US543796A - Apparatus for separating dust - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- A. W.- BANISTER. APPARATUS FOR SE PARATING DUST, SHAVINGS, &c., PROM AIR.

No. 543,796. Patented July 30,1895.

Fig 1 M M ii (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

A A. W. BANISTER.

, APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING DUST, SHAVINGS, &c., FROM AIR.

No. 543,796. Patented July 80, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR W. BANISTER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING DUST, SHAVINGS, 800., FROM AIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 543,796, dated July 30, 1895.

Application filed May 23, 1895. Serial No. 550,441- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR W. BANISTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Dust, Shavings, &c., from Air, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved apparatus, the upper portion of one side of the casing being removed to show the interior construction. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the center of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a transverse vertical section on the line 4. 4. of Fig.' 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, looking in a direction contrary to the arrow. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1, looking in a direction contrary to the arrow.

My invention has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of apparatus for separating dust, shavings, &c., from air, whereby the operation is rendered more reliable and effective andlthe best results obtained in the most simple and economical manner.

To this end my invention consists in a separating apparatus embodying certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, as hereinafter fully set forth, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the said drawings, Arepresents the easing of the apparatus, the upper portion 12 of which is of substantially rectangular form, while the lower portion 15 is made in the form of an inverted quadrangular pyramid, having its front side in the same vertical plane as the front side of the portion 12. At the bottom of the lower portion 15 of the casing is formed a discharge-opening b for the dust, shavings, &c., said opening being located at the front end of said portion 15 at the junction of its several sides. 1

B is the inlet-opening, which is surrounded by a flange c, to which is to be secured a blastpipe (not shown) leading from a fan-blower, by which the air laden with shavings, dust,

&c., produced by planing or other machines connected by a suction-pipe with said blower, is forced into the apparatus through said inlet B, which opens into a horizontal tunnel-shaped receiving-chamberO, preferably of triangular shape in cross-section, and extending longitudinally inward and communicating at its rear end with a narrow vertical chamber f, formed at the rear end of the casing A, the bottom or floor of said tunnel-shaped receiving-chamber 0 being inclined downward from .the inlet B to the point where it opens into tributed as it enters the lower portion of the same, the heavier particles of dust or other material suspended in the air falling by gravity and sliding down the inclined-sides of the portion 15 to the discharge-outlet 17, while the air containing the lighter particles of dust or other materials passes up through a longitudinal opening 1', Figs. 2, 4, and 5, into a chamber I), located immediately under the receiving-chamber O, and provided on its opposite sides with longitudinal deflectors 7c is, the inner edges of which form the sides of the opening 2'. As the dust from the chamber f strikes the outer sides of these deflectors 70, it is thrown thereby against the sides of the casing A opposite thereto, the air passing up through the opening i into the chamber D, causing it to be separated from the heavier particles of dust which fall to the bottom of the casing and thence pass to the dischargeoutlet 1). 7

Between the upper edges of the deflectors 7.", 7c and depending flanges m m, at the top of the chamber D, are formed longitudinal spaces or passages n 72, located on opposite sides of the casing, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, through which the air divested of the heavier particles passes up into a chamber G, located over the receiving-chamber 0, where it impinges against an inclined deflector H, arranged diagonally within the casing A and forming the top of said chamber G, said deflector H extending upwardly nearly to the top of the same, whereby a space or passage p is left between the upper edge of the deflector and the front wall 18 of the casing, through which space the air and lighter particles of dust pass into an upper chamber I, at the top of the casing A, from which the purified air is discharged into the atmosphere through an outlet-pipe q, which may be provided, if desired,with a suitable hinged cover adapted to exclude rain or snow. The dust and lighter particles on striking the under side of the deflector H drop and slide down the double-inclined bottom of the chamber G onto the deflectors 7c and through the opening 2' into the lower portion of the casing, while any very fine dust which may be carried over with the air into the upper chamber I will slide down the inclined bottom of the same and the upper surface of the defleetor H and pass through openings 8 s,Figs. 1 and 3, between the lower edge of said defiector and the end wall t of the chamber I, into the chamber D, and thence down through the opening t' into the lower portion of the casing to the discharge-outlet b.

The deflector II serves to distribute the air within the casing and affords an increased area of surface to intercept and catch the dust and facilitate its dropping back into the bottom of the casing.

The depending flanges m m, which extend downwardly from the top of the chamber D on opposite sides of the same, as shown in Fig. 4, serve to intercept the dust, shavings, the, in their passage to the side openings at n, thereby retarding the same and effecting a further separation of the air and dust within the chamber D, the dust being deflected by said flanges m m and caused to strike the deflectors 7c and pass downward while the air passes upward, as before described, into the chamber G.

The upper portion 20 of the wall t of the chamber I is inclined upwardly and rearwardly, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, whereby a dead-air space is formed at this point, which diminishes the tendency of any dust remaining in the air within the chamber I to escape through the outlet-pipe q, as said dust will lodge on the inclined portion 20 of the wall, where the air has little or no motion, and slide down the same to its intersection with the vertical portion of the wall t, from which it will drop down through the openings 3 3 into the chamber D and thence through the opening i to the bottom of the casing.

By locating the outlet 1) for the dust at the front end of the bottom of the casing and ar ranging the front wall in a vertical plane, as shown, the tendency of the air to lift the dust is avoided, and its direct passage to the outletopening 1) thereby insured. By thus causing the dust-laden air to pass in different directions from one separating-chamber to another and into contact with deflectors at" ranged within the casing at various angles to intercept the air-current and reduce its velocity in the manner above described I am enabled to produce a perfect separation of the air from the dust and other materials in the simplest and most economical manner and without centrifugal action, thus rendering my apparatus especially adapted for wood-working establishments where shavings, sawdust, and other similar materials are to be conveyed from the machines by which they are produced to storage-bins or other locations.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A separator comprising a casing having a horizontal receiving chamber provided with an inlet opening for the dust-laden-air, a second vertical chamber communicating with said receiving chamber at its rear end and opening into the lower portion of the casing, the latter being provided with an outlet for the discharge of the separated dust or other material suspended in the air, a deflector placed between the vertical chamber and the lower portion of the casing, a third chamber located beneath the receiving chamber and provided on opposite sides with longitudinal deflectors arranged along the sides of the easing and forming between them a central opening from the second chamber and lower portion of the easing into said third chamber, a fourth chamber located over the receiving chamber and communicating with the third chamber through spaces or openings at its opposite sides, a longitudinal upwardly inclined deflector forming the top of the fourth chamber and having a space between its upper front end and the front wall of the casing for the passage of the air and lighter particles carried thereby, a fifth or upper chamber communicating with the fourth chamber through said space, and provided with openings at its lower end communicating with the chambers beneath, said upper chamber having an outlet pipe for the escape of the purified air, substantially as described.

2. In a separator, the combination with the casing having its lower portion of angular form and-inclined downwardly toward its vertical front side and having its outlet opening at its front end, of the receiving chamber 0, provided with an inlet opening and a rearwardly and downwardly inclined floor or bottom, the vertical chamber f, communicating with the chamber 0, and opening into the lower portion of the casing, said chamber be ing provided with a double deflector g, having its sides inclined downwardly and outwardly in opposite directions, the chamber 1), arranged beneath the receiving chamber O, and provided with longitudinal deflectors 70, 70, forming between their inner edges a space or opening 5, for the passage of the air and dust suspended therein to the chamber D, the chamber G, located over the chamber D, and

IIO

communicating therewith through openings outlet opening for the escape of the purified 10 n, n, at its opposite sides, the deflector 'H, arair, all constructed to operate substantially in ranged within the chamber G, and forming the manner and for the purpose set forth. the top of the same, and having a space or Witness my hand this 21st day of May,A.D.

'5 passage 19, between its upper end and the 95.

front wall of the casing, and the upper chatn- ARTHUR VV. BANISTER. her I, communicating through said opening In presence of-- p, with the chamber G, and having openings P. E. TESCHEMAOHER, v

s, s, at the bottom of said deflector H, and an ALICE E. HUMISTON.

Images