US523602A

US523602A - Coke oven

Info

Publication number: US523602A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 1911-07-24

Description

(No Model.) r 3 sheets-shet-l. A. D. SHRBWSBURY.

y GOKE OVEN. l l No. 523,602. Patented'July 24, 1894,.

LD. SHRBWSBURY;

3 sheets-sheet 2.

COKE OVEN.

(No Model.)

- No. 523,602. Patented July 2 4, 1894.

(No M qdel.) 3 sheets-sheet 3.

' A. D. SHREWSBURY.

COKE OVEN.

No. 523,602. A` Patented July 24, 1894.

we cams mns co.. PuomLm-ao.. wAsmm-.Ton n c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT DICKINSON SHREWSBURY, OF CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN BY-PRODUCT AND COKE OVEN COM- PANY, OF SAME PLACE.`

COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent N0. 523,602, dated July 24, 1894.

Application led April 10, 1894. Serial No. 507,049. (No model.)

To aU whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT DIOKINSON SHREWSBURY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Charleston, in the county of Kanawha and State of West Vir.- glnla, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

The main object of my invention is to provlde for an even and uniform distribution of the air over the surface of the coal, in a coke oven, and, at the same time to heat the air befpre introducing it to the surface of the coa The other objects and details of construction of all the parts are fully described hereinafter.

For carrying out the first part of my invent1on I providea second dome forming thereby an intermediate chamber, communication Wlth the oven itself or coking chamber being .brought about by holes at certain and equal dlstances apart, and uniformly distributed in thesecond, or inner dome. This chamber is d1v1ded in such a manner as to allow the air to be admitted, necessary for combustion, into one half of the chamber, and from the second half of this intermediate chamber, leads a branch pipe which is connected with the main conduit into which the gases formed during combustion, are drawn off by an exhauster and condensed, forming thereby the several by-products which exist in the manufacture of coke.

My invention also includes means for coollng and condensing the gases in the conduit thereby forming the by-prod ucts.

In the drawings z-Figure l, is' a vertical sectional view of my improved coke oven. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 show modifications. Fig. 5, is a plan view. Fig. 6, is a view of a detail.

The oven A may be of any desired form, either round, rectangular or square, and has an upper or outside dome and a lower or inner dome, marked 2, forming

suction chambers

3 and 3 between them.

In order to charge the oven, the opening 4 is carried down the space going through the suction chamber and into the oven similarly lined with fire bricks as is the oven itself. The usual means for charging the oven and stopping up the door may be employed.

The inner dome is perforated throughout its extent, and the holes 5 must be at regular distances apart, and so arranged that through 5 5 all of them a uniform draft can be obtained, at one and the same time. chamber, in Figs. 1, ,and 3 is`divided equally into two parts 3, 3' by a central wall in line with the opening 4. The air is admitted in 6c one side and is thence drawn down through p the holes, as indicated by arrows, into thel combustionchamber and there mixes with the gases and is drawn off through holes in the other half of the domeinto the other half of the chamber 3 by an exhauster and passes out by a branch pipe 6, and thence into the main gas iiue 7, connectedwith the exhauster 8, from which the flue leads to a condensation plant of any desired form. The air passing 7o than the inlet 9 to allow for the expansion of i gases. In this branch pipe or outlet 6 is placed a damper in order to regulate the draft 8o or to shut off the draft entirely, thereby not interfering with the exhauster that would be required for other ovens in blast at the same time. By this arrangement the suction draft is uniform throughout the entire area of the coal bed, and the coal being coked gives the lgas from one part of the oven an equal opportunity to escape as from any other part. This results in a uniform action throughout the oven during the entire process of the con- 9c version of the coal into coke, and brings about a uniform grade of coke, in color, weight and density, and prevents the oven from becoming hotter in one part than it is in another.

It is a well accepted fact that through the inv ability to obtain auniform heat in ovens now in use, coal is imperfectly coked and when an oven is drawn, a portion of the coke may come out black, showing a want of regular heat throughout the oven.

or badly coked coal must be thrown on one side, and becomes so much loss, for it can be all used only when the coking process is perfect, and the coke is drawn from the oven all This intermediate Thisblack coke, .o0

alike. The process of coking cannot be continued beyond a certain length of time in order to make up for this irnperfectly coked coal, but must be drawn out to produce a certain grade of coke, for if this continuation be allowed, that which is already coked would begin to burn away, the carbon being consumed; hence the necessity of a uniform heat shown on the exhaust side only, and Fig. 4,

shows how it may be applied on both sides when the exhaust is .through an undivided intermediate chamber.

In Fig. 6 a part of the exhaust pipe 7 is shown in section showing the trap 25 and the cooling coil.

Steam pipes 10 lead to the bottom of the oven and these have nozzles for introducing steam jets into and through the coal bed. All bituminous coals contain more or less sulphur in the form of sulphide of iron, or iron pyrites, and this moistening of the coal by steam, eliminates more readily the sulphur, and forming thereby sulphureted hydrogen gas, and practically {produces a coke free of sulphur; it is not used for the purpose of combustion. Vithin the oven at proper points I arrange electro positive and electro negative elements connected with suitable circuitwires. The purpose of these elements is to secure a galvanic action within the oven to so act on the gases that they may be purified in such a manner that the chemical combination, arising from the decomposition of the various elements during the process of coking, may be brought about more readily, and increase the amount of ammonia.

Other electro positive and electro negative elements are arranged in the main flue as at 13, near the cooling device Where all the gases pass after leaving the oven and a further extraction of the by-products takes place, uniting in a chemical action gases that might have passed out of theoven in a free state and so on into the main conduit.

The exhauster is indicated at 8 and the pipe 16 leading therefrom to the condensation plant, not shown, I have provided means for cooling the gas in the main liue just before it reaches the exhauster in order to condense the ammonia and tar contained therein. This cooling means consists of a coil or series of ammonia or brine pipes 17, intersecting the main gas ue in front of the exhauster and any suitable form of trap (Fig. 6) may be used, or catch pan arranged for collecting any of the by products drawn from the gas.

I do not wish to limit myself to any particular c oil of pipes nor to any particular series or form of trap, the essential principle being that the cooling device be arranged at a point in front of the exhauster. Two sets of cooling and condensing apparatus and traps may be employed so that one may be cleaned While the other is in operation. For this purpose, the conduit 7 is divided at 13 and each branch has a separate cooling coil and separate exhauster; both branches reunite at 1G to the pipe leading to the condensation plant. It will be understood also, that the trap is in each branch and that a suitable valve is 1ocated at the junction of the branches, to admit the current to one or the other of the branches.

By this apparatus the maximum eiiect is secured both in the production of coke and in the recovery of the by-products for it will 'be clear that the uniform draft secured by the arrangement of the two domes and the suction chamber will secure an even distribution of the draft and a complete coking operation, while the action of the electro'positive and electro negative elements together With the cooling apparatus effects the complete recovery of the by-products.

I do not need to use two exhausters as by providing a suitable -valve at 18 and an exhanster in the pipe, 16, the gas may be drawn through either branch while the other is being cleaned.

The exhauster mentioned herein is also a draft controller as by it the draft through the oven is made more or less.

I claim- 1. In a coke oven, an intermediate chamber inthe upper part of said oven, a division therein forming two parts, an air passage from the outside opening into one part of said chamber, an exhaust opening into the other part of said chamber and a series of passages between said oven and both parts of the intermediate chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a coke oven, an intermediate chamber in the upper part of said oven having com munication with the interior of said oven, through a series of evenly distributed holes, a supplemental chamber communicating with the intermediate chamber, through a series of holes, an exhaust passage communicating with the supplemental chamber, and an air supply pipe, all substantially as described.

3. In combination, with a coking oven, a main gas tlue having branches both connected with the exhaust, and a cooling device and a trap in each branch, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT DIClIINSON SIIREWSBURY.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. COOPER, MARGARET V. COOPER.

IIO