US5985665A - Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function of lymphocytes in culture - Google Patents

Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function of lymphocytes in culture Download PDF

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US5985665A
US5985665A US08/665,941 US66594196A US5985665A US 5985665 A US5985665 A US 5985665A US 66594196 A US66594196 A US 66594196A US 5985665 A US5985665 A US 5985665A
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lymphocytes
culture medium
cell culture
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J. Fred Crawford
Luke Bucci
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Research Development Foundation
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Research Development Foundation
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Assigned to RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION reassignment RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BUCCI, LUKE, CRAWFORD, J. FRED
Priority to ZA975359A priority patent/ZA975359B/xx
Priority to IL12757697A priority patent/IL127576A/xx
Priority to AU33934/97A priority patent/AU720703B2/en
Priority to PCT/US1997/010328 priority patent/WO1997048821A1/en
Priority to AT97930001T priority patent/ATE230030T1/de
Priority to KR10-1998-0710382A priority patent/KR100461205B1/ko
Priority to NZ333231A priority patent/NZ333231A/xx
Priority to RU99100621/13A priority patent/RU2233323C2/ru
Priority to JP50316798A priority patent/JP3679133B2/ja
Priority to CN97195713A priority patent/CN1109759C/zh
Priority to DE69718017T priority patent/DE69718017T2/de
Priority to CA002258803A priority patent/CA2258803C/en
Priority to EP97930001A priority patent/EP0925370B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
    • C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
    • C12Q1/06—Quantitative determination
    • C12Q1/08—Quantitative determination using multifield media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
    • C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
    • C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
    • C12N5/0634—Cells from the blood or the immune system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
    • G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
    • G01N33/5044—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics involving specific cell types
    • G01N33/5047—Cells of the immune system
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    • C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
    • C12N2500/30—Organic components
    • C12N2500/32—Amino acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
    • C12N2500/30—Organic components
    • C12N2500/34—Sugars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
    • C12N2500/30—Organic components
    • C12N2500/38—Vitamins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
    • C12N2500/30—Organic components
    • C12N2500/40—Nucleotides, nucleosides or bases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
    • C12N2500/90—Serum-free medium, which may still contain naturally-sourced components
    • C12N2500/95—Protein-free medium and culture conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the fields of nutrition and physiological chemistry. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel biochemical analysis of antioxidant function.
  • free radicals An individual's cells are constantly subjected to highly reactive and unstable molecules called free radicals which cause oxidative stress. These hostile molecules are a normal byproduct of life and are produced by metabolism of oxygen, i.e., cellular respiration, immune system cells (killing of foreign materials) and by numerous enzyme reactions essential for metabolism.
  • Environmental sources of free radicals include smoke, ionizing radiation, air pollution, chemicals (carcinogens, many petrochemicals, biocides, dyes, solvents, cytostatic drugs, etc.), toxic heavy metals and oxidized (rancid) fats. Some of the most common free radicals are superoxide, hydroxyl, singlet oxygen, and peroxides. Certain valences of iron and copper can catalyze formation of free radicals, which although short-lived, promote a chain reaction of radical formation, followed by a wake of altered, damaged biological molecules.
  • Free radicals are toxic to living organisms, causing structural damage to all biological molecules. Molecular damage may translate into alteration of genetic codes, disruption of cell membrane integrity, neurological disorders, endocrine imbalances, increased allergies, vascular endothelial destruction, and joint degradation and inflammation.
  • antioxidants Protection from the deleterious effects of free radicals is found in a diverse range of molecules termed antioxidants. Free radicals, and their chain byproducts can be neutralized and converted to less harmful products by antioxidants. Antioxidants may be enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), essential nutrients (such as beta carotene, vitamins C and E, selenium and cysteine) or a wide variety of endogenous (such as glutathione) or dietary compounds (such as the bioflavanoids). Thus, the human body has different quenchers of free radicals.
  • enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase
  • essential nutrients such as beta carotene, vitamins C and E, selenium and cysteine
  • endogenous such as glutathione
  • dietary compounds such as the bioflavanoids
  • the prior art is deficient in the lack of simple cost-effective means of biochemical analyzing antioxidant function in a human.
  • the present invention fulfills this longstanding need and desire in the art.
  • a cell cuture medium useful for a biochemical analysis of antioxidant function in human lymphocytes, said medium comprising, a buffered, serum-free solution containing the following ingredients: a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of glucose and a compound biologically capable of producing glucose in the cells, a biologically usable form of pantothenic acid, choline or a biological usable form of a substance capable of producing choline in the cells, inorganic ions comprising chloride, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and iron in a biologically utilizable form, cumene hydroperoxide, deionized water, and a mitogen in an amount effective to stimulate the lymphocytes being assayed; said buffered, serum-free solution having a pH from about 6.8 to 7.6, said cell culture medium characterized by being effective to determine nutritional deficiencies, inadequacies, and imbalances and to biochemically analyze antioxidant function of the lymphocytes.
  • a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of glucose and a compound
  • a method of biochemically analyzing cellular antioxidant function in an individual comprising the steps of: inoculating the cell culture medium of the present invention with lymphocytes from said individual; incubating the inoculated cell culture medium; and comparing the response of the lymphocytes with an average response of lymphocytes from a control group of individuals.
  • a method of determining abnormal quantitative nutritional requirements for specific required nutrients in an individual comprising the steps of: inoculating the cell culture medium of the present invention with lymphocytes from said individual, said culture medium having limiting concentrations of the nutrient being tested; incubating the inoculated cell culture medium;
  • a method of identifying nutritional factors or biochemical intermediates which overcome detrimental effects of nutrients, biochemical intermediates or their products, and other blood components including drugs in an individual sensitive to such detrimental effects comprising the steps of: inoculating the cell culture medium of the present invention containing at least one of the nutrients, biochemical intermediates or products or other blood components including drugs at a concentration having a detrimental effect on the cell response; incubating the inoculated cell medium; and comparing the response with that in the same medium supplemented with a source of the substance suspected to affect the detrimental effect of the nutrient, biochemical intermediate or its product or other blood component including the drug being tested.
  • FIG. 1 shows the dose response curve of cumene hydroperoxide from a reference range population.
  • the present invention is directed to blood tests which assess intracellular vitamin deficiencies and total antioxidant function providing a novel biochemical analysis of an individual's cells. Such an analysis reflects how well nutrients and antioxidant systems are actually functioning within an individual's peripheral lymphocytes. Where determining intracellular vitamin status was previously impossible, the methodology of the present invention allows deficiencies to be precisely detected before they contribute to clinical problems.
  • vitamin testing was based on clinical observation and measurements of static levels in serum, urine or hair, along with certain enzyme or protein markers. Such tests indicate short-term static levels, and do not assess the many complicated metabolic pathways in which these compounds participate as enzymatic cofactors. Thus, other methodologies frequently report results which are functionally inaccurate and are, therefore, clinically useless.
  • the method of the present invention analyzes how vitamins, minerals, amino acids and antioxidant systems are actually functioning within an individual's white cells. Unlike other methodologies, even those claiming to be functional, the method of the present invention utilizes metabolically active peripheral lymphocytes and measures DNA synthesis (cell growth) to identify functional intracellular deficiencies that limit mitogenic responses. Thus, the method of the present invention provides test results which reflect total metabolic function rather than serum level tests, or tests utilizing isolated biochemical pathways.
  • Lymphocytes offer distinct advantages, because they: (1) are host to the cell-mediated immune system and are easily stimulated to grow (mitogenesis); (2) reflect time-averaged, long-term nutrient status (the life of a lymphocyte is about six months); (3) possess metabolic pathways common to other cells, contain a nucleus which permits rapid DNA synthesis and cell growth and are easily collected by standard venipuncture.
  • the method of the present invention is the only blood test that identifies functional deficiencies intracellularly by measuring the DNA synthesis (cell growth) in each patient's lymphocytes using a chemically-defined culture media, free of serum or protein.
  • the control media contains the minimal amount of each essential nutrient needed to support optimal lymphocyte growth, or mitogenic response.
  • the functional status of 19 different vitamins, minerals and amino acids involved in cell metabolism is directly determined by making lymphocyte growth dependent on the manipulation of individual nutrients in the media and measuring the resulting DNA synthesis.
  • the method of the present invention provides a total antioxidant function test which assesses the overall ability of cells to resist damage caused by free radicals and other forms of oxidative stress.
  • the method of the present invention provides a more accurate and clinically useful analysis of vitamin and mineral status than any prior art laboratory test.
  • the method of the present invention reflects the unique requirements of each patient, which vary widely. Therefore, repletion can be tailored to the specific biochemical requirements of the individual rather than the "average" patient as determined by so-called norms.
  • health conditions such as alcoholism and substance abuse, arthritis, chronic fatigue, diabetes, HIV/AIDS and other immune disorders, macular degeneration, malaise and fatique, multiple sclerosis, neural tube defects, obesity, osteoporosis and pregnancy can be affected, directly or indirectly, by vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and repletion has been shown to contribute to the arrest or prevention of these chronic health conditions.
  • the present invention is directed to a cell cuture medium useful for a biochemical analysis of antioxidant function in human lymphocytes, said medium comprising, a buffered, serum-free solution containing the following ingredients: a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of glucose and a compound biologically capable of producing glucose in the cells, a biologically usable form of pantothenic acid, choline or a biological usable form of a substance capable of producing choline in the cells, inorganic ions comprising chloride, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and iron in a biologically utilizable form, cumene hydroperoxide, deionized water, and a mitogen in an amount effective to stimulate the lymphocytes being assayed; said buffered, serum-free solution having a pH from about 6.8 to 7.6, said cell culture medium characterized by being effective to determine nutritional deficiencies, inadequacies, and imbalances and to biochemically analyze antioxidant function of the lymphocytes.
  • a buffered, serum-free solution
  • the cell cuture medium is supplemented with a nutrient supplement selected from the group consisting of biological utilizable forms of amino acids and vitamins, the nutrient being tested for being omitted from or being present in limiting or inhibitory amounts in the nutrient supplement.
  • a nutrient supplement selected from the group consisting of biological utilizable forms of amino acids and vitamins, the nutrient being tested for being omitted from or being present in limiting or inhibitory amounts in the nutrient supplement.
  • the vitamins are selected from the group consisting of biotin, folinic acid or a biologically usable form of folic acid, nicotinamide or nicotinic acid, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamin B 6 , and vitamin B 12 , and compounds capable of producing them in the cells; and wherein said amino acids or the compounds biologically capable of producing the amino acids comprise L-arginine, L-cysteine, L-glutamine, glycine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, and L-valine, the amino acids being present as a group, each in an amount not exceeding inhibitory concentrations.
  • the cell cuture medium of the present invention contains a concentration of cumene hydroperoxide which permits an accurate biochemical analysis of antioxidant function to be made.
  • concentration of cumene hydroperoxide in the cell cuture medium is from about 50 ⁇ M to about 500 ⁇ M.
  • the cell culture medium of the present invention is supplemented at concentrations eliciting approximately a maximal response with one or more stimulatory nutrients selected from the goup consisting of pyruvate, adenine, and inositol or compounds capable of producing them within the cells.
  • each amino acid of the amino acid supplement being present in about the minimum concentration effective for a maximal response of the cells except the amino acid being tested.
  • the medium is free of either or both serine and glycine, and in which an effective concentration for cell response of either or both vitamin B 6 and a utilizable form of folic acid are included in the culture medium.
  • the cell culture in said medium being effective to determine nutritional deficiencies and abnormal requirements when supplemented with response limiting amounts of pantothenic acid and choline of which the culture medium is free.
  • the present invention is also directed to a method of determining abnormal quantitative nutritional requirements for specific required nutrients in an individual comprising the steps of: inoculating the cell culture medium of claim 1 with lymphocytes from said individual, said culture medium having limiting concentrations of the nutrient being tested; incubating the inoculated cell culture medium; and comparing the response of the lymphocytes with an average response of lymphocytes from a control group of individuals.
  • the present invention is further directed to a method of identifying nutritional factors or biochemical intermediates which overcome detrimental effects of nutrients, biochemical intermediates or their products, and other blood components including drugs in an individual sensitive to such detrimental effects comprising the steps of: inoculating the cell culture medium of claim 1 containing at least one of the nutrients, biochemical intermediates or products or other blood components including drugs at a concentration having a detrimental effect on the cell response; incubating the inoculated cell medium; and comparing the response with that in the same medium supplemented with a source of the substance suspected to affect the detrimental effect of the nutrient, biochemical intermediate or its product or other blood component including the drug being tested.
  • the present invention provides a method of biochemically analyzing cellular antioxidant function in an individual comprising the steps of: inoculating the cell culture medium of claim 1 with lymphocytes from said individual; incubating the inoculated cell culture medium; and comparing the response of the lymphocytes with an average response of lymphocytes from a control group of individuals.
  • Each patient sample consists of (2) two Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (yellow top) vaccutainer type tubes, each containing 8 ml of whole blood. After being assigned an accession (sample) number, the whole blood was mixed by inverting 6 times. The two tubes of whole blood were combined into a 50 ml disposable centrifuge tube.
  • a 500 ⁇ l aliquot was aseptically removed from each sample and placed in a 12 ⁇ 17 mm tube. This aliquot was used to perform a whole blood cell count on the Coulter Cell Counter, Model T540. The whole blood cell count printout from the Coulter was labeled with the accession number and attached to the Worksheet for that patient.
  • Two (2) Ficoll gradient tubes were prepared for each sample by the addition of 5.0 ml of Histopaque 1077 (Ficoll/Sodium Diatrizoate, Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis, Mo.) to each 15 ml conical centrifuge tube. Using a 10 ml pipette and an electric pipette aide, 8 ml of whole blood is slowly layered onto each of the Ficoll gradient tubes. The Ficoll gradient tubes were capped and centrifuged at 2160 RPM for 20 minutes.
  • the buffy coat (containing the lymphocytes) found at the interface of the middle Ficoll layer was transferred using a 5 ml pipette into a 15 ml disposable conical centrifuge tube.
  • the buffy coat was combined with phosphate buffered saline-0.72% glucose solution (PBS-G) to a final volume of 12 ml.
  • the tube was capped and inverted 6 times to mix the buffy coat and the PBS-G.
  • the tubes containing buffy coat and PBS-G were centrifuged at 2160 RPM for 5 minutes. After centrifugation the supernatant was aspirated from the cell pellet and discarded. The cell pellet was resuspended into 12 ml of PBS-G, inverted 6 times to insure adequate dispersal of the cell pellet. The sample was then centrifuged again as described above.
  • the cell pellet was resuspended in 6.0 ml of PBS-G.
  • the cell pellet was disrupted and mixed with the PBS-G using a 5 ml pipette attached to an electric pipet aide. After a homogeneous cell suspension has been attained, a 200 ⁇ l aliquot of the suspension was transferred into a 12 ⁇ 75 mm tube. This aliquot was used to perform the initial cell suspension (ICS) count with the Coulter Cell Counter Model T540.
  • ICS initial cell suspension
  • lymphocyte number was between 3.9 and 1.2 thousand cells per cubic millimeter (THSD/mm 3 ) the sample is ready for plate inoculation. The volume of cell suspension to be added is found in the TABLE III. If the lymphocyte number was greater than 3.9 THSD/mm 3 the sample must be rediluted. If however, the lymphocyte number was less than 1.2 THSD/mm 3 the sample was rejected.
  • a 200 ⁇ l aliquot of the rediluted cell suspension was transferred into a new 12 ⁇ 75 mm tube and a cell count performed as described.
  • the rediluted cell suspension printout (Final Cell Suspension LY#) was attached to work sheet and the inoculation volume recorded.
  • the final cell suspension was placed into a sterile trough. Place a microtiter plate containing media inside the laminar flow hood. Using a 12-channel manual micropipettor equipped with sterile 0-50 ⁇ l barrier tips, the specified amount (according to TABLE I) of final cell suspension was dispensed to each well in Row "H" of the plate.
  • the cover was placed on the plate which was placed into a CO 2 incubator and maintained at 37° C. for 96 hours.
  • the tritiated thymidine (H 3 -TdR) working solution was removed from the refrigerator and warmed to 37° C. in a water bath. After 96 hours, the microtiter plates was removed from the incubator. The H 3 -TdR working solution was placed in a sterile trough and a 12-channel manual micropipettor equipped with 0-50 ⁇ l sterile barrier tips were used to dispense 10 ⁇ l of the H 3 -TdR working solution into each well in row "H" of the microtiter plate. The plate was returned to the 37° C. incubator for 24 hours. The date and initials of the technician performing the labeling was recorded on the sample log sheet.
  • the glass fiber filter mat was placed onto the harvester with the rough side touching the O-Rings.
  • the cell harvester was closed and the filter mat was wet with distilled water from the rinse tray.
  • the harvester was left on vacuum cycle (VAC).
  • VAC vacuum cycle
  • the lid was removed from microtiter plate and the plate was placed under harvester probe tips.
  • the plate was slowly raised onto harvester probes, until the tips of the probe touch the bottom of the plate.
  • the bottom of the wells was scrubbed with the probe tips by moving the microtiter plates slowly in a circular motion. Scrubbing was continued for 10 seconds.
  • the harvester was opened, with the filter mat adhering to the upper section and continued to operate on VAC for 5 seconds. After 5 seconds, the VAC was simultaneously turned off and filter mat was removed from the harvester surface. The filter mat was placed rough side up in drying oven for 10 minutes. The filter mats were removed from the oven and cooled to room temperature.
  • the method of the present invention measures total antioxidant function. Using lymphocytes stimulated to grow by a mitogen, antioxidant function was expressed by measuring growth response of lymphocytes with and without several doses of CuOOH.
  • the CuOOH was the oxidative stress used to test the antioxidant function of lymphocytes from each individual.
  • the initial reference range was established. However, since CuOOH by its nature is unstable, it has a relatively short shelf life, and its activity decays with time. Therefore, a different potency when first manufactured must be used periodically. Each batch was acquired at different times in its shelf life and it was required to fit each daily run to the original reference range values.
  • the doses of CuOOH used (100 ⁇ M, 200 ⁇ M, 300 ⁇ M, 400 ⁇ M) were established with the original lot number of CuOOH in 1993/1994.
  • This normalization of values was performed on each daily batch of samples.
  • a four-point dose-response curve for CuOOH was performed for each test, therefore one can fit the data for each daily batch to the original reference range, and use the new values to report the test.
  • the normalization was accomplished by finding the average, median, range and variance of each CuOOH dose for each day. The value(s) closest to the original reference range (which is at 50% control growth), were compared statistically by t-test. The CuOOH dose most closely matching the reference range was then used for the Test result. Also, values halfway between CuOOH doses (such as 200+300/2) may be used. Normalization was accomplished by using Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet program.
  • (2 ⁇ ) stock media contains: (1) 23.80 g HEPES; (2) 14.02 g Sodium Chloride; (3) 1.05 g Dibasic Potassium Phosphate; (4) 0.241 g Magnesium Sulfate; (5) 1.0 ml (10 ⁇ M) Adenine Hydrochloride; (6) 30.0 ml (100 mM) Sodium Pyruvate; (7) 0.5 ml 0.5% Phenol Red; (8) 5.0 ml Antibiotic Mixture; (9) 8.0 ml 5N Sodium Hydroxide; (10) 20.0 ml Fe/EDTA (1.0 mM FeSO 4 /0.4 mM Na 2 EDTA).
  • pH was adjusted to 7.60 using 5N Sodium Hydroxide.
  • a final volume of 1.0 L was achieved with tcd H 2 O.
  • the solution was sterilized by filtration through a 0.2 ⁇ M filter and stored in a refrigerator at 4° C. Under these circumstances, the stability was about 4 weeks.
  • the Basal Media used for 100% plate control and the novel method of the present invention was as follows. One should use a sterile technique after filtration.
  • the Basal Media was prepared under laminar flow hoods. All ingredients mixed and brought to the final desired volume with tcd H 2 O. The solution was sterilized by vacuum filtration into sterile bottles. The proper volume of PHA Stock Solution was added.
  • Cumene hydroperoxide (Sigma C 0524) has a limited shelf life. Expiration date of the material is three (3) months from date of receipt from Sigma.
  • Expiration date of the material is three (3) months from date of receipt from Sigma.
  • CuOOH cumene hydroperoxide
  • the second CuOOH stock solution (100 mM in PBS-G) must be prepared daily before cell isolation. It should not be stored overnight.
  • 200 ⁇ l of the first stock solution were mixed with 1800 ⁇ l of PBS-G.
  • the thymidine (ThY) stock solution (cold): (1.33 mM ThY, 0.322 g/L) was prepared as follows: 0.161 g ThY (Sigma T 9250) were weighed and dissolved in tcd H 2 O to final volume of 500 ml. The solution was sterilized by vacuum filtration into a sterile bottle, using aseptic technique. The solution was aliquoted into 50 ml centrifuge tubes. For short-term storage, the solution can be refrigerated (4° C.) with stability for one month. For long-term storage, the solution can be refrigerated (-70° C.) with stability for 6 months. The thymidine working solution should be used to dilute radioactive thymidine (H 3 TdR) for labeling of cells.
  • H 3 TdR radioactive thymidine

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US08/665,941 1996-06-19 1996-06-19 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function of lymphocytes in culture Expired - Lifetime US5985665A (en)

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US08/665,941 US5985665A (en) 1996-06-19 1996-06-19 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function of lymphocytes in culture
ZA975359A ZA975359B (en) 1996-06-19 1997-01-01 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function
RU99100621/13A RU2233323C2 (ru) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Бессывороточная среда для культивирования лимфоцитов (варианты), способ определения аномальных количественных потребностей в питательных веществах, способ идентификации питательных факторов и способ биохимического определения антиоксидантной функции лимфоцитов
JP50316798A JP3679133B2 (ja) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 酸化防止剤機能の生化学的分析
PCT/US1997/010328 WO1997048821A1 (en) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function
AT97930001T ATE230030T1 (de) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemische analyse der antioxidativen funktion
KR10-1998-0710382A KR100461205B1 (ko) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 산화방지제기능의생화학적분석법
NZ333231A NZ333231A (en) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function using cumene hyperoxide (CuOOH)
IL12757697A IL127576A (en) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function of lymphocytes in culture
AU33934/97A AU720703B2 (en) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function
CN97195713A CN1109759C (zh) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 抗氧化功能的生物化学分析方法
DE69718017T DE69718017T2 (de) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemische analyse der antioxidativen funktion
CA002258803A CA2258803C (en) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function
EP97930001A EP0925370B1 (en) 1996-06-19 1997-06-18 Biochemical analysis of antioxidant function

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WO2001042273A2 (en) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-14 Genaera Corporation Asthma associated factors as targets for treating atopic allergies including asthma and related disorders
US20030012701A1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-16 Sangha Jangbir S. Insulated specimen sampling and shipping kit
US20030154107A1 (en) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-14 Mark Medvedeff Preventcare
US6689617B1 (en) 2002-07-30 2004-02-10 Medi-Tech Holdings, Inc. Agent for detecting malondialdehyde, method of making the same, and test kit for use thereof
US6709835B2 (en) * 1996-09-03 2004-03-23 J. Fred Crawford Methods of determining deficiencies in intracellular levels of cysteine and glutathione
US20050272085A1 (en) * 2000-09-06 2005-12-08 Hodge Timothy A Methods for forensic and congenic screening
WO2006127761A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-11-30 Pediatrix Medical Group, Inc. Nutrition formulations and methods of providing nutrition formulations

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US6949382B2 (en) * 1996-09-03 2005-09-27 Research Development Foundation Cell culture media containing N-acetyl-L-cysteine and uses thereof
US7279301B2 (en) * 1996-09-03 2007-10-09 Research Development Foundation Methods of determining deficiencies in intracellular levels on cysteine and glutathione
US20060078876A1 (en) * 1996-09-03 2006-04-13 Crawford J F Methods of determining deficiencies in intracellular levels of cysteine and glutathione
US6709835B2 (en) * 1996-09-03 2004-03-23 J. Fred Crawford Methods of determining deficiencies in intracellular levels of cysteine and glutathione
US20040087023A1 (en) * 1996-09-03 2004-05-06 Research Development Foundation Methods of determining deficiencies in intracellular levels of cysteine and glutathione
US6165797A (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-12-26 Bio-Defense Nutritionals, Inc. Methods for testing oxidative stress
WO2001042273A2 (en) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-14 Genaera Corporation Asthma associated factors as targets for treating atopic allergies including asthma and related disorders
WO2001042273A3 (en) * 1999-12-09 2002-05-30 Genaera Corp Asthma associated factors as targets for treating atopic allergies including asthma and related disorders
US20050272085A1 (en) * 2000-09-06 2005-12-08 Hodge Timothy A Methods for forensic and congenic screening
US20030012701A1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-16 Sangha Jangbir S. Insulated specimen sampling and shipping kit
US20030154107A1 (en) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-14 Mark Medvedeff Preventcare
US6689617B1 (en) 2002-07-30 2004-02-10 Medi-Tech Holdings, Inc. Agent for detecting malondialdehyde, method of making the same, and test kit for use thereof
WO2006127761A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-11-30 Pediatrix Medical Group, Inc. Nutrition formulations and methods of providing nutrition formulations
US20060275909A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-12-07 Spitzer Alan R Nutrition formulations and methods of providing nutrition formulations

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KR100461205B1 (ko) 2005-06-13
AU3393497A (en) 1998-01-07
AU720703B2 (en) 2000-06-08
WO1997048821A1 (en) 1997-12-24
KR20000016773A (ko) 2000-03-25
IL127576A0 (en) 1999-10-28
ZA975359B (en) 1998-12-18
RU2233323C2 (ru) 2004-07-27
DE69718017D1 (de) 2003-01-30
JP2000514287A (ja) 2000-10-31
NZ333231A (en) 2000-01-28
CA2258803C (en) 2009-01-13
CN1109759C (zh) 2003-05-28
EP0925370A4 (en) 2001-08-01
JP3679133B2 (ja) 2005-08-03
EP0925370A1 (en) 1999-06-30
CN1222940A (zh) 1999-07-14
IL127576A (en) 2000-12-06
CA2258803A1 (en) 1997-12-24
ATE230030T1 (de) 2003-01-15
EP0925370B1 (en) 2002-12-18
DE69718017T2 (de) 2003-04-30

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