US110609A - Improvement in machines for cutting and shaping metals - Google Patents

Description

5 'shew-Sheet. 1. c. VVAN HAAGEN.

Cutting and Shaping Metals.

Patented Dec. 27, 1870.

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C VAN HAAGEN. Cutting and Shaping Metals.

Patented Dec. 27, 1870.

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Cutting and-Shaping Metals. Y No. 110,009. Patemed 09C.- 27, 1070.

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5 Sheets-Sheet. 4. C. VAN HAAGEN.

Cutting and Shaping Metals. No.110,609. Patnted Dec. 27, 1870.

A 5 Sheets-Sheet. 5. C. VAN HAAGEN.

Cu'tt'ng and Shaping Metnamls).

Patented Dec. 27, 1870.

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vmaterne AND "ANTHONY VAN tiendan, or sAMnPLAoE.`

Letters Patent No. 110,609, dated December 27, 1870.

|winnen/'EWIENT In MAcHiNEs FoR curTlNG AND sHAPiNe METALS.

The Schedule referred to in these Lettere Patent and making part of the same.

I, Genus "VAN HAAGEN, of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improved Machine for Cutting and Shaping Metals, of which the foliow'iug is a speciiication.

Nature und Object of the Innen-tion. v

My invention consists of mechanism too. fully described hereafter to need preliminary explanation, for planing, boring, turning, or grooving metals, the main object of my invention being to provide'lnachine-shops, and especially 'reiiairing-shops, with a tool fora variety of purposes, which have here tofore required separate machines Description of the Accompanying Dra-wing. y

Figure 1, sheet 1, is a transverse vertical section of my improved machine for lcutting and shaping metals.

Figures 2 and 3, enlarged views of a part of fig. I.

Figure 4, sheet 2, a plan view of the machine.

Figure 5, an enlarged sectional plan viewof part of the machine.

Figure 6, a detached View of part of one end of the machine. v

Figure 7, sheet 3, a transverse vertical section on the line 1 2, iig. 4;; v

Figure 48, a transverse section on the line 3 4,' fig. 4.

Figures 9, 10,11,12, 13, and 14, detached views of parts of the machine.l

Figure 15, sheet 4, is 4a plan view of the hanger, squared line-shaft, and traveling carriage, from which power is transmitted to the machine.

Figure 16, a side View of iig. 15.

vFigure 17 is a transverse'section of the same on the line 5 6; and v.

Figures 18 and 19are detached views.

General Description.v

An'epre he cast-iron bed of thel machine; B, a movasI table attached to -the front of the same 5 and H 'and H1, a head-stock and slide at the rear;

The table B, which is intended to carry the object o1' objects to be operated upon, is arranged to move n vertically, and the head-stock His furnished with a,

revolying spindle, and is arranged to be .moved-both longitudinally and transversely. :All or any of these movements can be imparted to the table and head'- stock by hand, or automatically, as I will now proceed to describe.-

Thetable B has the usual longitudinal slots a, for

convenience in securing the' work vto the same by T- headed bolts, iu vtheusual manner, and the vertical portion al of the table is adapted to and arranged to slide vertically in U-shaped guides onthe bed of the machine.

This vertical movement is imparted tothe table by a screw-spindle, D, iig. 1, which has threads adaptedl to theinternal threads of a nut, a2, secured to the table.A

At the upper end of the screw-spindle D there is a bevel-wheel, b, which gears into a bevel-wheel, b1, on a horizontal shaft, D, arranged to tnrnin the bed of the machine, and having, at its outer extremity, a crank, b2, shown by dotted lines in fig. 4, by which the said shaft can be turned.

The shaft D1 has also, within a casing, E, at one end of the machine, a cog-wheel,' b3, gs. 4 and'?, which gears into a pinion, c, hung to an arm or lever, E', fig. 7, by the operation of which the said pinion can be thrown in or out of gear. f

This lever has, at its outer end, a spring latch, al, adaptedto a notched segmental plate, d', on the casing E, by which the said lever can be locked and prevented from moving when adjusted, (see figs. 7 and l8.) 'A f The Apinion c turns loosely upon-a short spindle, d2, on which is also hung loosely a cog-wheel, c, of considerabl y larger diameter than the pinion c. The latter and the cog-wheel may turn independently of each other, or may be forced tightly together by means of a nut on the spindle, so as to canse them to turn simultaneously.

Y The pinion c' gears into a cog-wheel, e, whichA can slide, to a limited extent, upon, but is prevented from turning independently of, a shaft, F, which has a screwthread throughout the greater portion of its length,

and forms part of the longitudinal feed-motion of the lslide H1.

There is also,` upon the screw-shaft F, adjacent to the cog-wheel e, a pinion, f1, and cog-wheel F, which are secured together, but hung .loosely upon the shaft, so that they mayturn independently of the' cog-wheel c. The latter can, however, by means ofl a nut, c1, beforced tightly against the pinion, soas to be driven by the latter,'in order to turn the screw shaft.

fel-red to, and the cog-wheel j, by which the pinion is driven, receivesits motion (through the medium of one of two small pinions, g gl, hung to a movable disk, le). from a fixed cog-wheel, t, on the driving-pulley G of the machine, the said pulley Gr being driven by a cone-pulley, It, on ashaft above, as hereinafter explained.

The pinion f1 gears into the cog-Wheel c1, before re By means ofthe above-described mechanism the` table B may be lowered by a motion ofthe drivingshaft in the directionv of the arrow, figs. 7 and 8, and, in orderto raise the said table by the same motion of the driving-shaft, the direction of themotion of the trainfvheels must be reversed by so adjusting the disk h as ro/throw the pinion g1 into gear with the cog-wheel f, and thus interpose two pinions between the latter and the cog-wheel i on the driving-shaft, instead of one onlyas before described.

The head-stock Hds adapted to the slide H1, which is arranged to slide upon guides j on the bed of the machine, and the head-stock carries a spindle, I, with a cone-pulley, Il, and is arranged to slide transversely from or toward the table B upon guides j on Vthe slide H1. Y

The `slide H1, with its head-stock, maybe caused to traverse the guides j, by manipulating a crank, lo, iig. 4, on a spindle, k1, which has at its opposite extremity a cog-wheel, k2, gearing into a rack, k, on the bed of thel machine, or tbe said slide and head-stock may be caused to slide automatically and in either direction upon the guides j, by means of a screwfshaft, F,

lwhich gears into a half nut, F1, on the slide H1, as

shown in figs.V 1 and 5, the said nut being so controlled by a screw-spindle, l, having threadsbf a coarse pitch, that it can be readily drawn back from4 the screw F, when it is desired to operate the slide by hand.

This screw-spindle l isprovided with an operatinghandle, l1, the weight at the'endl of which tends to` maintain the half nut in the position to which it may be adjusted. l

The head-stock can alwaysbe operated either auto# matically or by haud,through the medium of a screw'- spindle, J, and nut J', fig. 1.

The spindle J turns in the slide H1, and has at its inner end a worm-wheel, m, gearing into a worm, m, which is arranged to slide upon, but not to turn independently of, a shaft, G1, which forms a continuation of and one end of which passes through the tubular driving-pulley, G, (see fig 9.)

The wormavheel m is hung loosely'to the screwspindle J, 4but is adapted to a elutch,jm2, figs. 2 and 3, on the squared end of the spindle, and is controlled by a casing, n, which entirely inclose's the worm-wheel. I

lrojcting from and forming part of this casing is a nut, at,to which is adapted a coarse. screw-thread, n2, on a rod, 41.,in` such a manner as to push the said casing outward, and thus disengage the clutch from the worm-wheel, when the screw-spindle J is to be turned by hand, orto draw it inward and .again cause the clutch` to engage with the worm-wheel, when the screw-spindle is to be operated -by power, this rod as terminating in a knob at the rear of theheadstock.

The reversing mechanism' or means of operating the disk h automatically or by hand,"so as' 'to throw either of the pinions y or g into gear with the coge wheel f or both out of gear, forms an important feaure of my invention, and may be described as folows: 4

The shaft Gr1 has alongitudinal slotor groove, o, which permits the worm 'm1 to slide upon, but not to turn independently of the said shaft, as before mentioned, and at one end of the bed of the machine there is au ad justable latch, al, fig. 6, the point of which can be extended into the 'said groove o, in order to prevent the shaft from turning without interfering with any longitudinal movement that may be imparted to the same bythe slide Hl, which, as it reciprocates upon the guides j is :arranged to strike successively adjustable stops p and p1, secured to the said shaft by set-screws or otherwise.

This longitudinal movement of the shaft Grl through the tubular driving-shaft is only permitted when a nut, p2, at the end4 of the-said shaft, (which nut has a sleeve extending into a recess in the driving-pul- 1ey,) is drawn back or loosened, as shown in iig. 9, andthe said nut must be tightened to clamp the driving-pulley between the nut and thc shoulder/1Lu on the shaft Gf, when it is desired to rotate the shaft G". with the driving-pulley.

The disk h vibrates upon a sleeve, K, which is` fitted loosely upon the shaft G1, and is contained within a casing, L, which is. secured tothe bed of the machine.

The said sleeve is prevented from sliding with the shaft Gl .in either direction by a nut, q, which is in contact with the end of the casing, and by a disk, x1, contained within the said easing 'adjacent to, the disk li. v 1

The sleeve K has aspiral slot, g, `to which is adapted a pin on the shaft Gl, so that as the latter is moved longitudinally, a limited rotary motion in one direction or the other must necessarily be imparted. to the sleeve and its disk It.

' In order to impart this movement of thedislrlt1 to the disk h, to which the pinions g and g are attached,

an arm or sbiften L1, hung to a short hub on the inner side of the disk hbetwcen the latter and Ythe disk K1, is employed.

This shifter has upon one side a pin, 1', adapted to a notch, s, on the edge of the disk k1, and at its opposite side a corresponding pin, r1, adapted to a slot,

sl, in thedisk h, (see figs. 13 and 14.)

By means of this arrangementthe shifter' is operaired by the slightest movement of the disk k; but' in consequence of the last motion in the slot sl the disk h is notturned so as t0 throw the pinions g and 4y1 inand out .of gear with the cog-wheel fv until the 'shaft q1 has nearly completed its longitudinal movement in one direction or the other.

This enables the shifter, which is weighted at' its outer end, to facilitate the operation of reversingby its own momentum.

In order to prevent the disk h from turning after adjustment, weighted catches t t, huug'to the casing L, arcadapted to notches t, cut in the edge of the said disk.

These catches are thrown out of the notches in the disk, 'when the latter is to be turned, by a camlike enlargement, t2, at the -inner end of the shifter, in a manner which will he readily understood byrefel-ring to iig. 10.

As it may not in all cases be desirable to reverse i automatically, the pins r and r1 of the shifter are attached to a sliding bar, fr?, on the latter, so that the pin 1' may be raised out of the notch of the disk lt, and the pin r1 out of the slot si, into a notch, s2,0f the disk h, (see figs. 13 and'lt.)

After such adjustment the shifter may be turnedI by hand between the shoulders u and u1 of the casing L, in order to reverse at the timesrequired.

In thus operating by hand, however, the catches t t must be drawn ont of the notches of the disk h, and be prevented from again entering the same .by means of arms t3, with which each of the said catches are provided, (see iig. 11.)

Under other circumstances it may be necessary to maintain one or other of the pinions g or g1 constantly in gear, or to throw both of them out of gear. This may be accomplished by adjusting the pin 'r of the shifter` into one of the notches o, c1, or c of the casing L, while the opposite pin 'r1 remains in the notch s of the disk h, (see figs. 13 and 14.)

The power b y which the machine is driven, both for the driving-pulley Gand spindle of the head-stock, is derived from a single line-shaft, M, which has its bearingsin a hanger, P, secured to the rafters or suitable frame-work above the machine, (see sheets Lfand 5.)

As the driving-pulley G of the machine has no traveling motion, it is`driven directly by a belt eX- teuding downward from a conepulley, R, on the shaft M. i

In order, however, to accommodate the cone-pulley I1 of the head-stock iu its various movements, I have devised a' movable carriage, S, adapted to the hanger, and carrying a cone-pulley, I2, which will always follow and be ,-directly above the pulley of the head-stock.

This carriage has grooved -wheels Iw, which `run upon ways wl of the hanger, and the cone-pulley is arranged to travel transversely across the carriage, upon the squared couuter-shaftl, to which it is hung, the pulley being provided with small anti-friction wheels z, to render its movement upon theshaft as free as possible.

From one side of the carrageprojects au arm, S1, which embraces a sleeve, T, ou |the squared portion of the shaft M, this sleeve being provided with antifriction wheels fr' in the same manner as the' conepnlley, in order that it may Vslide easily upon the shaft, the motion of which is communicated through -the carriage S to the counter-shaft I, by means of bevel-wheels, or, as I prefer, by means of the friction-gear illustrated in ig. 1 8, sheet 5, of the drawing.

This consists ot' a conical wheel, U, secured to the sleeve, and having a number of annular projections and recesses adapted to corresponding recesses and projections i/ in a conical wheel, U1, secured to the counter-shalt I3.

The projections and recesses :v and y of these frica tion-wheels are double-wedge shaped, so vas-to be in close frictional contact upon both sides, and thus insure a perfect running of each wheel without-dragging or slipping.

rIhe friction can be increased or diminished at pleasure by means of anut, Z, at one end of thc counter-shaft I, which so acts upon a spiral spring, Z1, as to move the said shaft longitudinally, and thus force the wedge-shaped projections of the wheel Ul into the recesses ofthe wheel U, or slightly withdraw them from the saine, as may be desired.

By means of the above-described mechanism the greatest variety of work canbe performed, such as horizontal boring-or drilling, turning, planing, keyscat cutting, gear-cutting, and slot-ting. rlhe latter operation, especially, can .be 'so conducted as to cnt either a vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or angular slot.

In order to illustrate the operation of the machine, let it be supposed that'a block of metal suitably secured upon the table B is to'be planed, such opera- ,t-ion to be performed by va revolving tool similar-to that for which Letters Patent wcregranted to me on the 11th day of October, A. D. 1870, and shown by dotted lines in iig. 1.

rlhe tool is iirst screwed into the spindle, of the head-stock, and the latter and the table B are properly adjusted before commencing the work.

Ihe arm 1*" is also lowered so that the table B may not be automatically raised or lowered. As this will not be necessary in the present instance, the nut e1 is tightened, the nut p? at thecud of the shaft G1 is loosened, and the latter is secured by the catch o1, so as to prevent itfrom turning, after which the stops-.17'

, and p1 are properly adjusted and the machine is set in motion. v

lhc head-stock carrying theplaning tool No;4'will first be carried in one direction until it strikes Vone of the stops of the shaft G1, which, as before explained, Will 'have the effect of reversing the motion, and the The table is -then raised or lowered, as required, iik\ automatically or by hand, toward the object scoured upon the table.

When the head-stock is to be moved automatically,

however, the nut p2 must be tightened, in order that the shaft G1 may be rotated bythe tubular drivingshaft.

In slotting, a revolving tool is used, and the table B, or the hc'ad-stock,'or both, will have to be moved, either automatically or by hand, as the slot is ve'rtical, horizontal, diagonal, or angular. i

For cutting the teeth of cog-wheels a revolving tool is used also, and the wheel is secured in a horizontal position upon the table, to which va vertical reciprocating motion is imparted. rlhe wheel thus placed np'ou the table should be secured to and be controlled by appropriate mechanism for determining the number o f .teeth and the proper distances between the same.

I have devised an arrangement for this purpose which forms the subject of a separate application for a patent.

The machine can also bc used for cutting key-seats in pulleys without removing the latter from the position in which they arc secured upon the table in order to be turned out inside.

For this purpose a special tool is required, which,

as it also forms the subject of a separate application `for apateut, willrequire no description'here.

Claims. 1. The sliding head-stock H, its spindle I, and pnlley I1, in combination with the traversing slide H1, the counter-shaftl3 moving laterally with the slide H1, and the driving-pulley I2 sliding on said countershaft.

2.' The traversing-slide H1, head-stock H, and screw J, in combination with the shaft G1, and worm m1, and with the worm-wheelm, screw J, clutch m2, and screw-rod a, substantially as described.

3. The vertically-adjustable sliding table B, and the nuta2, vertical screw D, gears b Zi, and shaft D, in combination with -the driving-pinion t', adjustable disk h carrying the pinious g gl, and gear-wheels bf', j, and c1, and pinious j, c, and e, substantially as described.

movement, in combination with a sleeve, K, carrying a notched disk, K1, and having a spiral slot, into which projects a pin ou the shaft G1, with a disk, 7a, having a slot, s1, and carrying independent pinious g 4. The shaft G, capable of a limited longitudinal g1, and with an arm, L1, carrying a slide ou which are.

two pins, one adapted to a notch in the disk K1, and the other to the slot s1, so that the longitudinal movement of the shaft Gr1 is made the means of turning the disk h and moving one of the pinions g gl into gear with the wheel f.

5. The combination ofthe aforesaid arm Ll having cam-like projections 1.z t2 at its lower end, the said notched disk h carrying pinious y gl, and pawl-catchesl t tadapted to the notches in the disk h, and operated by the cam end of the' arm L1, for the purpose'described. 6. The combination of the subject-matter of the preceding claim, and the adjustable projections t3 on the parts t t, for the purpose described.

'7. The lframe S, having wheelsr running on ways wl, and carrying a. rotating counter-shaft, I3, on which slides :t pulley, I2, in combination with tlle driving-shztft M and gears V V1, or equivalent devices, for imparting a. rotary motion to the countershaft, and with a. shaft, I, rotatingl in n. stock which travels horizontally iu two directions at right anglesv to each other, substantially ns set forth.

In testimony whereof, I hzt're signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v

C. VAN HAAGEN.

Tit-messes:

WM. A. STEEL, HARRY SMITH.

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