US5042868A - Driving mechanism for a motor-driven convertible roof - Google Patents
Driving mechanism for a motor-driven convertible roof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5042868A US5042868A US07/517,822 US51782290A US5042868A US 5042868 A US5042868 A US 5042868A US 51782290 A US51782290 A US 51782290A US 5042868 A US5042868 A US 5042868A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- driving mechanism
- levers
- motor
- tension bracket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/08—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position
- B60J7/12—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position foldable; Tensioning mechanisms therefor, e.g. struts
- B60J7/1226—Soft tops for convertible vehicles
- B60J7/1265—Soft tops for convertible vehicles characterised by kinematic movements, e.g. using parallelogram linkages
- B60J7/1269—Soft tops for convertible vehicles characterised by kinematic movements, e.g. using parallelogram linkages with remote power control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
- Y10T74/20213—Interconnected
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a driving mechanism for a motor-driven convertible roof or top for a motor vehicle.
- the roof includes a linkage formed of a front roof frame, a rear roof frame, and a main roof arch pivotally connected by a bracket to the motor vehicle body.
- a connecting rod extends between the main roof arch and a tension bracket.
- a motor drive along with a transmission system provides the driving force to the main roof arch and the tension bracket.
- the main roof arch can be driven directly by a drive motor with the drive for the tension bracket diverted by a linkage or a cam control system from the drive for the main roof arch so that the tension bracket is lowered toward the body when the main roof arch and the roof frame have approximately reached the closed position.
- the tension bracket is raised before the main roof arch commences its movement and, as a result, the roof frame is also in the collapsed or open condition.
- an expensive arrangement of gears and cam guides is required which are susceptible to problems due to the required sequence of movements of the main roof arch and the tension bracket.
- Such cam and gear arrangement must also be accommodated in the region of the connection of the main roof arch to the motor vehicle body.
- Drive arrangements for the main roof arch and the tension bracket can be driven by independent driving mechanisms designed more favorably with regard to their accommodation in the motor vehicle body, however, they require separate drive motors and because of the required sequence of movement of the main roof arch and the tension bracket, an expensive control system for the drive motors is needed.
- the primary object of the present invention is to provide a driving mechanism for a motor-driven convertible top for a motor vehicle that requires only a single simple drive motor and can be accommodated at a suitable location within the motor vehicle body and can be implemented at the lowest possible production and assembly costs.
- both the main roof arch and the tension bracket are each in driving connection, using gears, by way of separate connecting rods and levers, so that one lever is mounted on a stationary axle and is powered from a shaft driven by the drive motor. Accordingly, each of the two levers are pivoted about axes in spaced parallel relation and include a path-dependent drive coupling.
- the lever which drives the main roof arch is coupled to the shaft driven by the motor so that the lever rotates with the shaft.
- the lever used to drive the tension bracket is formed as a pulling lever with two arms and is provided with an entraining or towing device which operates in both directions of movement of its lever arm pivotally mounted on a stationary axle.
- the offset arrangement of the bearing axes for the two levers is designed to be larger in a horizontal direction than the effective length in one direction of movement of the entraining device on the lever arm of the lever which drives the tension bracket.
- the two lever arms of the lever for driving the tension bracket are arranged at right angles to one another and the entraining device is arranged asymmetrically on the free lever arm of the lever depending on the axial displacement of the bearing axes of the two levers so that it is effective in the direction of movement for raising the tension bracket only over a certain adjustment distance of the lever.
- the entrainment or pulling device formed on the free lever arm of the lever driving the tension bracket is preferably formed by an essentially U-shaped cross-section of the lever arm. This feature can be achieved in an especially advantageous manner by simply manufacturing the two levers from pressed sections of steel plate.
- the two levers in separate planes, one located above the other and with the towing lever affording the drive of the tension bracket arranged so that it reaches under the lever for the main roof arch and, in addition, the effective lever arms of the two levers have different lengths, whereby the lever arm for driving the tension bracket has a greater length than the lever arm driving the main roof arch.
- the driving mechanism is arranged so that the lever driving the main roof arch is driven by an electric motor so that it rotates about its bearing axis by means of an angle gear.
- the lever used for driving the main roof arch can also be driven by a coaxially positioned toothed wheel rim and a toothed rack driven by a linear drive motor.
- FIG. 1 is a generally schematic view of a motor-driven convertible roof for a motor vehicle
- FIG. 2 is a top view of a driving mechanism for the convertible roof in FIG. 1, illustrated in various adjustment positions corresponding to different roof positions;
- FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2.
- a motor-driven convertible roof for a motor vehicle includes a front roof frame 1 and a rear roof frame 2 interconnected for pivotal movement about an axis 3 extending transversely of the direction of travel of the vehicle.
- the rear roof frame 2 is connected to a main roof arch 5, so that it can pivot about an axis 4, also extending transversely of the direction of travel.
- the main roof arch 5 is, in turn, pivotally connected to bracket 7 attached to the motor vehicle body 8 so that the arch can pivot about an axis 6 extending transversely of the direction of travel.
- a tension bracket 9 is connected to the main roof arch 5 so that it can pivot parallel to the hinge axis 6 of the main roof arch 5.
- the main roof arch 5 When the convertible roof is closed, the main roof arch 5 is supported against tension bracket 9 by a connecting or retaining rod 12 formed of two parts 10, which can be pivoted toward one another. With the convertible top or roof, as illustrated in the drawing, the main roof arch 5 is in driving connection via a connecting rod 13 with a drive motor 15 located in the region of the trunk of the motor vehicle body 8 with the tension bracket 9 connected to the same drive motor by another connecting rod 14.
- the connecting rod 13 is characterized as the first connecting rod and connecting rod 14 as the second connecting rod.
- a driving mechanism 16 note FIG. 2 is located between the drive motor 15 and the main roof arch 5 and tension bracket 9.
- Driving mechanism 16 includes a first lever 19 and a second lever 20 mounted for rotation about axes 17, 18, respectively. Note that the axes 17 and 18 are in spaced parallel relationship.
- the first lever 19 is connected to the first connecting rod 13 for driving the main roof arch 5 and the second lever 20 is connected to the second connecting rod 14 for driving the tension bracket 9.
- Second lever 20 is connected to the tension bracket 9 by second connecting rod 14 for driving the tension bracket and the second lever is mounted for free rotation on the stationary bearing axis 18 positioned offset relative to axis 17.
- Second lever 20 is a double-armed lever connected by one lever arm 23 to connecting rod 14 with its other free lever arm 24 forming an entraining or towing mechanism 25.
- the first lever 19 which drives the main roof arch 5 engages in the entraining or towing mechanism 25 over a certain range of its pivot angle.
- Entraining or towing mechanism 25 comprises a U-shaped cross-sectional part of the free lever arm 24 and is asymmetrical, whereby part 26 of the entraining and towing mechanism 25, forming part of the entraining mechanism for raising the tension bracket 9, is engaged by the first lever 19 which drives the main roof arch 5, while the other part 27 of the entraining and towing mechanism has a length assuring that second lever 20 will be entrained until the main roof arch 5 has completely collapsed.
- the lever arms 23, 24 of the double-armed second lever 20 are at right angles to one another.
- the first and second levers 19, 20 are located in two spaced planes, one above the other, note FIG. 3, and are positioned so that the second lever 20, which drives the tension bracket 9, reaches under the first lever 19, driving the main roof arch 5, and reaches around it in the region of the entraining or towing mechanism 25.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8905574[U] | 1989-05-03 | ||
DE8905574U DE8905574U1 (fr) | 1989-05-03 | 1989-05-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5042868A true US5042868A (en) | 1991-08-27 |
Family
ID=6838912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/517,822 Expired - Fee Related US5042868A (en) | 1989-05-03 | 1990-05-02 | Driving mechanism for a motor-driven convertible roof |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5042868A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0395847B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE8905574U1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2039974T3 (fr) |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5225747A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1993-07-06 | Asc Incorporated | Single-button actuated self-correcting automatic convertible top |
US5620226A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1997-04-15 | Dura Convertible Systems, Inc. | Simplified automated top operator |
US5673959A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1997-10-07 | Padlo; Craig W. | Foldable convertible flexible-roof support |
US5749619A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1998-05-12 | Applied Power Inc. | Motor vehicle with foldable roof, and foldable roof for such a motor vehicle |
US5816644A (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1998-10-06 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Folding top for a convertible |
US5947546A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-09-07 | Chrysler Corporation | Apparatus for attaching a soft top to a motor vehicle |
US5971470A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1999-10-26 | Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag | Folding top for a passenger car |
US5979969A (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 1999-11-09 | Chrysler Corporation | Apparatus for selectively mounting a hard top and a soft top to a motor vehicle |
US5992917A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-11-30 | Chrysler Corporation | Top system for a motor vehicle |
US6036256A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 2000-03-14 | Chrysler Corporation | Window assembly for a motor vehicle |
US6048021A (en) * | 1998-04-25 | 2000-04-11 | Dura Convertible Systems | Convertible top mechanism with powered rear row |
US6073989A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 2000-06-13 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Removable door frame assembly for a motor vehicle |
US6095589A (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-08-01 | Valmet Auotmotive Oy | Vehicle and folding top for a vehicle |
EP1112878A2 (fr) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-07-04 | CTS Fahrzeug-Dachsysteme GmbH | Toit de véhicule reglable entre une position de fermeture et une position de repos |
US6283531B1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2001-09-04 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle including electric folding roof |
US6295713B1 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 2001-10-02 | Chrysler Corporation | Method for attaching a soft top to a motor vehicle body |
US6523881B1 (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2003-02-25 | Webasto Vehicle Systems International Gmbh | Folding roof for a convertible |
US20030098594A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-05-29 | Gerald Hahn | Removable vehicle roof with folding top |
US6592168B2 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2003-07-15 | Cts Fahrzeug-Dachsysteme Gmbh | Convertible vehicle roof movable between closed and open positions |
US6629719B2 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-10-07 | Asc Incorporated | Top stack mechanism for a convertible roof |
US20040207232A1 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-10-21 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Retractable hardtop with articulating center panel |
US20040262942A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Michael Willard | Convertible roof apparatus with power roof bow linked to a tensioning bow |
US20050189781A1 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-09-01 | Powell James C. | Convertible vehicle top stack mechanism |
US20050280280A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2005-12-22 | Udo Heselhaus | Movable multisection roof for a motor vehicle |
US20060152033A1 (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2006-07-13 | Todd Schartner | Convertible roof bow control mechanism |
DE102010013009A1 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-29 | Magna Car Top Systems Gmbh | Verdeckantrieb und Cabrioletfahrzeug |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4443405B4 (de) * | 1994-12-07 | 2005-05-25 | Edscha Cabrio-Dachsysteme Gmbh | Antriebseinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug-Faltverdeck |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR618384A (fr) * | 1925-07-22 | 1927-03-08 | Perfectionnements aux capotes pour voitures automobiles et autres véhicules | |
CH192466A (fr) * | 1934-10-27 | 1937-08-15 | Bessonneau Maurice | Carrosserie à capote escamotable pour véhicule. |
US2459089A (en) * | 1946-09-25 | 1949-01-11 | Carbodies Ltd | Folding hood for motor vehicles and the like |
JPS61249815A (ja) * | 1985-04-27 | 1986-11-07 | Mazda Motor Corp | 自動車の移動屋根装置 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2327486C2 (de) * | 1973-05-30 | 1975-04-30 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Steuerung eines an versenkt angeordneten Konsolen angelenkten Gestänges eines Klappverdeckes von Kraftfahrzeugen |
DE3709927A1 (de) * | 1987-03-26 | 1988-10-06 | Porsche Ag | Klappverdeck fuer personenwagen |
CA1327827C (fr) * | 1987-08-04 | 1994-03-15 | Masaya Horikawa | Dispositif d'entrainement relie au mecanisme d'ouverture/fermeture du toit d'un vehicule |
-
1989
- 1989-05-03 DE DE8905574U patent/DE8905574U1/de not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-02-21 DE DE9090103292T patent/DE59001341D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-21 EP EP90103292A patent/EP0395847B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-21 ES ES199090103292T patent/ES2039974T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-02 US US07/517,822 patent/US5042868A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR618384A (fr) * | 1925-07-22 | 1927-03-08 | Perfectionnements aux capotes pour voitures automobiles et autres véhicules | |
CH192466A (fr) * | 1934-10-27 | 1937-08-15 | Bessonneau Maurice | Carrosserie à capote escamotable pour véhicule. |
US2459089A (en) * | 1946-09-25 | 1949-01-11 | Carbodies Ltd | Folding hood for motor vehicles and the like |
JPS61249815A (ja) * | 1985-04-27 | 1986-11-07 | Mazda Motor Corp | 自動車の移動屋根装置 |
Cited By (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6114819A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 2000-09-05 | Asc Incorporated | Automotive convertible top system for an automobile |
US5825147A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1998-10-20 | Asc Incorporated | Control system for a vehicle having a moveable vehicle body member |
US6288511B2 (en) | 1992-01-06 | 2001-09-11 | Asc Incorporated | Automotive convertible top system |
US5225747A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1993-07-06 | Asc Incorporated | Single-button actuated self-correcting automatic convertible top |
US6246199B1 (en) | 1992-01-06 | 2001-06-12 | Asc Incorporated | Automotive convertible top system |
US5673959A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1997-10-07 | Padlo; Craig W. | Foldable convertible flexible-roof support |
US5749619A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1998-05-12 | Applied Power Inc. | Motor vehicle with foldable roof, and foldable roof for such a motor vehicle |
US5816644A (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1998-10-06 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Folding top for a convertible |
US5620226A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1997-04-15 | Dura Convertible Systems, Inc. | Simplified automated top operator |
US5971470A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1999-10-26 | Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag | Folding top for a passenger car |
US6073989A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 2000-06-13 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Removable door frame assembly for a motor vehicle |
US6295713B1 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 2001-10-02 | Chrysler Corporation | Method for attaching a soft top to a motor vehicle body |
US6036256A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 2000-03-14 | Chrysler Corporation | Window assembly for a motor vehicle |
US5992917A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-11-30 | Chrysler Corporation | Top system for a motor vehicle |
US5947546A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-09-07 | Chrysler Corporation | Apparatus for attaching a soft top to a motor vehicle |
US5979969A (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 1999-11-09 | Chrysler Corporation | Apparatus for selectively mounting a hard top and a soft top to a motor vehicle |
US6095589A (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-08-01 | Valmet Auotmotive Oy | Vehicle and folding top for a vehicle |
US6048021A (en) * | 1998-04-25 | 2000-04-11 | Dura Convertible Systems | Convertible top mechanism with powered rear row |
US6523881B1 (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2003-02-25 | Webasto Vehicle Systems International Gmbh | Folding roof for a convertible |
EP1112878A3 (fr) * | 1999-12-29 | 2002-08-07 | CTS Fahrzeug-Dachsysteme GmbH | Toit de véhicule reglable entre une position de fermeture et une position de repos |
EP1112878A2 (fr) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-07-04 | CTS Fahrzeug-Dachsysteme GmbH | Toit de véhicule reglable entre une position de fermeture et une position de repos |
US6283531B1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2001-09-04 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle including electric folding roof |
US6592168B2 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2003-07-15 | Cts Fahrzeug-Dachsysteme Gmbh | Convertible vehicle roof movable between closed and open positions |
US6629719B2 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-10-07 | Asc Incorporated | Top stack mechanism for a convertible roof |
US20030098594A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-05-29 | Gerald Hahn | Removable vehicle roof with folding top |
US6729673B2 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2004-05-04 | Cts Fahrzeug-Dachsysteme Gmbh | Removable vehicle roof with folding top |
US7922232B2 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2011-04-12 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Movable multisection roof for a motor vehicle |
US20050280280A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2005-12-22 | Udo Heselhaus | Movable multisection roof for a motor vehicle |
US20060061131A1 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2006-03-23 | Frank Neubrand | Retractable hardtop with articulating center panel |
US20040207232A1 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-10-21 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Retractable hardtop with articulating center panel |
US7182390B2 (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2007-02-27 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Retractable hardtop with articulating center panel |
US6964340B2 (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2005-11-15 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Retractable hardtop with articulating center panel |
US6966599B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2005-11-22 | Asc Incorporated | Convertible roof apparatus with power roof bow linked to a tensioning bow |
US20040262942A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Michael Willard | Convertible roof apparatus with power roof bow linked to a tensioning bow |
US7032951B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2006-04-25 | Asc. Incorporated | Convertible vehicle top stack mechanism |
US20050189781A1 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-09-01 | Powell James C. | Convertible vehicle top stack mechanism |
US20060152033A1 (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2006-07-13 | Todd Schartner | Convertible roof bow control mechanism |
US7100962B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 | 2006-09-05 | Asc Incorporated | Convertible roof bow control mechanism |
DE102010013009A1 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-29 | Magna Car Top Systems Gmbh | Verdeckantrieb und Cabrioletfahrzeug |
DE102010013009B4 (de) * | 2010-03-26 | 2016-02-25 | Magna Car Top Systems Gmbh | Verdeckantrieb und Cabrioletfahrzeug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0395847B1 (fr) | 1993-05-05 |
DE59001341D1 (de) | 1993-06-09 |
EP0395847A3 (fr) | 1991-07-03 |
EP0395847A2 (fr) | 1990-11-07 |
ES2039974T3 (es) | 1993-10-01 |
DE8905574U1 (fr) | 1989-10-12 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ED. SCHARWACHTER GMBH & CO. KG,, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:NOTHAFT, JOSEF;VOLKL, RAIMUND;REEL/FRAME:005367/0037 Effective date: 19900521 |
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Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
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REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
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SULP | Surcharge for late payment | ||
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19990827 |
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STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |