US588090A - Fumigator - Google Patents

Description

(No Modell@ 0. SALLADY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OBEDIAH SALLADY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

FUMlClATOF?.A

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 588,090, dated August 10, 1897.

Application filed March 13, 1896. Serial No. 583,060. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OBEDIAH SALLADY, a citizen of the United States, residing at 4Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Fumigator, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to those fumigators which are designed to force smoke into squirrel and gopher holes to asphyxiate and exterminate the animals therein. Incidentally my invention is capable of various other uses, it being of such great capacity that it can be employed eectively for fumigating trees when smoke-chamber and the apparatus for producing the blast have been arranged in the form of a telescoping cylinder, with the blastchamber directly above the smoke-chamber. Such devices are single action, or capable of producing a blast only in puffs and not continuously. In exterminating squirrels and gophers it is necessary to use materials producing noxious and stifling fumessuch materials, for instance, as sulfur, dac. IVhen the smoke-chamber and blast-chamber are secured together, as has heretofore been the custom, it is impossible for the operator to escape from the fumes emitted by the machine, and hence found practicallyirnpossible to use with the ordinary fumigator materials which will produce asphyxiation of the vermin without partially asphyxiatin g the operator; Another objection is that the volume of smoke produced by the single-action blast-machines is not sufficient, in many cases, to ll the burrows to such anextent as to destroy the vermin therein.

The object of my invention is to produce a device which will give a practically continuous flow and great volume of smoke and to provide means whereby the operator may stand at a distance from the smoke-chamber while operating the machine and by paying due observance to the wind can always avoid the fumes which must necessarily escape in small quantities from the joints of the smokechamber and through the crevices of the soil above the burrows.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device of this kind in which when it becomes necessary to lill.A the smoke-chamber with fuel the nozzle can be removed and the fuel introduced from the nozzle end of the chamber, thus bringing the fire always upon the top of the fuel when the device is inverted for use. p

My invention comprises the various features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter set forth.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. l

f Figure 1 is a perspective side elevation of a machine embodying my invention. Dotted lines indicate the position of the nozzle of the smoke chamber when the nozzle is swung upon its hinge to open the smoke-chamber to allow fuel to be introduced thereinto. Fig. 2 is a vertical mid-section of my improved airpump for producing a continuous blast and of the smoke-chamber. Fig. 3 is a fragmental sectional view illustratingthe construction of my improved valve for the air-pump.

In the drawings, A represents the smokechamber, which is shown inverted from its position when in use and has its top a closed and has its lower portion ct tapered. The nozzle A' is also tapered and fits upon the exterior of the tapered portion of the body of the smoke-chamber and is secured thereto by means of a hinge a", so that such nozzle can be swung off of the smoke-chamber, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, thus to allow fuel to be placed in the smoke-chamber.

ct" represents a grating placed in the nozzle to prevent the fuel from passing so far into the nozzle as to restrict the passage of the smoke therefrom. To the top of this smoke-chamber is attached a nipple B, and to this nipple is secured a hose O, the other end of which hose is secured to a nipple F', which projects from the air-chamber F of the air-pump D.

The air-pump D consists of a cylinder D', which is secured to a base D", which extends outward on each side of the cylinder and is adapted to receive the feet of the operator, so that the operator can stand upon the base to hold the air-pump steady while he is operating the pump. This pump is provided at its bottom with an annular row of perforations ICO d, and above these perforations I arrange a partition CZ. In the partition d is arranged a valve e, and at the top of the chamber is arranged a valve e. The valves e and e' are each adapted to allow air to enter the airchamber and to prevent. it from escaping therefrom when the plunger is operated. To one side of the air-pump cylinderI secure an air-chamber F, and at the top and bottom of the chamber I arrange valves ff", whichare each adapted to admit air from the cylinder n into the air-chamber, but to prevent it from escaping from the chamber back into the cylinder.

G is the piston or plunger of the air-pump, and G is the cross-piece or handle-bar for operating thesame.

To the side of the air-chamber F and substantially near its mid-length is arranged a nipple F', which projects from the air-chamber and to which is secured one end of the hose C.

The construction of the valves e and e is particularly illustrated in Fig. 3. These valves each comprise the base member, which may be the partition, the head-plate cl", or the side wall of the cylinder D, as the case may be, but which I have lettered E in Fig. 3, the flexible valve-plate E', for which I have ordinarily employed rubber, and a metallic guard-plate E", oifset to bring it away from the plane of the valve-opening E", which is provided in the base E. The guard-plate, the valve-plate, and the base member are all secured together by means of one bolt e,where byI produce a valve of exceedingly cheap and simple construction, and yet one which is very efficient in operation.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a fragment of hose H, secured to a nipple H', which is fitted upon the tapering nozzle of the smoke-chamber, whereby to adapt the device for fumigating. By means of the hose H the fumes may be conducted into a tent or other device (not shown) arranged inclosing the tree and the tent filled with fumes, thus destroying scale, &c. In fumigating plants I have found it to be unnecessary to inclose the plant in order to kill depredating insects.

yIn practical operation it has been my custom to manufacture the smoke-chambers of heavy Russian iron having double-lapped airtight seams. The cylinder of the air-pump and the air-chamber are ordinarily made of galvanized iron, closed at its top by means of a cast head-plate d, while the piston-rod and the actuating-handle are made of gas-pipe. The construction may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

As shown in the drawings,`the top of the smoke-chamber is resting upon the ground in' the manner 1n which the device is arranged to set when not in use, but it is to be under-v stood that when used for smoking. squirrels or gophers the nozzle of the smoke-chamber is inserted into the burrow and the dirt packed top of that, the chamber being ordinarily" filled to the top of the tapering portion there'- of.v Thenthe nozzle is swung back into its closed position, as shown, and the device is ready for use.

When it is desired to recharge the smokechamber with fuel,since the top cannot be removed from the chamber it is necessary to set the chamber upon the ground, as shown, the ilat top serving as a base upon which it rests. This automatically brings the fire into such position that when the smoke-chamber is charged with fuel and is again ready for use the fire will be arranged on top of the fuel in place of beneath it, as is the oase in the fumigators heretofore in use and in which the fuel is introduced through the top of the smoke-chamber.

By my improved double-action air-pump I am enabled to produce a continuous blast and to force an extraordinarily large volume of smoke from the smoke-chamber. In fact, with one of my devices I can produce smoke in volume equal to that produced by an ordinary locomotive-engine. y Y

By reason of the flexible connection between the smoke-chamber and the air-pump the operator is enabled to stand at a distance from the smoke-chamber and to operate the air-pump without any liability whatever of being subjected to the noxious fumes generated in the smoke-chamber.

By arranging the nozzle so that it can be removed to open the base of the smoke-chamber I am enabled to make the top of the chamber air-tight, so that the only joint is the one where the nozzle joins the smoke-chamber. By reason of the tapering form of the chamber and the nozzle the joint is made to fit so` tightly as to be practically air-tight, so that no fumes can escape excepting from the nozzle of the smoke-chamber.

A" represents a handle secured to the smoke-chamber, and DIl is a handle secured to the air-pump.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isy l. The fumigator set forth, comprising' the smoke-chamber having its top closed and having its lower portion tapered; a nozzle tapered to fit upon the tapering lower portion of the chamber and hinged to such chamber; an airpump secured to a base; vsuch base, project- IOO IIO

` ing upon both sides of the pump-cylinder and adapted to receive the feet of the operator; and the flexible hose connecting the airpump With the top of the smoke-chamber.

2. The fnmigator set forth, comprising the smoke-chamber provided near its top with a nipple and having its lower end tapered; a nozzle, tapered to flt the lower part of the chamber and hinged to the body of the smokechamber; an air-pump comprising a vertical cylinder secured to a base and provided at its bottom with a series of air-inlets a partition OBEDIAl-I SALLADY.

lVitnesses:

ALFRED I. ToWNsEND, JAMES R. ToWNsEND.

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