US509045A - passburg - Google Patents

Description

v(No'mloael.) .5sneetsK-sheet 2. E. PASSBURG.

VACUUM PAN. No. 509,045. Patented Nov. 21, 189s.

(No Moda.) Y 5 sheetssheet 3. E. YPA'YS'SBURG, VAGUUMPAN.

No. A599,045. Patentea'Nov.- 21, 1893.-

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(Named-e1.) ,5 sheets-sheet 4.

E. PASS'BURG.- VACUUM PML Y10,509,045 Patented Nov. 21,1893.

j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

-/MIL PASSBURG, OF BRESLAU, GERMANY.

VACUUM-PAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 509,045, dated November 21, 1893.

Application filed March 28, 1893.

To all whom it may con/cern.- v

Be it known that I, EMIL PASSBUEG, a sub` ject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resi` dent-of Breslau, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Evaporating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. o

l This invention relates to apparatus' for evaporating the lighter or more volatile constituents from a liquid-of any kind by employment of corrugated or other heaters with- 1n a closed chamber more or less exhausted of air and maintained under reduced atmospheric pressure, the liquid t be evaporated and reduced to a greater density being caused to flow in a film down the surfaces of the said heaters. v I v The purpose of the present invention is to.

-improve this kind of evaporatorv in certain modilications and additional features of its construction so that its utility in evaporati'ng power may be increased, and consequently the ;V cost of an evaporating plant for a desired output, correspondingly diminished. These improvements will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.` s f A Reference being made to theannexed draw-A ings, Figure l is a cross section on line l. l.

of Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 is a similar section on line;

2. 2. of Fig. 1 showing the. evaporator. Fig.

2a is a vertical section of the heater removed. Y

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section Online 3. 3. Figs. l and 2.4 Fig. 4 is an elevation of'a complete evaporating plant. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 are alternative constructionsofl heater for use in the evaporating chamber, all lshown in vertical cross section. Fig. 9 is an elevation Ypartly in section of another modified form of heater and of the framework thereof. Figs. l0 and 11. are sections on lines l0. 10 and 1l. 1l. re` spectively in Fig. 9.

The evaporator consists of a chamberA preferably rectangular in form of considerable height and ending above inthe flange A into which the corresponding tlangeB of the cover B may be bolted so as to secure an air tight joint. The cap B-has anoutlet C to which the exhaust pipe may be connected.

bbeare the heaters vertically arranged in the chamberA for evaporation of the liquid flowing down their surfaces. These are so constructed that they are suspended only from Serial No. 468,027. (No model.)

the cover B., and with the exception of the draining pipes at the bottom have no connection with or support from the walls of chamber A.

It hasbeen found that if the liquid to be evaporated is subjected to a ppelianinary heating andV while in a state of any considerable temperature is brought in contactv with the surface of the heaters b b it splutters and will ynot flow evenly down the surface of the heaters, much of it being projected and falling into the base of the chamber without flowing 1down the heater. If on the contrary the liq- 'uid be not previously heated a considerable lportion of its travel over the surface of the heater is occupied in raising the temperature of theliquid to a point at which evaporation will commence so that a proportionate superficial length of the heater is, as rey gards evaporation itself, not utilized. The Ipurpose 'of the rst improvement is'to obvilateall difficulties connected with an exact regulation Qflthe temperature of the incoming liquid by affording means whereby liquid heated Vabove the temperature required may `side walls of the cover B within an annu-Y lar space R partitioned off by a side wall uR cast with the cover and strengthened by cross i partitions f so made as to leave spaces f at the base for free passage of the liquid and at the'top at f2, the interior partition R having also holes at the top at f3 so that the pressure in the evaporator may be always the same as in the chamber R. The liquid in the chamber B. is regulated to the temperature prevailing in the evaporator .and passes outv at the several outlets R2 through return bend pipes S connected at their ends-respectively to the cover B and the lower chamber A- into which latter chamber the pipes S lead direct into horizontal troughs u one into each; the

respectively in each heater in the chamber A and revoluble on their longitudinal axes so as conduits thereto. v i

and extending across the same 1s a series of i to supply theliq uid evenly and properly along each face Yof the heater. i I rangement of these troughs enables any of them to be more sharply tilted than the others to supply more liquid, and also, since'th'e at# temperation of the liquid to the temperature prevailing in the chamber A is still continued so long as the liquid is in the troughs, a sharper tilt will enable the troughs to hold less bulk of liquid and consequently the time during which the liquid is under process of preliminary attemperation may be correspondingly'shortened or len gthened according to the greater or less tilt givenY to thetroughs.

The troughs are preferably supplied through hollow trunnions aligned with the pipes Sl respectively and are rotated by handles e titted with indicators of their positions and secured on the ends of the trunnions of' the troughs u projecting through stuffing boxes at the ends opposite the pipes S.

Further improvement relates to the construction of the heaters b and of the supply In the base of the cover -B closed chambers or pipes k continued at one end outside the cover and terminating in short lengths of pipe with Ilanges for the connection of the supply pipes from the main B through which the heating fluid arrives.-

Along the lower walls of these pipeflike chamthe walls of the chambers la is made for attachment to the heater proper which is made by riveting two corrugated or other sheets of metal upon a frame r.' This frame r consists of a Iiattened bar-the thickness of which is equivalent to the distance to be had between the corrugated plates or sheets of metal and sheetsfto it. This bar is bent twice rectan gularly in the same plane and thus constiber on the same side of the latter and parallel to and equal in length to eachother. The frame lr is now corrugated, ifcorrugated side plates are employed in place of at plates and these corrugations will be according to the shape of corrugations of the side plates chosen, and will run transversely on the side members of the frame fr and parallel to the length of the lower member thereof. The form of the frame r is shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2 indicating its inner edge, the outer edge being dush with the edgesof the side plates riveted on it. The heater, when the sides are riveted on the frame r will thus possess but one opening or entrance and this opening which corresponds to the distance between the upper ends of the side members of the frame r in the one direction andbetween vthe edges of the side plates of the heater in the other direction corresponds in breadth and extent to the slit s so that when each The adjustable aras the two shown.

heater is soldered or otherwise forced on the under face of the respectiye chamber la the slit s affords an unrestricted access to the interior of the heater for the steam or equivalent heating vapor and the heater is suspended from the cover B within the chamber A out of contact with the walls or floor of the latter. The pipe m leading to the wall of the chamber A and communicating with the eX- "terior pipe m aiords outlet for condensed water from the bottom of the interior ot' each heater. i i Y n is a Siphon outlet pipe for the denser liquidwhich'liows off the heater and collects in the bottom of the chamber A.

In the modification shownin Figs. 9 10 and 11 the heater b is constructed upon a four `sided rectangular4 frame, instead of uponthe frame before 'mentioned'havinga lower member and two side melnbersonly, but the fourth side r of this frame corresponding -to the open side of the three membered frame is provided witha number of passage ways o0 of collectively as great a cross sectional area as the aforesaid slits. To enable-this area to be attained this side of the frame must be made thicker and the cross area of the heater i gradually reduced from the extra breadth 'needed to the ordinary breadth between the `:plates within a vshort distance below the uplper end of the-heater.

bers lo are slits s and the outer under face ofV i The complete plant for evaporating is 'shown iniv Fig. 4, there beingany desired number of evaporators Aconnected in the sa'me manner RB is the tank containing `liquid to be subjected to evaporation. Pipe R4 carries this liquid to boiler V or heater of any convenient kind and pipe R5 carries the heated liquid to the several evaporators. -The the breadth of which is sufficient for the holes j to be punched through it for riveting the said air pump P draws off the vapors through pipes L and causes4 them to be condensed in any convenient condenser C. In the arrangev ment shownthe vapors-from each evaporator tutes a lower member and two side members 1 are employed as the evaporating agent-in the perpendicular to the ends of the lower mem` heaters of the next evaporator in series and their condensed liquid consequently-'runs out at the pipesm to any convenient receiver;

yThe denser .liquors from the pipes n are received in vessels D D.

For control of the -process thermometers t are placed in the pipes L, gage level glasses in connection with the chambers Rand A as shown at it' andf'pressure gages at o o. The level gages t' may contain hydrometersas at 7l Fig. 1 for indication of the density of the resultant liquid. Having now described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In an evaporator, the combination of a chamber A, a cover B thereto, cross pipes lo in the base of said cover, hollow heaters b depending severally from said cross pipes and communicating therewith, troughs for supplying the liquid to be evaporated tothe surface of said heaters, an annular compartment R in saidcover, an inlet for liquid thereto tro supplying the liquid to be evaporated onto, the surface of said heaters, said troughs being journaled to revolve ontheir longitudinal yhorizontal axes, an annular compartment VRV in said cover, an inlet for liquid thereto and outlets for same therefrom, and pipes S severally connecting said outlets and troughs for thepurpose setforth. e u i 3. In an evaporator the combination with a heater b adapted to receive liquid flowing down the lsurl"ace.the'reof .in a film, of'a trough arranged horizontal and. parallel tothe surface of the heater and revoluble about its lon, :gitu'dinal axisfor the supply of liquid to said surface'.l

Y '4. In'an evaporator the combination of a casing, a heater bsuspended therein adapted to receive Aliquid flowing down the surface thfeeof'in a vlilm,`and,a trough horizontal and parallel tothe surface of the'heater, a hollow trunnion :through whichl'iqui'd is supplied to saidtrough at one end and a'projecting trunnion for revolving the trough at'the other end.

5. In kan evaporator the' combination of'a chamber A, a .coverB thereto, cross pipes-1c in` said cover and heaters composed each of a rectangular frame and two vsurface plates attached along the lower `faces respectively Witnesses:

of` the pipes la and having a communication therewith equal in cross sectional area to the cross sectional area of the heater.

6. In an evaporator the combination of a chamber A, a cover B thereto, cross pipes la in said cover longitudinal slits s in said cross pipes and heaters com posed each of a frame having alower member and two side members A perpendicular to the said lower member and two surface plates attached along the lower faces of said pipes k respectively and having uninterrupted communication therewith through the slits :7.- In an evaporator, the combination of a Ychamber A, a cover B adapted to be fixed airtight thereon, an outlet C in said cover, an annular passage R therein, aninlet forliquid thereto, and a series of outlets from said passage,l horizontal cross pipes lo in said cover,

s heaters composed each of a rectangular frame and two facing platesconnected respectively to said cross pipes and suspended thereby in lthe chamber A, a series of troughs u one on each side of each heater and revolublel on their longitudinal axes, hollow trunnions aty tached to one end of said troughs and pipes.

S exterior to the chamberA and cover Boony necting the hollow trunnions and outlets of passage R, the whole substantially as set yforth.

ln Witness whereofvl have signed this specilication in presence of two witnesses.

EMIL PAssBURG.

DR. STAMMER, ERNST SToRoH.

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