US5213073A - Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5213073A US5213073A US07/788,277 US78827791A US5213073A US 5213073 A US5213073 A US 5213073A US 78827791 A US78827791 A US 78827791A US 5213073 A US5213073 A US 5213073A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- base portion
- head
- head base
- cylinder head
- height
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/241—Cylinder heads specially adapted to pent roof shape of the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and particularly, to a cylinder head in which an additional mechanism, such as a variable valve timing mechanism or the like, is incorporated into a valve system of the engine.
- a cylinder head as one of parts of the engine is generally manufactured by consecutively processing a workpiece to be the cylinder head, thereby improving productivity of the automobile and standardizing the quality of the cylinder head.
- a manufacturing line for the cylinder head there is a common manufacturing line in which different kinds of prior cylinder heads, e.g., both a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) type cylinder head and a double overhead camshaft (DOHC) type cylinder head, without any additional mechanism, such as a variable timing mechanism can be processed, in order to use one manufacturing line for general purposes.
- SOHC single overhead camshaft
- DOHC double overhead camshaft
- the maximum size of a processible cylinder head is predetermined. Specifically, the maximum height, width, and length of the processible cylinder head are restricted by the size of a DOHC type cylinder head, since the DOHC type cylinder head typically has a greater height than an SOHC type cylinder head.
- a special cylinder head in which the valve system with the variable valve timing mechanism is arranged needs to have a height greater than the maximum height defined by the DOHC type cylinder head. As a result, this kind of special cylinder head cannot be processed in the common manufacturing line, even though most parts of this cylinder head, e.g., parts surrounding inlet and exhaust valves are formed so as to comply with the same specification as that of the DOHC type cylinder head.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has as its object to provide a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, most parts of the cylinder head can be processed in a common manufacturing line for processing different kinds of conventional cylinder heads, for example, both of SOHC and DOHC type cylinder heads, even though the cylinder head of the present invention has a greater height than the SOHC and DOHC type cylinder heads.
- a cylinder head comprising a head base portion to be processed in a common manufacturing line for performing various operation and treatments in common to different kinds of conventional cylinder heads having different head heights, the head base portion having the same interior as that of one of conventional cylinder heads, and a height equal to the lowest height among the heights of the prior cylinder heads; and an extended head portion coupled with the head base portion, the extended head portion being formed as a separate member from the head base portion, and having an extended space therein, communicated with the interior of the head base portion, whereby the valve system of the engine and an additional mechanism of the valve system are arranged in the interior and the extended space.
- the different kinds of conventional cylinder heads are an SOHC type cylinder head and a DOHC type cylinder head, the latter having a height greater than that of the SOHC type cylinder head.
- the head base portion of the cylinder head of the present invention may have the same interior as that of the DOHC type cylinder head, and the height of the base portion is equal to the height of the SOHC type cylinder head.
- the additional mechanism is a variable valve timing mechanism for changing an operating condition of an inlet valve or an exhaust valve of the engine.
- the head base portion has the same interior as that of the DOHC type cylinder head, two bearing portions for rotatably supporting camshafts are formed on an upper surface of the extended head portion, and other bearing portions for supporting rocker shafts are formed on an lower surface of the extended head portion.
- the cylinder head of the present invention since the cylinder head is divided into the head base portion and the extended head portion, the size of the head base portion, especially, the height thereof can be restricted within the maximum height of the processible cylinder head determined in the common manufacturing line. Therefore, the head base portion of the cylinder head of the present invention can be brought into the common manufacturing line, and can be processed therein. Further, the cylinder head of the present invention is not merely divided into the head base portion and the extended head portion, but also the head base portion has a height equal to the height of one cylinder head which has the smallest height among conventional cylinder heads processible in the common manufacturing line. As a result, the number of processing steps common to both the head base portion and the prior cylinder heads are increased, so that the head base portion can be easily processed by using the common manufacturing line.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a common manufacturing line for a cylinder head
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a DOHC type cylinder head of prior art
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an SOHC type cylinder head of prior art
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of the cylinder head of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI--VI of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII--VII of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII--VIII of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 1 shows a common manufacturing line A for processing different kinds of cylinder heads 1, such as, a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) type cylinder head of prior art or a double overhead camshaft (DOHC) type cylinder head of prior art, for use in an internal combustion engine.
- SOHC single overhead camshaft
- DOHC double overhead camshaft
- processing machines B, C, and the like are arranged, in order to perform predetermined processing to a workpeice to be cylinder heads 1.
- These processing machines operate under control of a predetermined processing program. Therefore, when different kinds of cylinder heads 1 are brought into the manufacturing line A, the types of the cylinder heads are identified, so that necessary processing and treatment are continuously performed in accordance with the types of the cylinder heads.
- reference letters L, W, and H respectively denotes the length, width, and height of the cylinder heads 1.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of DOHC type cylinder head 1 D .
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of SOHC type cylinder head 1 s .
- the width and height of cylinder head 1 D are denoted at W 1 and H 1 , respectively, while the width and height of cylinder head 1 S are denoted at W 2 and H 2 .
- width W 1 and W 2 are substantially equal to each other, although head height H 1 is greater than H 2 .
- cylinder head 1 D of DOHC type requires a larger inner space for containing a valve system than that of cylinder head 1 S of SOHC type.
- head height H 1 of cylinder head 1 D is greater than head height H 2 of cylinder head 1 S .
- the interior of cylinder heads 1 D and 1 S shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are well-known in the art, and therefore, detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.
- cylinder head 1 includes a combustion chamber, inlet port 3 and outlet port 4 opened into combustion chamber 2 and guide holes 5 for receiving valve stems of inlet and outlet valves. Further, cylinder head 1 D has two bearing portions 6 for receiving a pair of camshafts, while cylinder head 1 S has one bearing portion for receiving a single camshaft.
- FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a special cylinder head 1 V in which, for example, a variable valve timing mechanism (not shown) is incorporated into the valve system for an SOHC or DOHC type.
- this cylinder head 1 V is of separate type and comprises head base portion 8 and extended head portion 9.
- the height of head base portion 8 is represented by H 2 , and is equal to the head height of cylinder head 1 S .
- the head height of cylinder head 1 V is represented by H 3 , and is greater than head height H 1 of cylinder head 1 D .
- cylinder head 1 V has a sufficient inner space for containing the variable valve timing mechanism incorporated into the valve system and the valve system itself.
- the inner space of extended head portion 9 is shown by block 10 indicated by a two-dot chain line.
- variable valve timing mechanism functions to change an opening/closing timing of the inlet valve, in accordance with the rotational speed of the engine, so that both the power performance and fuel consumption can be improved.
- the variable valve timing mechanism may have various and different kinds of structures. Those structures are well known in the art, and therefore, explanation thereof will be omitted.
- Width W 3 of cylinder head 1 V is smaller than width W 1 of cylinder head 1 D .
- head base portion 8 of cylinder head 1 V has the same interior as that of cylinder head 1 D , as shown by a block indicated by a dashed line in each of FIGS. 2 and 4. That is, the valve lay-out of valve system is common to cylinder heads 1 V and 1 D .
- cylinder heads 1 D , 1 S , and 1 V shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 are to be used in the engines of same class, and therefore, these cylinder heads are designed to be coupled with a common cylinder block (not shown).
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the entire cylinder head 1 V .
- FIGS. 6 to 8 are sectional views of cylinder head 1 V .
- two bearing portions 20 for receiving a pair of camshaft 13 are formed on the upper surface of extended head portion 9, whereby the camshafts 13 are rotatably supported between extended head portion 9 and a camshaft cap 12.
- Camshaft cap 12 is mounted on the upper surface of extended head portion 9 by means of connecting bolts 21.
- another two bearing portions 22 for receiving locker shafts 26 are formed on the lower surface of extended head portion 9, whereby rocker shafts 26 are rotatably supported between extended head portion 9 and a rocker shaft cap 11.
- Rocker shaft cap 11 is mounted on the lower surface of the extended head portion 9 by means of connecting bolts 23.
- FIG. 6 shows the camshafts 13 indicated by two-dot chain lines, and ignition plug 14.
- FIG. 7 shows inlet valve 15 and exhaust valve 16 of the engine.
- cylinder head 1 V is designed for use in a four cylinder engine, and three of four cylinder portions thereof are merely indicated by blocks surrounded by dashed lines.
- the same processing as that made to cylinder head 1 D and 1 S can also be performed to head base portion 8 of cylinder head 1 V , by bringing head base portion 8 into common manufacturing line A.
- This processing is completed by performing the following steps in their order.
- the processing comprises steps of, surface grinding of the upper surface of head base portion 8, roughly surface grinding of the lower surface thereof, face grinding of both side surfaces thereof, drilling of bores or holes in the outer surfaces of portion 8, drilling of valve guide holes 5 for inlet and exhaust valves 15 and 16, expansion fit for valve guides 24 and valve seat rings 25 (FIG. 7). finishing of the lower surface of head base portion 8, cleaning of portion 8, and leakage tests and so on.
- the grinding of the upper surface of head base 8 can be performed by the same processing program as that applied to cylinder head 1 S .
- the processing program common to cylinder heads 1 D and 1 S can naturally be used with respect to most of the above processing steps, i.e., with respect to the roughly grinding of the lower surface of head base portion 8, the face grinding of both side surfaces thereof, the drilling of bores or holes only in both outer side surfaces thereof, the expansion fit of valve guides 24 and valve seat rings 25, the finishing of the lower surface of head base portion 8, the cleaning of portion 8, and the leakage tests.
- valve lay-out in head base portion 8 is designed so as to be common to the valve lay-out of cylinder head 1 D . Therefore, the drilling of the valve guide holes 5 for inlet and exhaust valves 15 and 16 can be performed by the same processing program as that applied to cylinder head 1 D .
- cylinder head 1 V of this embodiment most of processing steps can be performed, by merely bringing head base portion 8 into common manufacturing line A.
- the existing common manufacturing line A can be used to process cylinder head 1 V , without changes or modifications, and it is thus needless to provide a new manufacturing line used only for processing cylinder head 1 V .
- a cylinder head used in the present invention is not limited to the kind of cylinder head which comprises a valve system with a variable valve timing mechanism, but may be all kinds of cylinder heads, as far as they need to have a large height in order to incorporate other additional mechanisms, such as, a variable cylinder mechanism and the likes.
- the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is divided into the cylinder head portion and the extended head portion, and the head base portion has a height equal to the head height of the conventional cylinder head which has the smallest head height among all conventional cylinder heads which can be processed in the common manufacturing line.
- the common manufacturing line can be also used to process the head base portion, and further, most of all processing steps for manufacturing the head base portion can be performed, without making changes and modifications to the steps. Therefore, the cylinder head of the present invention can be processed without providing a special manufacturing line, or without making severe changes or modifications to a conventional common manufacturing line. This leads to advantages in that the manufacture of the cylinder head can be started immediately after a short preparation period, and manufacturing costs can be reduced.
Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2-299589 | 1990-11-05 | ||
JP2299589A JP2546435B2 (en) | 1990-11-05 | 1990-11-05 | Cylinder head of internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5213073A true US5213073A (en) | 1993-05-25 |
Family
ID=17874590
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/788,277 Expired - Fee Related US5213073A (en) | 1990-11-05 | 1991-11-05 | Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5213073A (en) |
JP (1) | JP2546435B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR950006879B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5603291A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-02-18 | Al-Kaheli; Ismail A. | Internal combustion engine with valve built into piston head |
EP2481519A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-01 | ELWEMA Automotive GmbH | Method and plant for processing a machined automotive part, in particular for processing a cylinder head |
CN103758654A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Diesel engine fence type cylinder cover for high-speed ship |
CN103758653A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Diesel engine cylinder cover for high-speed ship |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3380440A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1968-04-30 | Niel C. Thuesen | Oil-damped valve-seating compensator |
US3641988A (en) * | 1969-02-13 | 1972-02-15 | Fiat Soc Per Azieai | Valve-actuating mechanism for an internal combustion engine |
US4203397A (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1980-05-20 | Eaton Corporation | Engine valve control mechanism |
US4284042A (en) * | 1978-04-01 | 1981-08-18 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Multicylinder internal combustion engine with valve disconnection |
US4459947A (en) * | 1981-08-06 | 1984-07-17 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Air-cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine having overhead camshaft |
US4637357A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1987-01-20 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Tappet arrangement for engine valve train |
US4660529A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1987-04-28 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Four-cycle engine |
US4662323A (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1987-05-05 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Overhead cam type valve actuating apparatus for internal combustion engine |
US4754728A (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1988-07-05 | Ducati Meccanica S.P.A. | Four-valve cylinder head of desmodromic operation, for internal combustion engines |
-
1990
- 1990-11-05 JP JP2299589A patent/JP2546435B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-11-05 KR KR1019910019555A patent/KR950006879B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-05 US US07/788,277 patent/US5213073A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3380440A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1968-04-30 | Niel C. Thuesen | Oil-damped valve-seating compensator |
US3641988A (en) * | 1969-02-13 | 1972-02-15 | Fiat Soc Per Azieai | Valve-actuating mechanism for an internal combustion engine |
US4284042A (en) * | 1978-04-01 | 1981-08-18 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Multicylinder internal combustion engine with valve disconnection |
US4203397A (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1980-05-20 | Eaton Corporation | Engine valve control mechanism |
US4660529A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1987-04-28 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Four-cycle engine |
US4459947A (en) * | 1981-08-06 | 1984-07-17 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Air-cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine having overhead camshaft |
US4662323A (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1987-05-05 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Overhead cam type valve actuating apparatus for internal combustion engine |
US4637357A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1987-01-20 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Tappet arrangement for engine valve train |
US4754728A (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1988-07-05 | Ducati Meccanica S.P.A. | Four-valve cylinder head of desmodromic operation, for internal combustion engines |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5603291A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-02-18 | Al-Kaheli; Ismail A. | Internal combustion engine with valve built into piston head |
EP2481519A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-01 | ELWEMA Automotive GmbH | Method and plant for processing a machined automotive part, in particular for processing a cylinder head |
CN103758654A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Diesel engine fence type cylinder cover for high-speed ship |
CN103758653A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Diesel engine cylinder cover for high-speed ship |
CN103758653B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Diesel engine cylinder cover for high-speed ship |
WO2015101037A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Cylinder cover for high-speed marine diesel engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR920010113A (en) | 1992-06-26 |
KR950006879B1 (en) | 1995-06-23 |
JP2546435B2 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
JPH04171254A (en) | 1992-06-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MURATA, SHINICHI;YOSHIDA, MICHIYASU;MIYAMOTO, HIDEKI;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005972/0539 Effective date: 19911216 Owner name: MITSUBISHI JIDOSHA KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:MURATA, SHINICHI;YOSHIDA, MICHIYASU;MIYAMOTO, HIDEKI;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005972/0539 Effective date: 19911216 |
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STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |