B, passes between the valve and the inner surface of the stop-cap, thence through the holes g in the latter, and issues from the bottle by way of the chamber ,e and opening t' in the stopper.

Fig. 8 shows the empty bottle inverted and an attempt being made to introduce a liquid therein either under low or high pressure. The valve B, almost floating on the surface, however low the pressure, rises, and in whatever manner it encounters its seat its plane annular projecting ledge e always covers up the aperture a, preventing the introduction of the liquid.

When the empty bottle is inclined before its axis takes up a horizontal position, as is seen in Fig. 9, the valve, resting with its lower protuberance on the inner conical surface of the stop-cap, slides backward thereon by its own weight and, keeping the plane of its pro- IOO IIO

jecting ledge always parallel to that of the base-plate of the neck, falls thereon and conceals the aperture a, thus preventing admission of liquid to the bottle. In raising the bottle from this position tothe Vertical the valve,V with its ledge e, always remains in contact with its seat, the aperture a is kept constantly closed, and it will be found impossible to introduce liquids into the bottle.

llfoclzficu'lz'on of the abone-described tjr/pe of bottle- Always preserving substantially unaltered the principle on which the first type of bottle described above is based several. slight modifications may be made in the various details ofthe mechanism, as is demonstrated by the other figures of the drawings, in order to vary the shape of the neck of the bottle and to facilitate the construction in glass of the different parts of the mechanism. Referring to Figs. l"L to t, inclusive, I will now describe in detail the modifications therein shown: Fig. l0L shows a vertical sect-ion of the bottle in which the various parts of the mechanism are already in position. The body of the bottle A is in shape similar to that shown and described in the first type'of bottle, with the sole difference that the neck is rather more elongated, continuing, however, to presentthe same characteristics. The valve B' (shown in section in Fig. l and given in vertical and horizontal projection in Fig.

T) has a circular projecting ledge f in place of the upper circle of protuberances in the before-described type of bottle. The stopcap C', shown in section along the plane cutting the axis of its perforations in Fig. l, as well as in section along the plane perpendicular to the foregoing and in horizontal and vertical projection in Fig. 3, is similar to the stop-cap considered before, except that it is pierced by only two holes g', almost trapezoidal in form, with a narrow extension y toward the top, this narrow vextension, in correspondence with which works the circular projection f of the valve, being made in order that the liquid, when the bottle is in an inverted position, may entirely escape, or nearly so, from inside the stop-cap, and so prevent the valve from resting inert at the bottom of the stop-cap by reason of the liquid that might be left therein causing adhesion to the valve. The upper cylindrical part h of the stop-cap has two small lateral projections o, directed toward the solid walls w, between the two apertures or holes g of the stop-cap. The safety-stopper D', differing little from the one previously described, is shown in Fig. 4a. In addition to the central aperture t" and the recesses 7c for the small blocks c it has also two slits or openings e" in diametricallyl opposite positions, serving to contain in their lower. portion the projections o of the stop-cap in order to prevent the rotation of the latter in relation to the stopper. The upper parts of these openings e', (see Fig. l2) which remain uncovered after the introduction of the upper stem h of the stop-cap into the central aperture of the stopper, serve as outlet-passages for the liquid from the under part of the neck into the central channel t" of the stopper, whence the liquid can issue freely from the bottle. This arrangement of the parts of' the mechanism is such that, though an iron wire or other instrument introduced with fraudulent intention into the interior of the bottle may, it is true, enter by the openings in the stopperinto the lower part of the neck, it will', however, in issuing therefrom, abut against the solid side walls w of the stop-cap, and

thus be absolutely prevented from penetrating the interior of the latter for the purpose of holding the valve away from its seat.

Consideration I. nIt should be stated that the valves of both types of bottle have been made hollow in order that they maybe of the vsame weight as the liquid and almost oat therein. This does not prevent the employment of solids and heavy valves for very thick and viscous liquids in order to insure their freedom of movement and prevent their remaining quiescent in the interior ofthe bottle.

Consideration lI.-lt should be remarked that these two types of bottle may be adapted to vessels of any dimensions whatsoever, from demijohns and very large bottles downto small bottles and flasks, and in particular the first-described type to very large bottles and the second-described type to small ones, and that consequently the question in its widest application is solved, and the method may be applied to industries concerned with liquids-such as liquors, special wines, remedies, and perfumeson a very large scale, guaranteeing protection to such industries from invasion by highly-ruinous falsifications.

It will be seen that the valve-seat, which is represented as forming an integral part with the bottle, need not necessarily be thus constructed, as it is apparent that it would suflice to use a ring which could be united to the bottle in any suitable way; also, that the stop-cap C and the safety-stopper D, which are shown as formed of two distinct pieces, are not necessarily thus formed, and can be varied in form or construction in such manner as circumstances render"- desirable, and that they need notrise entirely to the top of the neck of the bottle, but may be entirely contained within the neck and sufficiently below the mouth to leave room above them for the insertion of an ordinary cock. Also to facilitate the construction of the bottle it will be understood that the recesses in the neck may be formed as a single continuous circular channel for receiving the lockingblocks, and that these blocks may be of any suitable form, such as one or two cylindrical blocks or a circular spring cut or openedl.v

Having now described the nature of my invention, I declare that what I claim isl. The combination with a bottle and with a ICO IIO

stop-cap and safety-stopper, of a plane valve having a conical body with an annular projection below, and external protuberances arranged in two circles in such manner that when the valve slides they will not engage in the holes of the stop-cap, and of almost identical Weight with the liquid so that when the bottle, being empty, is held in an inverted position and an attempt is made to introduce a liquid, the valve will rise and close the aperture forming the mouth of the bottle, and when instead, the bottle is held horizontally the valve, guided constantly by the inner conical surface of the stop-cap, slides backward and falls with its projecting ledge onto its seat, thus covering the aforesaid aperture.

2. The combination of a bottle having a plane surface, with a valve having a projecting ledge seating on said surface, a safetystopper, a stop-cap with an inner conical surface of the same angle as the conical body of the valve, with lateral apertures for the escape of the liquid arranged in such a manner however that during the movements of the valve its different protuberances do not engage with these apertures and with a cylindrical enlargement at the top to prevent any iron wire or other instrument introduced through the hole in the stopper from reaching so far as to touch the valve and prevent its movement, the stop-cap serving as a constant guide for the valve which either remains withdrawn within the bottom of the cap when the bottle is completely or nearly inverted, or slides on the lower portion of the inner surface of the cap, when the bottle is made to assume, with its axis, a horizontal position, and which falls with its annular projecting ledge against the plane surface of support on the neck of the bottle thus completely concealing the central aperture and leaving no position of the bottle wherein if an attempt be made to introduce liquid the valve does not cover the interior mouth thereof.

3. The bottle having the prolongation of the neck in combination with a stopper, which surrounds with its central aperture the cylindrical enlargement of the stop-cap, which has two slits or apertures that correspond to the solid part of the stop-cap which stop-cap is fixed in the stopper by means of the two lateral projections on the upper enlargement of the stop-cap engaging in the aforesaid apertures, and which allows free passage for the liquid, but prevents the introduction of an iron wire or other instrument into the interior cavity of the cap in order to encounter therein the valve during the movement of the latter.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEREMIA GIORDANO` Witnesses:

GUY. MARIO CAPNENI, ARNZO. PYZOLI.

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