US546A - Loom for weaving knotted counterpanes and other fabrics in which the - Google Patents

Description

' Looivr FCR WEAVING KNCTTED CoUNTERraivns Anp OTHER FABRICS 1N WHICH .THE

. means of the bevel gears p, p, Figs. 2, 4, tok

UNITED STATES 1rarerrr'orrion. fA

E. B. BIGELOW, OF WEST BYLSTON. MASSACHUSETTS.

kwoor1 1s RAIsED RRCMTHE SURFACE.

'speci'cation of Letters raam; No. Y54e, dateatranuary e, i838.

To aZZ whom t may Camera."

Be it known that 1,*ERAsTUs BRICHAM BIGELOW, of West Boylston, county of Worcester, and State of Massachusetts, have invented, made, and applied to use new and.

useful Improvements of Machinery for the Purpose of Weaving Knotted Counterpanes and lSuch other F igured Fabrics Where th-e Woof is Raised from the Surface as may be manufactured by the said machinery.

The said improvement, the `principles thereof, and mode of using the same, I have fully described in the following words and annexed drawings, which, combined together, form my specication. l

The loom properly consists of two parts or divisions First, that which weaves the cloth or forms the fabric. Second, that by which the figures are wrought. The first part or division of the loom is described as follows. The frame consists of four upright posts a a a a Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 5, 7, 9,

v10, Z) Z) b ZJ Figs. 2 and 4, 5, 10 are cross rails which connect thel posts together. c c 0 Figs. 1 and 3, 5, 9, 10 are cross horizontal rails for the same purpose of connecting the ends ofthe framework, e Figs. 2, 4, 5 is a platformv for the weaver to standupon. (Z Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 represents the beam or roller on which the yarn is wound before weaving. e, e, Figs. 2, 3, 4, are weights suspended by friction straps passing over the headsl of theJ beam CZ, to keep the warp at a proper degree of tension, and allow it to unwind as .fast as it is lled by the woof, when beaten up by the lay. f Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 is a roller,'over which the yarn passes to change its direction; g Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 is the breast beam, over which the cloth passes; h. Figs. 1, 2, 4,5 is the cloth rollerfor r-eceiving what has been complete-d, Figs. 1, 2 is a ratchet wheel and pinion. t' Figs. 2, 4, is a lever for communicating motion from the lay to the cloth roller, k Fig. 1 are catches to secure the roller, while the lever z' is acted. upon by the lay; Z, Z Figs. 1, 2, 4, are treadles which are acted upon by the weavers feet. m, m, Figs. 1, 2, 4 represent straps which communicate motion from the treadles Z, Z, tothe shafts 0, o, Figs. 1, 2, 4, which shafts continue the motion, Vby

i the rollers g, g, Figsf2, 4; r, r, Figs. 1, 2, 4,

5., are strapsV for connecting the rollers g,fg,

lwith the heddles which raise andk depress the `warp,toreceive the shuttle. t, t Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, are straps by `which the heddlesy are ,suspended fromthe roller s, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 114, 5, vsupportedby vthe stands a, a, Figs. 1, 2,

3, 4. The roller s turns on its axis in opposite directions, as the heddles are raised or depressed. Y

which the lay vibrates. n yparts of the lay, called swords, appear at w, w Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7. w Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 isa cross rail between the swords. y, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, represents the race beam, vupon whichrthe shuttles slide, and to which the lower edge of the reed is attached. e Figs. 1, 3, 4,' 5,7, is the top shell of the lay which receives the upper edge of the reed.-

p p Figs. 4, are rods bent as represented 1n the drawing with their extremities made fast to thepost a Figs. 2, 4, and the crossv rail b Figs. 2,4, g, g Figs. 2, 4, are stands screwed to the race beam, playing onthe rods p p', Figs. 2,4. r', r, Figs. 2, 4, repre@ sent springs encircled on the rods p p,

F igs.` 2, One extremity of each spring abutsagainst the p-in inserted in the rods p', p', Figs. 2, 4; the other extremity presses against the stands g, g, Figs. 2, 4. The

object of thesprings is to counteract kthe weight of the lay, and render it more easily mov-ed by the weaver. s, s Figs. 2, 4, 5, arer studs extending lfrom ythe breast beam g Figs. 1, 2, v5, 6, 7, to. prevent the lay passing' beyond-a given point, when it is brought ,forward to beat up the woof. The double shuttle boxes are visible at a, Figs. 1,3, 4, 6. Z1, b Figs. 1, 3, 6, are the pecker rods or spindles made fast in the stands c', c Figs.

1, 3, on which the peckers or drivers de d. e, e', e Figs. 1, 3, are

Figs. 1, 3, slide, pecker strings which connect the drivers d cZ, Figs, 1, 3, with the handle f, Figs. 1, 3. The drivers are drawn forward alternately by the weaver grasping the handle f thel force of which motion lodges the shuttle iny the box at the end of the lay opposite to the driverV that is drawn forward. y Figs. l

1, 3, 4, are pulleyswith springs encircled on their axes.

e Figs. l, 3,4 is the axison The supporting The object of the springs and pulleys to take back the peclters, afterthey have been drawn forward by the weaver. s a Figs. 1,3, are strings which connect the peckers with the pulleys m', y,

Figs i, a, 4. Y

1, 3, being described as follows. g g Figs.

1, 2, 3, 4, are Vs upon which Vthe shuttle boxes slide withV a horizontal reciprocating motion; k Zz Figs. 2, 4 are screws to regulate the degree of motion of the shuttle boxes; z" z" Figs. 1, 3 represent arms extending from the shaft Figs. 1, 3 with their lower extremities vpassing Vthrough mort-ises made inpieces of iron Z Z Figs.A 3, 4' screwed to the bottom of the shuttle boxes. c, k Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 are stands which support the shaft y" Figs.' 1, 3. o Figs. 1, 2, 3,

4 represents the handle which the weaver grasps, and by giving to it an oscillating motion shifts the boxes.

7e now come to thesecond part or division of the loom, which accomplishes its object by three principal operations. 1st. that which regulates the variat-ions in the pattern or figure, adjusts the spring and stop bar raises the hook, or dent, and prepares the woof to be acted on by them. 2d. that which sinks the hooks toV form the knots which compose the iigure. 3d. that which releases the hooks from the knots, and allows them and other parts of the machinery to A return to their former positions.

The first operation is described as follows afFigs. 1, 2, 3, is a pulley revolving on the iirst shaft b Figs. 1, 2, 3, receiving motion from the mill work by the belt c Figs. 1, 2, 3, and giving motion to the machinery to produce the first operation, when the clutch d Figs. 1, 3, connects it with the shaft t Figs. 1, 2, 3. The clutch CZ Figs. 1, 3, byits reciprocating motion through the chuck f Figs. 1, 3, which is made fast to the shaft b, Figs. 1, 2, 3, connects and disunites the shaft b, Figs. 1, 2, 3, with the pulley a Figs. 1, 2,73. Motion is given to the clutch eZ Figs. 1, 3, to form this connection, by the shifting rod g Figs. 1, 4, which the weaver grasps at the ball h Figs. 1, 4, and slides in the stands f 2' Figs. 1, 2, 4, toward the right. This gives motion to a lever, Vwhose long arm' j Figs. 1, 2, 3, is connected with the rod g Figs. 1, 4, by means of a mortise through which it passes.

The shaft 7c Figs. 1, 2, 3, turning on bearings in stand, Z Z Figs. 1, 2, 3, is the fulcrum of the lever. m Figs. 1, 2, 3, is the short arm which by pressing against 4,the spring n Figs. 1, 2, 3, overcomes its elastic force. The upper part of the spring is made fast to the cross rail 0 Figs. 1, 3,.

d', Figs.

lshaft t Figs. 1, 3, on its axis.

y while its lower extremity plays a groove in the clutch CZ Figs. 1, 3. p Figs. 1, 3,

is a spring attached to the spring n Figs. 1, 2, 3, and locks or catches on the stand g Figs; 1, 3, when the clutch d Figs. 1,3, is brought in contact with the studs extending from the pulley as .Figs 1, 2, 3, and thus secures the connection between the pnilley a Figs. 1, 2, 3, andthe shaft CZ Figs. 1, 3. '7" Figs. 1, 3, represents a cogged wheel which takesy into the cogged wheel 8' Figs. 1, 2, 3, and revolves the g Attached to the shaft t Figs. 1, 3, are three wipers or cams, from which the three principal motions of the first operation arederived.

lThe iirst motion has foriits object, to regulate the variations made in the pattern or figure, which is effected in the following `manner--v The arm fw Figs. 2 3 receives an oscilb 7 7 latlng motion from the wiper fv F lgs. 1, 3,

,and turns Athe shaft fw Figs. 2, 4, on its axis.

m wFigs. 2, 4, 5, are arms extending from theshaft w Figs. 2, 4, 5, which oscillate as the shaft w Figs. 2, 4, 5, turns on its axis alternately in diferent directions. y y Figs. 2, 4, 5, are connect- `ingbars which communicate the oscillating motionfrom the arms a0 w Figs. 2, 4, 5, to the' prism frame z Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5. a3 Figs. 2, 4, is the axis on which the prism frame vibrates-t Figs. 3, 4, represents a spring, attached at one end to the bar y Figs. 2, 4, 5, and at the other extremity to the cross rail c Figs. 5, 3, .9, 10. The object of this spring is to take back the prism frame, after it has been drawn forward by the cam e Figs. 1, 3. b?, Figs. 2, 3, represents za four sided prism, having as many holes bored in each side, as there are knots to be raised in any thread of the woof, and to correspond in number with the hooks or dents which act on the filling. It also has projecting points -or teeth u', u', u, Fig. 3, the object of which is to enter holes made `in the pattern card, so as to bring the re-Y 4maining holes inthe pattern card directly over the holes in the prism. c3 Figs. 4, 11, is a double pawl, shaped as seen in Fig. 11 zand vibrates on a pin which connects it :to a stand on the framework of the machine. The prism is made to turn one :quarter revolution at each oscillation, by means of the upper hook ofthe double pawl ,c3 Figs. 4, 11, retaining one corner, while the other part is carried out.

v Vhen the figure to be woven is half completed, it is necessary to reverse the motion of the prism, to turn back the pattern card. .This is effected by attaching a spring to the projecting arm of the double pawl c3 Figs. 4, 11 which brings the lower hook of the double pawl c Figs. 4, 11, to'act on the prism., The hooks of the double pawl 03` Figs. 4, 1l, turn the prism, by acting on the' friction rollers of a wheel d3 Figs. 3, 4, on the extremity of its aXis. This wheel may be constructed of two parallel plates, having four holes drilled in each opposite to each other, and corresponding in position with the corners ofthe prism, to serve as bearings for four small cylinders or friction rollers which serve the same purpose as the teeth of a ratchet wheel.

e3 Figs. 3, 4, is a piece of iron or other metal shaped in the form of a T and moving in proper supports attached to the prism frame. f3 Figs. 3, 4, is a spiral spring encircled on the upright part of the T e3 Figs. 3, 4, and forces it against the friction rollers in the wheel Z3 Figs. 3, 4, to prevent the prism from turning except by the action of the hooks of the double pawl 03 Figs. 4, 11. g3, g3, g3, Figs. 2. 4. 5, represent as many horizontal wires as there are holes bored in each side of the prism. They are so arranged as to slide in holes drilled in the plates of iron h3 Figs. 2, 4, 5, 3 Figs. 8, 5, js Figs. 2, 4, 5, screwed to the cross rails 7c3, Z3, Fig. 5.

Between the plates of iron screwed to the cross rail k3 Fig. 5, a spiral spring m3 Fig. 5, is encircled around each horizontal wire g3, g3, g3, Figs. 2, 4, 5, and attached thereto at one end by a pin inserted in the horizontal wire g3 Figs. 2 4, 5. This pin also serves the purpose of a shoulder to prevent the return of the horizontal wire beyond a proper distance.

The opposite end of the spring m3 Fig. 5 abuts against the plate of iron js Fig. 5. This spring yields to any gentle pressure on the end of the horizontal wire g3 Figs. 2, 4, 5, projecting beyond the cross rail Z3 Fig. 5 and returns to its place again when that pressure is removed. In the end of each horizontal wire projecting beyond the cross rail 7c3 Fig. 5, is an eye, through which a wire r1.3 Figs. 4, 5, passes, hooked at one end, and arranged vertically over the lifting bar s3 Fig. 5. The wire n3 Figs. 4, 5, is more particularly described hereafter.

The ends of the horizontal wires projecting beyond the cross rail Z3 Fig. 5, are so arranged as to enter the holes of the p-rism, as it swings toward them. If this was the whole of the apparatus, it is evident that the prism b3 Figs. 2, 3, could produce no effect on the horizontal wires g3, g3, Figs. 2, 4, 5, for the ends of them, being received vat each swing of the prism into the corresponding holes of the prism, all pressure on the same would be avoided. If we cover each face of the prism as it is brought successively against the ends of the horizontal wires, with a piece of pasteboard 03 Fig. 2 called a pattern card, pierced with holes corresponding to those of the prism,

and opposite to certain of the horizontal.

wires, which it may be necessary to have remain at rest, Vit is evident that all the Vother horizontal wires will be pushed forward, thus withdrawing the hooked vwires n3 Fig. 5, n3 Figs. 4, 5, with which they are connected, from the action of the lifting bar, which when raised, will carry up with it only those hook wires n3 a3 Figs. 4, 5, which have not been pushed back, or in other words, those the horizontal Wires of which were opposite to the holes in the pattern card 03 Fig. 2. Thus any variation may be made in the figure or pattern, by a corresponding variation in the pattern card. The object of the neXt motion is to raise the hooks and prepare the woof to be acted on by them. This is accomplished as follows; an oscillating motion is given to the arm p3, Figs. l, 2, 3 by the wiper or cam g3 Figs. 1, 3. This turns the shaft r3 Figsfl, 2, 3, 4, 5 on its aXis, and raises the lifting bar s3 Fig. 5, which is connected to the shaft r3 Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, by the arms t3, and the bars a3 co3.

When the lifting bar s3 Fig. 5 is raised, it carries with it the hooked wires n3, n3, Figs. 4, 5, which were not pushed vforward by the horizontal wires, as before described. The hooked wires n3 n3 Figs. 4, 5, are connected'. by a joint with the levers 03, o3, Fig. 5, and

raise those ends of them towliich they are wires which are attached at4 their lower ends by a hinge joint to the levers 123, 03,

Fig. 5, and at their upper ends to the hooks or dents z3, z3, Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8. They communicate motion from the levers 55,013, Fig.

5, to the dents or hooks 23, z3, Figs. 5, 6, 7, Y

8. The hooks a3, z3, Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, compose every fourth dent of the reed, and are'made to slide in the bands of the reed with a vertical reciprocating motion. The movable hooks z3, z3, Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, are more particularly shown in Fig. 8 and are shaped and formed as therein seen. On each side of the hook is a piece of copper or other metal a4, Fig. 8, beveled at the top, its object being to separate the threads of the warp, when the hooks are raised, so as to prevent any accident which might occur by the points of the hooks catching the threads of the warp, while going down.

The reedis similar in construction to those in common use in other looms, with the eX- ception, that neXt to every third ydent is placed one of the movable dents which act on the woof or filling. The number of movable dents, and of course theV number `ofV fast dents between them, are regulatedby fthe kind V'of fabric to be manufactured; thus instead of three fast and` armovable dent, as above mentioned, there may be four `or more at pleasure, and a movable dent neXtin order as seen in'Fig. 6 where b4, b4 b4, Fig. 6, represent the fast, and z3, Figs. 6, 8, the movable dents. The construction of thereed or that part of it whichrelates to securing the dents, differs somewhat fromthe mode usually'adopted inreedsin common use. There are two strips or bandslof iron atthe upper and lower edge of the reed, between 'which the ends of the dents are inserted. A notch -is formed on the under and upper edge of each band on either side of each movable dent. The dents are then secured in the bands by means ofv a wire properly wound betweenthem around the bands, Which, v'being received into thenotches, prevents the movable dents from `becoming misplaced-by zthe operation ofthe loom or otherwise. i The fast dents arel soldered or `.otherwise fastened together atthe top, to preventthem dropping out, in case they are notmade securev by` the wire wound `between them.

'An arm ot similar tothe arm t3, Fig.. 5, eX- Atends from the shaft r3, Figs. 1, 2,3, 4, 5, (beingvhid in the drawing by the `arm t3, Fig. Attached to the arm c4 is a strap d4, `Fig.5,.which when the .shaft r3, Figs. l, 2, 3, 14, 5, turns on its aXis, communicates motion to .the pulley et, Figs.g2, 5. f4, Fig. 5, `represents a spring which locks or catches into a notch made in the circumference of the pulley eFigs. 2, 5, when it has completed that partof a revolution it is causedwto make by the strap d4, Fig. 5, and prevents it `from turning, when the strap Z4,`-Fig. 5, is slackened, as-theshaft r3, Figs. l, 2, 3, 4, 5, turns, to depress thelifting barss, Fig. 5.

cgt, Fig. 5, is a strap which `communicates .motion from the pulle e4, Figs.'2, 5, to the shaft 71.4, Figs.4 l, 5, w,-Figs.1l, 5,-is a smallpulleyon the axis-of the lay, toguidethe strap g4, Fig.I 5, so that during the-vibrations of the lay, itshall preserve an uniform tension. Attached to the shaft 71.4,: Figs. l, 5, 7, are three wipers or cams Z4, Z4, Z4, Figs.Y 2, 5, 7, Awhich impart an upward motion to'three vertical rods jt, jt, jt, F igs.` 5, 7, placed over them. Attached to Athe top ofthe rods is a piece of metal la, Figs. 5=, 6, 7 ,called the race piece, which is raised by the rods jt, jt, Figs. 5, 7,\to touch the lower shedA of the warp, while the movable ldents or hooks' are acting on vthe filling. Grooves Z4, Z4, Fig. 5, are made in that edge of the race piece` presented to the reed, corresponding in number and osition with the movable dents, the hooke parts ofwhich passfthrough the grooves as the dents move up and down in `the-bands ofthe reeds.

The race piece 7a4, Figs. 5, 6, 7, supports the Vwoof as itis acted on by the hooks and thus makes .the knots of a` uniform length. mi,

1 Figs; 1,1.2,5, :is aistrap-which yreceivesl moported by4 thestands 224,294, Figs. 6, 7.` To

this shaft. Eareattached` the pieces of metal 134,; Q4,Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7, shaped and formed as seen in Figs. 6 and 7. Attached to their Vuppersurface are upright pieces r4, "r4, Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7, to serve .as supports and guides for vthe w1ress4, 84,1F1gs92, 5, 6, 7. `The Wlres 's4-'s4 slide finxholesinnthe top of 'thepieces r4, rFigs. 2,A 5,' 6, 7. ""t, t4, Figs. 2, 5, `6, 7, are arms affixed by` a screw tothe wiresst, 84, Figs..2, 5, 6, 7, and'slideinsl'ots rmade in the .piecesrof metalgt, Q4, Figs.f 6, 7. ut, Figs.' 2,

5, 6, 7, is aspir'al sprlngwhich encircles the Ywirebetweenfthe arm'zf, F igs.12, 5, 6, 7, and vthe upright piece'rt, Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7. .6,is a leverwhose fulcrum is at wtrF igs. 6, 7, having one arm jointed att, Figs. 6, 7, to the piece "g4, Figs. 6,7.

'114, Fig.

The jointe/f1,j Figs. 6, 7, is so constructed that the piece g4, Figs. 6, 7, cannot fall be- -low a horizontal line; e, Figs. 6, 7, `-is a projectionfrom the shaftoz, Figs; 2, 5, 6, 7, and

a5, Figs. 6', 7 ,is Yanotherfrom the race beam y, Figs.- l, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. "b5, Fig. 6,\is a spiral` spring 4with -onewend 'attached `to f the lever fvl", Fig. 6, andthe otherto thebreast beam. 405,*Fig6, is aifspiral springencircled around the shaft n4, Figs..` 2', 5^, 6', 7 ,having one'end attached to the shaft;andtheiaother torfthel breast beam.

The object of this apparatus isto push the lfllling' under the hooks towbe acted on by -them to form the knots; this vis effected'as "followsr-T'he'strap-mti Figs. 1, 2, 5 brings downtheapparatus to ai-level-with the top Vof the race beam,1thereby causing the-points of thewire, S4, S4, Figs. 2, 5,- 6, 7fto\pass down behind thewoof. At vthe same time the shaft i12-'Figs V2, 5,-6, 7 `turningVallows the short arm Y* Figs. 6, 7 of the lever V4 Fig. 6 to" fall to a horizontal position. The lay coming-'forward until it meets 'the stops d8, Z8 projecting fromlthe underside of the-piecesof metal g, gt "Figs, 2, 5, 6, 7 causes theprojectionlA5 Fig. 6, 7 to strike Aagainst 'the side `of the larma/4, F igs.' 6, 7 which pushesthe other `arm of the lever and the wire, s4 st Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7' forward toward 'the reed, carrying =thelilling along Awith itl under the hooks.

The third motion adj uststhe stop bar and the springs which support and prevent the levers from falling by their gravity, when fthe lifting bar Vby which they are raised,

returns toi-ts place. The arm eSTFigs. l, 2, 3 receives motion" from the wiper or cam d5 Figs. l, 2, and turns the shaft e5 Figs. 2, 5, 9, 4f g5, g Figs. 2, 4, 5 are connecting bars, jointed at one end ofeach to the arm` f5, f5,

Fig. 5 and at the other lend to the lever 71,5, 7t5 j Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Z5, Z5 Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5.are upright rods which slide wit-h a vertical reciprocating motion in suitable stands, and 'serveto support the stop bar l7'5 Figs. 4, 5. This stop bar j5 Figs. 4, 5 receives the ends of the levers as they are forced down bythe cylinders, and regulates the degree of motion thus given t-o the hooks `or dents z3, z3, Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8. 'Y

765, 705 Fig. 5 represent springs arranged vertically vbefore the levers v3 Fig. 5 and made fast at the bottom to the stop bar j5.

The ends of the levers 113, 'v3 Fig.r 5 rest upon the ends of the springs, and are supported by t-hem. r1`he springs yield to any upward pressure made on the opposite ends of the levers v5, Fig. 5 and allow them to sink down to the stop bar. 7V hen the levers strike the top b-ar .7'5 Figs. 4, 5, the shoulders of the springs lock or catch on vthe vends of them, and prevent them from being raised by the resistance of the woof, as it is acted on by the movable hooks or dents z3 Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8. As the hooks are forced down by the motion of the levers, they act on the woof, and force it into their corresponding grooves in the race piece, thus making the knots, which compose the pattern or figure.

The cams or wipers on the shaft 2511, Figs- 1, 3` are so shaped as to give the three principal motions of they first operation rela-- tively asl follows; The prism is first brought forward to pushk back the hooked wires;

then the lifting bar, the springs and stop y bar rise up simultaneously and immediately as the lifting bar arrives at its destination, it returns again to the place from whence it started. When the lifting bar has descended, the prism returns to its former position.

The rst operation being completed. the stud e Figs. 1, 3 projecting from the cog wheel S11 Figs. 1, 2, 3 unlatches the spring 2011 Figs. 1, 3, thereby releasing the spring n, Figs. 1, 2, 3l which by its elastic force withdraws the clutch Z11 Figs. 1, 3 fro-1n the studs extending from the pulley all and thus destroys the connection between the pulley all Figs. 1, 2, 3, and the shaft 511 Figs. 1, 2, 3. After this connection is destroyed the stud a7 Fig. 3 projecting from the cam or wiper @u Figs. 1, 3 strikes against a shoulder projecting from the upright bar 797 Figs. 1, 2, 3 and prevents the cams from passing beyond a given point by their momentum.

As it is evidentthat so much of the woof must draw in from the shuttle as is required to form the knots, it is necessary, in order to prevent the movable dents from cutting it '0H by their downward motion, that each should act on the woof successively; that is one after the other.

The second. operation of the machinery aey complishes the above object, and may be understood as follows -Z5 Figs.4 1, 3, 4 is a pulley which revolves on the shaft m5 Figs.

1, 3, 4, 9 receiving its" motion from the mill work Y a5 Figs. 1, 3 is a clutch which slides with a horizontal reciprocating motion, and connects and disunites the pulley Z5 Figs. 1, 3, 4 with the shaft m5 Figs. 1, 3, 4. Motion is given to the clutch a5 Figs. 1, 3 to form this connection, by inea-ns of the shifting rod 05, Fig. 1 which the weaver grasps at the ball p5 Figs. 1, 3 and slides towardv the right. This moves a lever when long arm g5 is connected with the rod 05 Fig. 1 by means of a mortise, through which it passes. The shaft T5 Figs. 1, 3, 4 is the fulcrum. 85 Figs. 1, 3, 4 is the short arm which presses against the spring a5 Figs. 1, 4, 10, and overcomes its elastic force. Thev spring u5 Figs., 1, 4, 10 is made fast to the post of the frame, with the other extremity playing in a groove in the clutch a5 Figs. 1, 3. o5 Fig. 10 represents a lever which extends across the loom with its fulcrum 105 Fig. 10 in the center. Fig. 10 attached to the frame. m5 Fig. 10 is a spiral spring which exerts an upward force on that arm of the lever to which it is attached.

When the` spring a5 Figs. 4, 10 is acted on by the short arm 35 Figs, 1, 3, 4, to bring the clutch a5 Figs. 1, 3 in contact with the pulley Z5 Figs. 1, 3, 4, the lever o5 Fig. 10 is drawn upward, and abuts againstpthe stud .e5 Fig. 10, extending from the side of the spring M5, Fig. 10 and thus secures the connection between the pulley Z5 Figs. 1, 3, 4 and the shaft m75 Figs. 1, 3, 4.

af Figs 1, 3, 4, Z9, Figs. 3, 5 06, Figs. 2, V4 represent cylinders which are arranged hori- Zontally across the loom in the frame Z5 Figs. 2, 4, 9, resting on the cross rails Z) b Figs. 2, 4, 5, 10. e5, e5, e5 Figs. 2, 5, 9 are stands which support the ends of the axes of the cylinders. f5 f6 Fig. 3 represent teeth or spurs which areinserted in suitable positions relative to each other in the surface of each cylinder.

When the cylinder, a5, Figs. 3, 4, 9 revolves on its axis, the first tooth or stud in the cylinder a, Figs. 3, 4, 9, strikes the first or outside of the series of levers es, o3, Fig. 5 and forces the reverse end down to the stop bar. The tooth inserted next in order to the irst strikes the second lever at another instant of time, and so on, until each tooth has acted on its corresponding lever, and forced each movable dent connected with it successively into its corresponding groove in the race piece, and formed the knots.

YFor all the purposes of the loom, one' cylinder only would be necessary, provided we couldmakey use of one of, a suitable size. It willv be seen as each tooth on the surface the next succeeding tooth, and as their ilon- The cylinder 06, Figs. 2, 3, operates on the of the cylinder must be at a certain distance both horizontally and longitudinally from gitudinal distance apart from their center l must be equal to the distance between the center of their corresponding levers, and as f each tooth is obliged to move through ,a certain `arc of a circle, to give a suitable lde- Y' gree of motion to thelever on which it acts, before the next succeeding tooth begins )tol act on the next succeeding lever, that where a great number of levers are employed, the cylinder must be very large; therefore wel make use of three or more according to their size, or the width of the loom.

The first of .these cylinders on completing its revolution is succeeded by the .revolution of the second, which last as soon as comj pleted, vis succeeded ,by the revolution of the third cylinder. Fach cylinder mustV perform an entire revolution Abefore `the .other commences, in order that the action of the f teeth of the second cylinder shall not talreA place until that of the rst is fully rconi-f. pleted.

On the end of the axis of the first cylinder is fixed a dog or piece of metal'with a pro-J jection from vits end or a pin inserted andi projecting therefrom. To the end of fthe, axis vof the second cylinder, which lays di, rectly against the .end of the axis of :the `i'irst, is atlixed a circular plate having ,a projecting rim. In this rim is formed a slot or 'j opening ofsuch a size as toallow .the `end .of a click the reverse end `of which vibrates only the axis, to 4move `thrcaigh a sector of a circle, .which in .reversing the -motion of the oylinder would be lost by the dog and click, if the 1, dog struck as the .cylinder a6, Figs. 3, 4, 9 revolve in either direct-ion aga-inst a ,xed stud or projection from the plate.

Itwill be seen by the construction of the j dog `and click, `that when the motion of the :i cylinder -is reversed, the click is in a certain i" position against one end of the slot, and that Awhen the cylinder as, Figs. 3, 4, .9 move in an opposite direction, the dog comes around and strikes against the opposite side vof the click, .which moves forward vto #the opposite end of the slot and allows `the centerof fthe dog -to complete an entire circumference of a. circle before it moves rthe cylinder be, Figs. 3 and V5. L

-lBetween the second and third cylinders? are also another dog and plate, -simi-lar .to the one above described. The 'first cylinder on completing its revolution communicates motion to the cylinder he, Figs. 3, v5, which: after acting on all 'the levers ycorresponding with -its teeth, in .a similar manner :to the first cylinder, or in other words, when vit has completed one entire revolution, communicates motion to the cylinder c, Figs. v2, 3.f

llevers similarly yito the 4aforesaid cylinders, i

VF ig. l0, depresses the `reverse arm, and releases the spring a5, Fig. 10, which .by its elastic force withdraws the clutch 71,5, Figs.

Al, 3, from the stud, extending from the pulley Z5, Figs. l, 3, 4, and destroys the .connection between the pulley Z5 and the `shaft m5, Figs. l, 8, 4, 9, 7d, Fig. 3, is a catch which receives a shoulder .of the stop m6 2, and prevents the cylinders from turn- .ing beyond a given point by their momentum, after the connection is cut .off between the pulley Z5, Figs. l, 3, 4,y and the tshaft m5, Figs. 1, 3, 4 f Z, Figs. l, 3,'is a vertical lever `where inlcrum is connected with the framework, and its lower end with the said catch Je, Figs. 2, 3. The obj-ect of ythe lever ZG, Figs. 2, 3,lis to withdraw the catch 7c, Fig. 2, from the shoulder of the stop me, Fig. 2 Tin order to allow the revolution of the cylinder, when .it is again employed uto act on the levers. The `lever Z6, Figs. 2, 3, is put in motion by inea-ns of a stud attached to the connecting bar `1/11, Figs. 2, 4, .5.

me, Fig. 2, Vis la spring, attached to the catch 706, Figs. 2, J3, ,to prevent 'the catch 706, Fig. 2 from returning under the Vshoulder of the stop .m6, Fig. 2, when the .stud from `the connecting bar y, Figs. 2. 4, 5, is withdrawn lfrom the lever l, Figs 2, 3. 06, Fig. 2, is a catch ywhich vlocks Lunder another shoulder of the stop m, Fig. 2, .and prevents ,the cylf inder c6, Figs. 2, 3, from rebounding, when the shoulder of the lstop me, Fig. 2, strikes against the catch .706, Figs. 2, 3, .as `above de,-

scribed. p6 p6, Fig. 2, Yare springs having one extremity of each attached to the stand g?, Fig. 2, and the other 4end 4.of zeach .connected with the catchesks. o, Figs. 2, 3, 7,

to bring them .under the-.shoulder .of `the stop .m6, Fig. 2. The ,cylinder c, Figs. 3, 4, 9, is prevented from rebounding by ymeans fofa stud r6, Fig. 4, projecting from -ifts right end, :which strikes against fa lprojection s6, lFig. `4, from the upper side of VVthe `lever ad?, Fig. 4, `when vfulcrnm is at' f6, Fig. 4. 'llhe Vlever us, gFig. 4, is held up :by a spring at- 2 tached to it, `and ,fthe ttramework.

rEhe .third operation ywhich `consists in .-re- :leasing the `hook from .Ithe knot, and .-allowing them and other'parts of the :machine-ry to return to their former positions .is described'as follows. The weaver presses his ttoot on the ftreadls fue, Figs. 1, "2, 4, '5, raises the stop bar vj5, Figs. 4, `5, which act on the ends of the levers m3, o3, Fig. 5, 1resting upon it, pushes :them upward and the movable dent, `connected Vwith them. .But before the weaver presses his toot on l the treadles we, Figs. V1, 2, 14, 45 .he crosses the threads of the warp to secure the knot, and

and arranged horizontally over the ends of' the levers Q23, @3, 03, Fig. 5.

The object of the bar y@ Figs. 4, 5 is to ini sure the downward motion of the lever @3,

Fig. 5 should any of them be obstructed by the hook connected with them binding in the reed or warp.

As the weaver pushes down the treadle o6,

Figs. 1 2 4 5 vhe performs two other operations; the first brings down the race piece 7c4 j Figs. 5 6 7 and raises the apparatus which guides the woof under the hook; the second releases the cams from the stop bar 57, Figs.

1 2 3, turns them a little, to allow the arm es i Figs. 1, 3 to pass down to its lowest position on the cam.

The depressing of the race piece ist, Figs. 5, 6 7 and raising the apparatus which guides the woof under the hooks, may be described as follows. The arm c7 Figs. 1, 5 moving with the shaft e5 Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5

presses on the spring f4, Fig. 5 and releasesV it from the pulley et, Figs. 2, 5. The spring c5, Fig. 6 being thus. relieved, acts on the shaft a4 Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7 and causes the apparatus which guides the woof under the hooks y to Hy upward. At the same time the spring" f8 Fig. 1 draws down the welt g8, Fig. 1 and thus turns back the shaft 7L* Figs. 1, 5, 7 and cams 4 Figs. 2, 5, 7 and allows the race piece to fall by its own gravity.

The releasing of the cams from the bar 57 Figs. 1, 3 and turning them a little, to allow the arm es Figs. 1, 2, 3 to pass down toits lowest position on the cam, is thus described. l The wiper Z7 Fig. 2 turning with the shaft c5, Fig. 6 acts onthe upright bar 67, Figs. 1,

2, 3 and pushes it off, and releases the stud: a7 Fig. 3 from the projection on the bar 572 Figs. 1, 2, 3. The bar .67, Figs. 1, 2, 3 by means of a hook e7 Fig. 2 jointed to thetop l of the bar Z97,'which locks on a stud eXtending from the wiper e, Figs. 1, 3 turns thecams or wipers a little on their aXes, and allows the arm e8 Figs. 1, 2, 3 to pass down to the small part of its cam, when the weaver= removeshis foot from the treadle o Figs. 1,

2, 4, 5 to sink the hooks. As the weaver removes his foot from the treadle a6, Figs. 1 2

4 5 two other operations are also performed. The first is to relieve the projection s Fig.

4 of the lever u8 Fig. 4 from the stud r Fig. 4 to allow the revolution of the cylinder a6, Figs. 3, 4, 7 when its motion is reversed. The second is to form a connection between certain parts of the machinery, to communicate a reversed motion to the cylinders as, Figs. 3 4 9 Z277, Figs. 3, 5. The projection s of the lever u is thus released from the stud r, Fig. 4 as the shaft e5 Figs. 2, 4, 5, 9turns, the arm f7 Fig. 4 presses downward the bent end of the lever u Fig. 4 and releases the stop r6 from the projection s6.

The mode of forming a connection between certain parts of the machinery, to communicate a reversed motion to the cylinders a Figs. 3, 4, 9, be Figs. 3 5 is thus dei scribed. On the shaft 6,5 Figs. 2 5 9 is fixed a projecting arm g, Figs. 4 9 having in its end a tongue L7, Fig. 9 acted on by a spring 7, Fig. 9 in a similar manner to a blade and spring of a penknife, which spring, when the shaft turns, by the weavers foot being pressed on the treadle, yields and allows thev ilipngue to pass under the end of the lever 7c,

On the return movement of the shaft e5 Figs. 2, 4, 5, 9 as the weaver removes his footfrom the treadle, the end of the tongue a7 Fig. 9 strikes against the end of the lever k7 Fig. 9, pushes the reverse arm in an opposite direction, and releases the lever Z7 Figs. 2, 9, which lever is drawn sideways by the spring m7, Fig. 9 and brings the clutch a7 Figs. 9 in contact with the studs'extending from the cogged wheel 07, Fig. 9 thus attaching the shaft'm5 Figs. l, 3, 4, 9 to the cogged wheel 07 Fig. 9, which otherwise revolves on the shaft. i

The lever Z7 Figs.`2 9 turns on a fulcrum attached to the post a Figs. 2 9, and has a projection in its center, playing in a groove in the clutch a7 Fig. 9.

7 Fig. 1, is a cogged wheel attached to the pulley Z5 Figs. 1, 3, 4 and takes into another cogged wheel Q7 Figs. 3, 4, attached to the end of the shaft t7 Figs. 3 4 9. Attached to the opposite end of the shaft 7'7 Figs. 3 4, 9, Fig. 9 is another cogged wheel 87 Fig. 9 which takes into a small cogged pinion t7 Fig. 9, which pinion takes into the cogged wheel o7 Fig. 9, and turns it in a direction opposite to the motion of the cogged wheel 707 Fig. 1. This plan is adaptedto produce a reverse motion, in preference to using bevel gears, in order to reduce the velocity of the reversed motion.

From the above it will be seen, when the. gear 07 Fig. 9 is connected with the shaft m5 Figs. 1, 3, 4, 9 by the clutch a7 Fig. 9, a reversed motion is communicated to the cylinders. The peculiar object of turning back the cylinders is to reverse the position of the dogs against the click, playing in slots in I lplates between the cylinders, inv y.

may perform an entire revolution, before it. communicates motion to the second, and that the second may also complete a revolution, before it moves the third and so on, through any niunber of cylinders, employed. Therefore, it is evident that the last of the series of cylinders does not require to be turned back.

The next portion of machinery to be described is that which withdraws the clutch a7, Fig. 9 from the cogged wheel 0.1, Fig. 9 and destroys the connection between the shaft 'm5 Figs. 1, 3, 4, 9 and the coggedwheel 07 Fig. 9. a7 Fig. 5 is a cam attached to the shaft of the cylinder neXt the last of the series of cylinderc7 Fig. 5 is a pitman sliding in a bearing @07, Fig. 5-One end of this pitman is presented to the cam'u7 Fig. 5 the reverse end being connected with two toggles m7 Figs. 3, 5 jz/7 Fig. 3. The end of the toggle m7, 3 is jointed to a .stand at tached to the framework. The end of thel toggle g/7 Fig. 3, is jointed to the end of a long rod .e7 Fig. 3 sliding in stand as, bs Fig. 3. The opposite end of the rod a7 Fig. 3 is connected by a joint to the lever Z7, Fig. 9. Just as the cylinder, with which the cam @1.7 Fig. 5 is connected completes its revolution, the cam a7 Fig. 5 pushes out the pitman, thus straightens the toggle, and slides the rod e7 Fig. 3 lengthways. The rod 27 Fig. 3 moves the lever Z7 Figs. 4 9 which withdraws the clutch a7 Fig. 9 from the stud oiI the cogged wheel 07 F ig. 9. vWhen the lever Z7 Fig. 9 is moved sidewise, as above described, the spring o8 Fig. 9 draws the lever 707 Fig. 9 inward, and thus brings the end ofi it to abut against the extremity'of the lever I Z7 Fig. 9 and prevents the return of the clutch a7 Fig. 9 against the stud of the cogged wheel o7, Fig. 9.

The mode of operating the loom is as fol# lows: The weaver mounts the platform in the middle of the loom and grasps the top shell of the lay at the handle 01 Figs. 1, 2, 3 4 with his left hand, and the handle f F ig.` 13 with his right hand. When thus sta-` tioned, he opens the warp to receive the shuttle by the action of his feet uponV the` treadle Z, Z Figs. 1, 2, 4 throws the shuttle with his right hand, and moves the lay, and shifts the shuttle with his left hand, in a i manner similar to common weaving. VVhenf he has inserted the number of threads ofl woof to be introduced between them to bei raised; he lodges the shuttle containing thei coarse woof in the shuttle box at the rightl hand of the lay, or in other words, at the. end of the lay opposite to that at which the hook, or movable dent, begins to act on the filling, and continues to press on the harness treadle with his foot, to secure a large opening between the threads of the' Warp When the first division of the loom is in this stage of its operation the weaver grasps the ball 7L Figs. 1, 4 with his right hand, and forms a connection between the driving pulley and the machinery-Which regulates, the variation in the pattern or figure, adjusts the springs and stop bar, raises the hooks, and prepares the woof to be acted on by them. Just as this operation is completed, he moves forward the lay, until it strikes against the projections b5 b5 Fig. 6 to bring the hook over the woof; he then grasps the ball p5 Figs. 1, 3 and communicates motion tothe cylinder, which sinks the hooks. Immediately after this operation is completed, he crosses the Vwarp with his left foot to` secure the knot, and with his right foot presses on the treadle 'v6 Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, to raise the hooks from them. After he moves back the lay, to carry the hook away from the knot, he removes his foot from the treadle 01, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and allows them to return to their former' position. Then he proceeds to operate the first part of the loom as before.

Having described my improvements in machinery to weave knotted counterpanes and such other gured` fabrics, where `the woof is raised, as may be woven by the said machinery, and shown by the accompanying drawings and foregoing description the best mode of constructing and adapting the same with which I am acquainted, I desire to be understood that I do not intend to confine myself to that particular form, material, and arrangement of the part shown in the drawing by which I eiect my improvement invweaving, as different from and arrangement of mechanism may be found capable of effecting the'same object; and although I l have herein above described many parts of machinery in common use, as applied in connection with my improvement and invention for raising the knot, or figure from the surface of the cloth, yet I only claim the combination of such part with, and their application to, my improvements.

Separately and singly I claim as my invention and improvement as follows.

1. Raising the knots which compose the figure from the surface of the cloth, by a series of movable dents or teeth or hooks.

2. Supporting the woof during the operation of the movable dents or teeth or hooks, and thereby regulating Vthe length of the knots'by a bar, beam or race piece, as herein above described.

3. Separating or dividing asunder the thread, of the warp by means of beveled pieces of metal on the sides of the movable dents or hooks or teeth, to prevent them from catching into andfbreaking the thread.

4. A toothed cylinder or cylinders acting on machinery intervening between them and the' den@ 0r, teeth .Or hQOks and Operaties the dents or teeth or hooks, successively, to speciication of my said invention and imraise the knots which compose the gure. provement, I have hereto set my hand this 5. The application of a prism and pattern seventeenth day of June A. D. 1836. card, to regulate the operation of the hooks ERASTUS B. BIGELOW. v 5 or teeth or dents to produce the variations Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, EBENEzE-R RHOADES.

in the pattern or figure.

In testimony that the above is a true

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