US590387A

US590387A - Lathe

Info

Publication number: US590387A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 1914-09-21

Description

6 sheets-sheet 1.

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E. CHILDS.

LATHE.

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Patented Sept. 21,1897.

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No. 590,387. Patented sept. 21', 1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

EUGENE CHILDS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE AUTOMATIC RAPID LATI-IE COMPANY, OF SACO, MAINE.

LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,387, dated September 21, l1897.

' Application filed February l5, 1897. Serial No. 623,424. (No model.)

To (LIZ whom it ntf/,y concern:

Beit known that I, EUGENE CHILDS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to variable-speed lathes, and has for its object to provide a turret-lathe in which the speed of rotation of the work shall be automatically controlled by the position of the turret or its carriage.

The invention consists in the application of turret devices to lathes having mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, such as the lathe described in Letters -Patent No. 550,489, granted to me November 26, 1895.

Of the annexed drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure l is a side elevation of my improved lathe. Fig. 2 is a front ele# vation of the same, partly in section, showing part of the speed-changin g mechanism. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, on the line 3 3 of Fig. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the slides forming part of the speed-changing mechanism. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is asection on line 6 6 of Fig. l, showing the turret in elevation. Fig. 7 is a top view of the turret and its carriage. Fig. S is a section on line S 8 of Fig. G. Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view showing a portion of the mechanism beneath the.

turret. Fig. lO is a section on line 10 l0 of Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is a vertical sectional view of one of the sliding blocks in the turret. Fig. 12 is an end view of the same. Fig. 13 is a section on line 13 13 of Fig. l2. Fig. 14c is a top view of the turret and of the chuck supporting a piece of work.

The same letters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In my improved lathe power is applied from a convenient source by belts or other means to either or both of two pulleys cL CL, mounted upon independent shafts CL' CL and splined thereto, so that said shafts are capable of longitudinal movement in their bearings and through the said pulleys. CL2 CL2V are frictionwheels lixed to the inner ends of said shafts and revolving therewith Vat a constant speed in opposite directions in frictional contact with the inner faces of two friction-disks b b. The disk b is attached to a shaft b2, to which is fixed a bevel-gear b3, and the disk b is attached to a sleeve b4, to which is fixed a bevelgear b5, the said gears meshing with a bevelgear b, fixed to the lower end of a vertical shaft c, which is geared at its upper end to the head-stock spindle d and drives the said spindle. It will be seen, therefore, that the speed of said work-rotatin g spindle CZ is varied by varying the distance of thefriction-wheels CL2 a2 from the center of the disks b b. The said friction-wheels are carried by hangers e e, attached to slides e' e, resting on a bed which forms part of the framework of the lathe. Each of the said slides is provided with a rack meshing with the teeth of a horizontal pinion e2, supported on a fixed bearing, so that a longitudinal motion imparted to one slide e' will cause the other slide e to move in the opposite direction. The operation of these slides is controlled from the turret f by the mechanism about to be described.

g represents a crank-arm which is preferably mounted on a rock-shaft g,extending for a considerable portion of the length of the lathe-bed and journaled in suitable supports fixed to the inner walls of the said lathe-bed. The said crank has a prolongation g2 below the rock-shaft g', the said prolongation constituting an arm which is connected witha lug e3,formed on one of the slides e', so that an oscillating or rocking motion imparted to the crank g or rock-shaft g' will cause the slides e e and the friction-wheels CL2 CL2 to move in or out in the manner before described.

g3 represents an elongated rod having one end fixed to the upper end of the crank g and extending therefrom at right angles approximately parallel with the shaft g' and-bein g connected with the said shaft at suitable points by cross-braces or connecting-struts gl g4, so as to form a substantially rigid structure with the same. The said rod g3 constitutes an elongated wrist for the crank g and will be hereinafter referred to as such.

' The lathe which I am describing is of the well-known turret construction, whereby a number of successive operations on the same piece of work are performed expeditiously by roo ment.

the use of a multiple tool-holder. I show herewith a parallel-feed carriage t', su pporting a cross-feed carriage h, upon which is revolubly mounted a turret tool-holder f, the said turret having a number of tool-holding apertures f'. Beneath the said apertures, and preferably beneath each one, are a number of sliding blocks j, horizontally mounted in grooved or dovetailed guides formed in the turret and adapted to slide in and out in a direction radial with the center of the said turret j. Each block j is provided with means for sliding it in or out in its guides, the said means consisting of a concave screwthreaded upper surface and a revoluble spindle Za, having an enlarged screw-threaded portion adapted to engage the threaded portion of the block j. The said spindles 7U' are fitted into vcavities formed in the turret above the sliding blocks, and being capable of rotation but not of longitudinal movement cause the said blocks j to slide in or out when the spindles k are turned. rlhe outer ends of the said spindles are preferably squared for engagement with a wrench or similar instru- Each block j is further provided on its under surface with a roller j', the said rollers projecting downwardly underneath the turret finto a circular cavity Zt', formed in the turret-carriage ZL.

Zrepresents a horizontal arm adapted to swing in the cavity h just` underneath the turret f and pivoted to a vertical shaft Z, which is journaled in a sleeve-bearing Z2, bolted to the under side of the turret-carriage ZL. The said arm is curved in the arc of a circle for a portion of its length and has guides along its upper portion consisting of upright sides which flare toward the outer end of the arm, forming a mouth for the reception of the rollers j. At the lower end of the shaft Z, inside the lathe-bed and making substantially a right angle with the arm Z, is iixed an arm Z3, which has an attachment at its outer end by which it engages the wrist g3.

The arm Z, the shaft Z', and the arm Z3 are rigidly connected and are adapted to oscillate together. Each of the rollers j', which project downwardly fromthe under side of the turret f, is adapted to enter and engage the troughshaped arm Z, causing it to assume a position corresponding to the radial position of the said roller, and 'thereby causing the arm Z3 to move the wrist g3 and thus change the speed of the work-supporting spindle CZ. It now becomes apparent that by adjusting the several sliding blocks j according to the speed desired the spindle CZ can be given a different speed for each tool in the turret, the change of speed being accomplished simultaneously with the change of tool by merely rotating the turret on its axis, the roller j engaging and remaining in the arm Z while the tool is at work. It will be observed also that while a particular tool is at work the speed of the spindle CZ may also be varied by sliding the turret-carriage h in or vout by means of the cross-feed screw, the said speed increasing as the diameter of the work decreases or as the tool approaches the center of the work.

The attachment referred to, by means of which the arm Z3 engages the upper bar of the wrist g3, consists of two spool-shaped rollersv Z*l Z4, FigflO, attached to a yoke Z5, which is pivoted underneath the said arm Z3 and at the outer end thereof. The said rollers are preferably parallel-sided to allow of vertical movement of the wrist g3 and are placed one on either side of the said bar. The said rollers are thus adapted to slide along the said bar with the parallel-feed carriage 'L' or to displace 1t sidewise when the arm Z3 is oscillated.

I claiml. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a turret tool-holder, mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, and means operated by the rotation of the said tool-holder for controlling the said mechanism.

2. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a turret tool-holder adapted to be rotated and having independently-adjustable operating devices, such as the rolls j', mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, and intermediate mechanism controlled by said operating devices to operate the said speed-varying mechanism.

3. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, mechanism for varying the speed of said spindle, a tool-holding turret, a'sliding carriage supporting said turret, a sleeve-bearing fixed to said carriage, a vertical shaft adapted to turn in said bearing, an arm carried on the upper end of said shaft and having upright guides adapted to be engaged by mechanism connected with the turret, an arm carried on the lower end of said shaft and provided with vertical rollers connected by a yoke, and intermediate mechanism whereby movement of the said arm operates the speed-changing mechanism.

4. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a revolubly-mounted turret tool-holder, sliding blocks mounted in guides in said toolholder, adjusting devices for said blocks consistin g of spindles revolubly mounted in cavities in the said tool-holder and having an enlarged screw-threaded portion adapted to engage a screw-threaded portion of the said blocks, rollers mounted on the lower portion of said blocks, mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, and intermediate mechanism operated by the said rollers for controlling the said speed-varying mechanism.

5. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a cross-feed carriage, a turret tool-holder mounted on said carriage, mechanism for varying the speed of said spindle, and means for controlling the said mechanism, the said means comprising a crank-arm having an elongated wrist extending lengthwise of the lathe-bed, a horizontal arm engaging the said wrist, a vertical sleeve-bearing for said arm, attached to the under side of the cross-feed carriage, and means operated by the tool- IOS rio

holding turret for oscillating the said arm and the said rock-shaft, and thereby operating the said speed-varying mechanism.

G. A lathe having a spindle, a crossfeed carriage a turret tool-holder mounted on said carriage, a mechanism for varying the speed of the said spindle, comprising reciprocating slides, hangers attached thereto, longitudinally-movable drivin g-shafts, friction-wheels attached thereto and carried by said hangers, the said Wheels being adapted to rotate ,in contact with friction-disks, and a vertical shaft geared with the said disks, and with` the work-rotating spindle; and means for controlling the said mechanism, comprising a crank-arm having a prolongation, the said prolongation being attached to 011e ofthe reciprocating slides, an elongated wrist for operating the said crank-arm, a horizontal arm adapted to oscillate the said wrist, the said arm being mounted on a vertical shaft which is journaled in a sleeve-bearing fixed to the under side of the cross-feed carriage, an arm {ixed to the upper end of vthe said vertical shaft, and a series of rollers adapted to engage the said arm, the said rollers being fixed to radially-adjustable sliding blocks mounted in the tool-holding turret.

7. A lathe having a spindle, a cross-feed carriage, a turret tool-holder mounted on said carriage, a mechanism for varying the speed of said spindle, and means for controlling thc said mechanism comprising the following parts: a crank-arm fixed to a rock-shaft extending longitudinally of the lathe-bed and journaled in bearings affixed thereto, the said crank having a prolongation extending below its axis and operatively connected with the speed-varying mechanism, an elongated wrist fixed to the said crank, a horizontal arm afxed to the lower end of a vertical shaft journaled in a sleeve-bearing which is attached to the under side of the cross-feed carriage, the said arm engaging the said wrist and being adapted to oscillate the said wrist and crank both by its own oscillation and by the movement of the cross-feed carriage, rollers attached to the said arm for the purpose of engaging the said rock-shaft, an arm fixed to the upper end of the said vertical shaft and adapted to oscillate in a horizontal plane beneath the turret, sliding blocks mountedv in grooves in said turret and adapted to slide therein radially with the axis of said turret, rollers carried by said blocks, and adapted to enter and engage the said arm, and means for adjusting the said sliding blocks.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 14th day of 6o January, A. D. 1897.

EUGENE CHILDS.