US518155A

US518155A - martin

Info

Publication number: US518155A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 1911-04-10

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1f C. MARTIN. GUN BMBRASURE JOINT.

W Jeux' mz numoml. Lrmunmmma coMPANY.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. MARTIN.

GUN EMBRASURE JUINT.

No. 518,155. Patented Apr. 10, 1894.

FIGJIL www UNTTBD STATES PATENT Ormes.

CARL MARTIN, OF MAGDEBURG-BUOKAU, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE GRUSONWERK, OF SAME PLACE.

GUN-EMBRASURE JOINT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,155, dated April lO, 1894. Application filed February 3, 1891. SerialNo. 380,057. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL MARTIN, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Magdeburg- Buckau, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented an Improved Gun- Embrasure Joint, of which the following is a specification.

The invention hereinafter described relates to an improved joint for tightly closing the space between the gun and the embrasure in minimum-embrasure gun-carriages, which joint operates like a stuffing-box and entirely prevents the entrance through the embrasure ofthe powder-gases which leave the gun at a very high pressure.

It is well-known that, by the term, minimum-emlorasure,7 is understood an embrasu re in an armor-plate or shield, in the center or approximately in the center of which are situated the imaginary or vertical pivots or axes about which the gun is turned for vertical pointing or elevation and training, or, in an armorplated revolving turret, for vertical pointing or elevation only. By this means, as indicated by the term minimum-embrasu re the smallest practicable embrasure is obtained, which bears somewhat tightly against.

the gun. Nevertheless these arrangements, even when the iong chase of the gun protrudes from vthe armor-plate, have the defeet that, on the firing of the gun, the powder-gases issuing at a very high pressure from the muzzle, iind access through the embrasure-joint into the interior of the armor-plate shield and cause considerable inconvenience to the gunners. Numerous arrangements of embrasure-joints have been devised with the object of obviating this defect, but, up to the present time, none of these arrangements has fulfilled its purpose. The difficulty lies in the fact that simple metallic joints permit the passage ofthe powdergases notwithstanding the greatest accuracy in the iitting of the parts, while hemp and asbestus joints, though they act Well at first, become useless after a few shots have been fired from the dun.

b Now the present invention has for its object to automatically form a hermetic joint 5o during the tiring, without interfering with the movableness of the gun.

In order that my invention may be fully understood I will proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I is a vertical section of my improved gun embrasure joint. Fig. II is a horizontal section thereof. Fig. III is a vertical section showing a modification. Y

Upon the gun A (Figs. I and II) is provided a collar B which is turned to a convex form. The center of thecollar coincides with the point of intersection of the virtual pivots for the vertical pointing or elevation and the training of the gun.v The embrasure is bored out cylindrically at the inner side to a certain depth to form a shoulder c2 and also to form a kind of stuffing-box, in which a gland C having a recess c is fitted, this gland being secured and adjusted by means of screws D. The packing itself consists of a ring E turned or bored out in concave convex form in'cross section and made of soft metal, for instance, copper, which ring is litted accurately upon the collar B. To enable the said ring to be placed upon the said collar, it is composed of two or more segments and to enable the collar to operate in the manner hereinafter set forth it is split or divided at z, (Fig. II) in a plane at right angles to its axis. The stufling-box gland C is turned out conically at its forward end c and bears somewhat tightly against the ring E, which is turned to a corresponding form. If the nuts D were tightly screwed down, the ring E would, by means of the conical part of the gland C, be pressed so firmly against the convex surface of the ring B that the friction produced bet Ween these parts would not only render the pointing difficult, but would also cause much wear of the packing-ring. The said screws D, however, are not intended to be tightly screwed down, but the parts are so adjusted that the pressure which causes the hermetic closing of the embrasure will take place only upon the firing of the gun, and will be automatically effected by the powder-gases, that is to say; the stufiing-box gland C is accurately fitted into the bore of the embrasnre (which may be provided at l with a leather packing) and is only tightened to such an extent that the ring E acts IOO as a bearing but not as a packing. When, however, a shot is tired, the powder-gases under a high pressure pass at 5 into the space @between the embrasure wall and the ring E, and force the front or concave part of the said ring directly against the convex surface of the collar B, and also force the ringE into the hollow cone of the gland C, thereby effecting a further tightening between E, B and C. The action of the arrangement represented in Figs. I and II, is in this respect the same.

In the tiring, the tightness of the joint at 5 is somewhat diminished, but the powdergasespenetrating at this point cannot pass through the embrasure either at 2 or at 3 or 4:, and, therefore, they cannot enter the interior of the armor-plate. After the firing, as soon as the external pressure is diminished, the copper ring E expands again, that is to say, the pressure between the parts of the same and the collarB is relaxed, and the gun can be easily pointed, without impairing the quality of the joint. This is the characteristic feature and at the same time the chief advantage of the invention.

In the drawings, the embrasure-joint is adapted to a gun-carriage in which the gun is not moved backward by the recoil.

Fig. III shows a special arrangement for a revolving turret in which a horizontal turning of the gun about a virtual pivot in the embrasure is not necessary, as the training is eected by rotating the entire turret. In the construction of the embrasure-joint, no change is necessary when the training must be effected by turning the gun, as the spherical joint permits motion in any desired direction. When the gun-carriage is so arranged that the gun will move backward in the recoil, the collar B is held in any suitable manner in the embrasure, and is provided with a stuffing-box or with a leather or other packing-ring which is tted upon the long chase of the gun, the latter being turned cylindrical for this purpose, so that the gun, during the recoil and running ont thereof, can slide in the collar B.

I claim- 1. The combination of an embrasure having a cylindrical bore at its inner side forming a shoulder, a collar surrounding the gun having a convex surface, a ring of concaveconvex form in cross section fitting on the collar against the shoulder, and the adjustable gland located in the bore, having a conical recess in its forward end occupied by the rear side of the ring; the shoulder, embrasu re, ring, and gland forming a space between them into which the powder-gases enter from the front side of the ring and force the latter against the collar and into the recess of the gland; substantially as described.

2. The combination of an embrasnre having a cylindrical bore at its inner side forming a shoulder, a collar surrounding the gun having a convex surface, a ring of concaveconvex form in cross-section, divided circumferentially and fitting on the collar against the shoulder, and the adjustable gland l0- cated in the bore, having' a conical recess in its forward end occupied by the rear side of the ring; the shoulder, elnbrasure, ring and gland forming a space between them into which the powder-gases enter from the front side of the ring and force the latter against the collar and into the recess of the gland; substantially as described.

CARL MARTIN.

litnessesz HERMANN LUBOWSKI, EMIL KALLNECKER.