US521946A

US521946A - Jnal ltthosrap

Info

Publication number: US521946A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 1911-06-26

Description

(No Model.) I 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

O. W. COOPER. APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

Patentd June 26, 1894.

WITNESSES 114: NATIONAL umoaupmue eamumr.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. W. COOPER.

APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS. No. 521,946. Patented June 26,1894.

mE NAYIONAL umoenAPnma COMPANY.

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(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

G. W. COOPER. APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS. No. 521,946. Patented Jun e 26,1894.

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/ sugar of milk, soap lye, chrome liquor, and

tinuous, out of which the discharge is consectional plan through. the apparatus of Fig.

UNITED STATES CHARLES w. COOPER PATENT. O FICE.

, OF.NEVV.YOR'K, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521,946, dated June 26, 1894. Application filed January 12, 1894. Serial No. 496,625. (l lo model.)

O To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known thatI, CHARLES W. COOPER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of evaporating apparatus which is organized to embody systems of evaporating tubes, and of which an apparatus invented by me and patented to me in and by United States Letters Patent No. 482,340, dated September 13, 1892, is a type, the said apparatus being one into which the liquid may be continuously fed, fromwhich itmaybe continuously discharged, and within which it-may be caused to continuously circulate, while at the same time the supply may be controlled to an extent sufficient to secure a high rate of concentration.

Apparatus of the foregoing character is commercially employed for the evaporation of cane and beet sugar, condensed milk, glue,

all other liquors requiring economical distillationor evaporation. 1

lhe objectof myinvention is the construction in a simple and compact form of an evaporator embodying a plurality of separating compartments radially disposed with reference to a common central heating chamber and a common separating chamber, and communicating with each other in series.

An evaporating apparatus embodying my invention and into which the supply is continuous, and within which the circulation of the liquid is continuous, is representedin' the accompanying drawings and hereinafter described, the particular subject-matter which I claim as novel being hereinafter definitely specified. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central, vertical, sectional, elevation, through an apparatus embodying my improvements, the section being supposed in the plane of the dotted lines 1-.1of Fig. .2, -66 of Fig. 3, and 7 -7 of Fig. .4; Fig. 2 is a horizontal 1 in the plane of the dotted line 2-2 upon said Fig. 1, with 1 the cover plate removed. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the said apparatus Fig. 4. is a similar view of the same apparatus in the plane of dotted line i-at of said Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal, sectional plan through the casing of the tube-supply compartments in the plane of the dotted line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. In the drawings, A represents a central, vertically erected, heating chamber, preferably cylindric, and formed with an upper tubehead a and a lower tube head 0, Through these tube-heads the respective extremities of a series of groups of vertically-disposed, parallel, open-ended, evaporatingtubes B, or equivalent passage ways or conduits, pass steamis preferably cylindric, which is preferably formed with a hemi-spherical or conical dome having a vaporoutlet c, and which, in the organization represented, is concentrically disposed with respect to the heating chamber in such manner as to encompass and inclose the upper portion of said chamber, from the outside surfaces of the walls of which the preferably downwardly and outwardly inclined floor c of said separating chamber extends, and to which it is connected in any such preferable manner as may aid in the support of the chamber and preserve the relationship of the parts. The lower portion of the separating chamber is, as shown in Fig. 3, divided up into a series,-l1appening in the construction shown to be a series of six,radial chambers or compartments which I term the separating compartments 0 and which are formed by a series of radial partitions 0 extending from the outer walls of the heating chamber to the inner walls of the separating chamber, and from the fioor of said .separating chamber upwardly and in the construction shown to the plane of application of the dome-shaped upper portion of the separating chamber. The

I in the plane of the dotted line 3-3 of Fig. 1. I

upper tube-head a of the heating chamber is,

Figs. 1 and 2, formed or otherwise provided with a series of vertical radial partitions c*,- which, in connection with a cover plate A supported at a suitable distance above the upper tube head, and with an encompassing circular vertical flange a, form a series of radial compartments which I term the tubedischarge compartments and which,-by reason of the fact that the partitions c are in radial alignment above, and as to their lower edges are in actual contact, or, if -desired, integral with, the radial partitions c',- are in connection with the corresponding com:

partments 0 formed in the lower portion 0t the. separating chamber, continuations of which compartments, they, the said tube-dis; charge compartments, in fact, are. i 1

From a reference to Figs. 1 and 2 it will be understoodthat, by reason of the fact that the cover plate A and wall or flange a are of less exterior diameter than the interior di ameter of the separating chamber, an annular. opening 0 common to all of the separating compartments 0 is embodied within the separating chamber and circumscribes the circular flange a. This opening 0 serves to permit the vapors escaping from out the tube.- discharge compartments and deflected by the cover plate, to pass through the separating compartments into which they are first dis charged and thence into. the upper portion or dome of the separating chamber for escape through the vapor outlet 0. It is inconsequential how the partitions c and c e be formed andapplied, and also immaterial by what means the cover plate and flange beapplied and supported.

MAIBOHVGHiQHt' construction utilizing tubular sockets 0 formed in the partitions and bolts 0 adapted thereto to retainthe cover plate, is represented in the drawings.

1 Each of the separating compartments c throughout the series, excepting of course the first and. last compartments, is in communi-. eationwith both compartments circumferen 1 t-ially adjacent to it, preferably through openings c -conveniently formed as horizontal slots :through the radial partitions. ever .be.the number of compartments which the apparatus as an entirety possesses, these openings are placed upon different and successively lower leve1s,the opening from out the compartment into which the liquid is first 1 supplied into the next succeeding compartment,.being higher than the opening from out said succeeding compartment into that into .which the liquid is next introduced, and soon throughout the series, and the opening from the next to the last compartment into theicompartment into which the liquid is finally introduced prior to its discharge from :the apparatus, occupying the lowest level of any opening of the series, while the discharge opening from the final compartment is at a still lower level WVhile, therefore, theform of the openings between the compartments is not of the essence, yet the levels upon W hatwhich the openings are, seriat'im, disposed, and also the relationship of said openings with regard to their respective successive levels above described, are important.

c" is a, portion of a pipe, one or a series of which may be employed as outlets from the compartments of the separating chamber; which are. of course, provided with any preferred form of stop cock or valve; and which serve as escape outlets for wateror other preferred liquid employed in the cleansing of the separatingchamber of the apparatus.

D is the inletfor the liquid to be evaporated, by which said liquid is cbnveniently introduced to the first compartment of the series.

D Fis the outlet through which the condensed .liquidis withdrawnfrom the last compartment of the series. H j i E isa seriesof vertical tubes channels or conduits, which I term the ,return conduits, and which respectively lead outwardlyiand downwardly from the. floors of the respective separatingcompartments, to, and so as to" discharge into, acorrespondingscries of radially disposed tube-supply compartments e, for ried within a preferably cylindrical tube-supply casing e? formed andapplied at the base of the heating chambeigbeneatl the lower tube head at, as shown in ,Ifigs. l andfi. [l l eeonstruction of this casing is. .not of the essence, but itmay be conveniently that repres enjted in the foregoing figures of the difawings. However the casing may .beioxmed, each of theeo npart ments which itembodies is 'verticaliy aligned below a corresponding compartment in the upper portion of the appara tus,th e partitions e which divide the tubesupply compartments c,ly ipgin the same vertical planes as the partitions of which divide the tube-discharge compartments 0 e is a series of discharge orificesformcd in the bottom plate of the tuhe-supply casing e one in each compartment, and conveniently controlled by a pivoted valve 6 controlled by a hand lever cflas shown in Fig.1. These orifices serve to empty the evaporator of such liquid as remains when the operation is completed.

of the return conduits are, of course, immaterial. They may be conveniently applied in the manner shown in the drawings, but they. .may, if desired, be formed as a part of the casting of the casing of theheating chamber. As will now be understood, especially byreference to Eig. 2, thesame evaporatingtubes which are in communication above,with a given tube-discharge com partmentof the separating chamber,are in communication below with the corresponding tube-supply compartment of the divisional tube-supply chamber considered as an entirety. In the apparatus represented six evaporating tubes open into each of the respective corresponding tubesupply and tube.-discharge,compartments. Of course the number of tubes employed is arbltrary 1n the same manner as is the numher of compartments which the apparatus as an entirety is Organized to embody.

Havingnow described an apparatus conveniently embodying my improvements, its

Operation will have been sufticiently understood, s uftice it, therefore, to add, that, assuming a charge of liquid supplied to the first separating compartment of the series, the liquid therein will be caused to circulate down the return conduit of said compartmentinto the corresponding tube-supply compartment, up the heating tubes which open into said compartment-and into thetube-discharge comf verse flow is possible, and the apparatus as a whole may be considered as one embodying a plurality of distinct evaporators,each division formiug a complete single continuously supplying and continuouslydischarging evaporator,-all of which, however, are operative with a common vapor and liquid separating chamber.

Without further particularization of the apparatus and its mode of operation, it is sufticient to add that the operation proceedingv within each of the conjoined compartments of theseriesis the same as that described as taking place in each of the distinct compartments of the apparatus of my former patent referred to, and that the object of dividing the apparatus into compartments, broadly considered, is the same.

Having thus described claim and desire ent- 1. An evaporating apparatus in which provision is made for the continuous supply, continuous circulation, and continuous discharge, of liquid to be concentrated, and wherein are combined the following elements:-a central heating chamber embodying evaporating tubes;-a vapor and liquid separating chamber of diameter in excess of that of the heating chamber and encompassing the upper portion of said heating chamber;a series ofradially disposed separating compartments formed in the lower portion of the separating chamber, circumscribing the heating chamber, and in communication 7 my invention, I to secure by Letters Patrespectively with given evaporating tubes,

and, except as to the first and last, with each other;--a corresponding series of radiallydisposed tube supply compartments located at the base of the heating'chamber, correing said compartments respectively in communication with corresponding tube-supply compartments ;substantially as set forth. 2. An evaporating apparatus in which pro-- vision is made for the continuous supply, continuous circulation, and continuous discharge, of liquid to be concentrated, and wherein are combined the following elements:a central heating chamber embodying evaporating tubes;-a vapor and liquid separating chamber of diameter in-excess of that of theheatin g chamber and encompassing the upper portion of said heating chamber;-- a series of radially disposed separating compartments formed in the lower portion of the separating chamber, circumscribing the heating chamber, in communication respectively With given evaporating tubes, and, except as to the first and last compartments,in communi cation with each other through the medium of openings through the partitions which separate the compartments, placed upon different and successively lower levels;-*a corresponding series of radially-disposed tube-supply compartments located at the base of the heating chamber, corresponding with the separating chambers, and respectively communicating with corresponding given evapcrating tubes;-and a series of return conduits corresponding in number with the separating compartments and placing said compartments respectively in communication with corresponding tubesupply compartments;-substantially as set forth.

3. An evaporating apparatus in which provision is made for the continuous supply, continuous circulation, and continuous discharge, of liquid to be concentrated, and wherein are combined the following elements:-a central heating chamber embodying evaporating tubes;-a vapor and liquid separating chamber of diameter in excess of that of the heating chamber and encompass ing the upper portion of said heating chamber;-a series of radially-disposed tube-discharge compartments located above the heating chamber and in part circ'umscribing it, and inclosed'laterally by a wall of less diam- 'eter than the separating chamber in order of radially disposed tube-supply compartments located at the base of the heating chamber, corresponding with the separating eham= bers, and respectively communicating with corresponding given evaporating tubes;-and a series of return conduits corresponding in number with the separating compartments and placing said compartments respectively in communication with corresponding tube v. a r

supply compartments;substantially as set forth l l H 4. An evaporating apparatus in which provision isymade for the continuoussupply, continuous circulation and continuous dis; charge, of liquid to be concentrated, and wherein; are combined the following ele ments:--a-c entral, vertically erected, heating chamber embodying a series of evaporating tubes or; passage ways for liquid which ex tends completely through it from end to end means for supplying a heatingmedium to the exterior of said evaporating tubes or passage ways; ,a vapor and liquid separating chamber of diameterin excess of that of the heat ing chamber, concentrically disposed rela tively thereto, and encompassing the upper portion of said heating chamber ,-a series of radially disposed separating compartments formed in,,the lower portion of the separatin g chamber,circu1nscribing theheatingchamber, andin communication respectively with given my invention 1 have hereunto signed my name this 3d day of January, 1894. Y i v v a I-IARLES W; COOPER. In presence of-- g J. BONSALL TAvLoR,

F. NORMAN DIXON.