US510318A - Trandj - Google Patents
Trandj Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US510318A US510318A US510318DA US510318A US 510318 A US510318 A US 510318A US 510318D A US510318D A US 510318DA US 510318 A US510318 A US 510318A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- covering
- coating
- metal
- alloy
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron(III) oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 18
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexamethylenetetramine Chemical group C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000414 obstructive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
- C23C8/16—Oxidising using oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. water, carbon dioxide
- C23C8/18—Oxidising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- My invention has been patented in alimited form in the following named Letters-Patent in other countries, to wit: France, dated February 21,1891,No. 211,583; England,dated June 15, 1891, No. 10,144; Germany, dated June 16, 1891, No. 62,431, and Austria-Hungary, dated October 19, 1891, No. 2,097 and No. 21,518.
- This invention has for its object the formation upon articles of wrought and cast iron and steel of a coating of magnetic oxide (Fe O which, as is well known, preserves the article from rust.
- the new process whereby I produce this coating of magnetic oxide consists in depositing upon the iron or steel body under treatment a thin layer or covering of some metal or alloy which will volatilize at a temperature below that which would deform the body of article to be coated, and then heating the article provided with such covering in any ordinary or convenient furnace until the article is heated sufficiently to form thereon a coating of magnetic oxide and the covering of the metal or alloy is volatilized.
- the advantage of using a metal or alloy volatilizing at a comparatively low temperature is that, while the magnetic oxide is formin g, the said metal or alloy is being driven off by the heat, leaving only the coating of oxide, which in the course of a few minutes after the article has reached the proper temperature, will coat it uniformly.
- the metallic covering may be applied to the article in various ways, such as chemically, by precipitation from a solution of metallic salts; or physically, by buffing or rubbing with metallic brushes composed of copper or other such volatilizable metal or alloy; or electrically'by electrolysis.
- the covering may be applied in any known or efficient manner, the essential feature of my invention being the formation of a coating of magnetic oxide upon iron or steel bodies pre- 'viously covered with a thin layer of a more easily volatilized metal, and not the particular method of applying such layer.
- Copper, tin,or an alloy of copper and tin, or any suitable metal or alloy may be used to form the temporary or volatilizable covering. It will be understood that grease, dirt and other such obstructions to the deposition of the covering of metal should be removed before such covering is applied.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
NITED. STATES PATENT I OEEicE.
PI RRE HENRY BERTRAND, on PARIS, FRANCE.
PROCESS OF COATING IRON WITH MAGNETIC OXIDE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,318, dated December 5, 1893.
Application filed February 28, 1893. Serial No. 464.100. (Nospecimens.) Patented in France February 21, 1891. No. 211,583 in England June 15,1891,No.10,144; in Germany June 16, 1891, No. 62,431, and in Anstria-Hungary October 19,1891, No-
2,097 and No. 21,518.
To all whom, it may concern;
Be it known thatI, PIERRE HENRY BER- TRAND, of Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Process of Coating Iron and Steel Articles with Magnetic Oxides of Iron, which is fully described in the following specification.
My invention has been patented in alimited form in the following named Letters-Patent in other countries, to wit: France, dated February 21,1891,No. 211,583; England,dated June 15, 1891, No. 10,144; Germany, dated June 16, 1891, No. 62,431, and Austria-Hungary, dated October 19, 1891, No. 2,097 and No. 21,518.
This invention has for its object the formation upon articles of wrought and cast iron and steel of a coating of magnetic oxide (Fe O which, as is well known, preserves the article from rust. The new process whereby I produce this coating of magnetic oxide consists in depositing upon the iron or steel body under treatment a thin layer or covering of some metal or alloy which will volatilize at a temperature below that which would deform the body of article to be coated, and then heating the article provided with such covering in any ordinary or convenient furnace until the article is heated sufficiently to form thereon a coating of magnetic oxide and the covering of the metal or alloy is volatilized.
In the practical use of the process I have found that a temperature of 1,000 centigrade properly accomplishes the desired result, but I do not wish to be limited thereto, because the temperature required will depend upon the form, size and composition of the article and the volatilizability of the covering metal or alloy. \Vhen so heated the iron or steel will oxidize, notwithstanding the presence of the metallic covering, but the presence of the covering will not permit the access of oxygen in sufficient quantity to form the destructive sesquioxide or red oxide of iron, the quantity of oxygen penetrating the metallic covering being only sufficient to form a firm, permanent coating of protective magnetic, or black oxide.
The advantage of using a metal or alloy volatilizing at a comparatively low temperature is that, while the magnetic oxide is formin g, the said metal or alloy is being driven off by the heat, leaving only the coating of oxide, which in the course of a few minutes after the article has reached the proper temperature, will coat it uniformly.
I have obtained successful results in the coating of pipes, cooking utensils, &c., by leaving them in a furnace exposed to aheat of about 1,000 centigrade for a period of about ten minutes.
The metallic covering may be applied to the article in various ways, such as chemically, by precipitation from a solution of metallic salts; or physically, by buffing or rubbing with metallic brushes composed of copper or other such volatilizable metal or alloy; or electrically'by electrolysis. The covering however, may be applied in any known or efficient manner, the essential feature of my invention being the formation of a coating of magnetic oxide upon iron or steel bodies pre- 'viously covered with a thin layer of a more easily volatilized metal, and not the particular method of applying such layer. Copper, tin,or an alloy of copper and tin, or any suitable metal or alloy. may be used to form the temporary or volatilizable covering. It will be understood that grease, dirt and other such obstructions to the deposition of the covering of metal should be removed before such covering is applied.
.The industrial applications of my invention are numerous and need not be pointed out in detail, but I will mention by the way of illustration the coating of gas and water pipes, cooking utensils, cast iron ornaments, railings and other objects exposed to the weather, and metallic surfaces which are to be painted or enameled.
I claim as my invention- The herein described process of coating .iron and steel articles with magnetic oxide,
which consists in first covering such articles with a layer of metal or alloy which volatilizes specification in the presence of two subscribat a less temperatn'ie than would deform the ing witnesses. articles, and then heating them to the tem- 1 perature at whicha coating of magnetic oxide PIERRE HENRY BERTRAND' 5 will be formed thereon and the covering of Witnesses:
metal or alloy will be volatilized. ROBT. M. I-IOOPER,
In testimony whereof I have signed this 1 JEAN VICTOR BARBANCE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US510318A true US510318A (en) | 1893-12-05 |
Family
ID=2579145
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US510318D Expired - Lifetime US510318A (en) | Trandj |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US510318A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2923683A (en) * | 1957-06-19 | 1960-02-02 | Du Pont | Antimony-modified chromium oxide ferromagnetic compositions, their preparation and use |
US2923684A (en) * | 1957-06-19 | 1960-02-02 | Du Pont | Tin modified ferromagnetic chromium oxide, its preparation and use in recording members |
US3034988A (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1962-05-15 | Du Pont | Modified chromium oxide ferromagnetic compositions, their preparation and use |
US5489344A (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1996-02-06 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Passivation of carbon steel using encapsulated oxygen |
-
0
- US US510318D patent/US510318A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2923683A (en) * | 1957-06-19 | 1960-02-02 | Du Pont | Antimony-modified chromium oxide ferromagnetic compositions, their preparation and use |
US2923684A (en) * | 1957-06-19 | 1960-02-02 | Du Pont | Tin modified ferromagnetic chromium oxide, its preparation and use in recording members |
US3034988A (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1962-05-15 | Du Pont | Modified chromium oxide ferromagnetic compositions, their preparation and use |
US5489344A (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1996-02-06 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Passivation of carbon steel using encapsulated oxygen |
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