US503729A - Regenerative kiln - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) l ay sheets-sheet 1.

. l E. WALSH, Jr.-

l REGBNERATIVE KILN.

No. 503,729. l- Patented Aug. 22,1893.

i fM/@M i M542 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

E. WALSH, Jr. REGENERATIYE KILN'.

Patented AugQZZ 1893.

@Ziff sV sheetsL-sneet s. E. WALSH, Jr.

. lRBGENIERA'-LIVE KILN. No. 503,729. Patented Aug-22, 1893.

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\ :n i213 Pif-; i FE1-gf?? PNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD WALSH, JR., OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

REGENERATIVE KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,729, dated August 22, 1893.

Application filed May 3, 1892. Serial No. 431,674. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD WALSH, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have` invented certain new and vuseful Improvements in Regenerative Kilns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in the general construction and design of kilns for burning bricks and similar articles and materials, and for annealing purposes: and has for its object the convenient and economical use of gas for such purposes; an efficient means for directing the gas and air to the desired part of the kiln, or rather the desired kiln in a battery of kilns; means for promoting a thorough combustion; means for evenly distributing the heat throughout the kiln; convenient means for directing the draft from a kiln that is being fired to another kiln in the battery, thereby making use of the otherwise wasted heat carried off by the products of combustion to heat another kiln; means whereby air to a kiln that is being fired can be rst heated by being passed through the material, as burned bricks, that has already been fired and burned in another kiln; means for admitting and regulating a supply of fresh air to the draft from a kiln that is being fired before the same is directed through another kiln.

My invention consists in the details of improvement in construction in kilns for the purposes specified, whereby these desirable results are more effectively and practically carried on, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanyingdrawings,inwhich like numerals and letters of reference denote like parts in the several figures, Figure lis a side elevation of abattery of kilns built according to my improved form of construction, being partly in vertical section, taken as on the line 1-l in Fig. same, partly in section, taken as on the line 2-2 in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-Seel tion taken on the line 3--3 in Fig 2. Fig. 4. is a sectional view taken as on the line 4-4 in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan View of the arrangement of the floor tiles of the kiln. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of one line of the same. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the 2. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the Y brick checker work of which the cross Hoortile-supporting walls are composed; and Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the same taken as on the line 8-8 in Fig. 7.

The general plan of the arrangement for conducting and regulating the iiow of the gas to the different kilns is shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, in which [Fig 2] lis the main gas iiue, one end of which is connected with the gas producers, or other source from which gas may be obtained, and the other closed. This iiue extends the full length of the battery and is directly connected with branch iiues 2 which lead to flues 3, builtin the masonry work of the kilns, extending transversely across the Width of the tier of kilns, one along each side of each kiln. 'Ihe flow of the gas to vthe iiues 3 is controlled and regulated by gas valves 4, placed at some convenient position exterior of the kilns. See Figs. 2 and 3. Extending from the iiues 3 in a vertical direction, are formed, in the side Walls of the kilns, the iiues 5 which extend to and terminate in the ports 6 in the sides of the kilns immediately, or approximately so, below the roof of the kilns. In the side walls of the iiues 3, at a point between the valves and the kilns, are formed one or more air induction ports 7 [with proper valves or other means for controlling the same] for admitting air along with the gas, when the kiln is first fired.

On theopposite side of the tier of kilns from where the gas main is situated, is placed the main draft iiue 8, which is preferably connected at both ends with a stack [not sh0wfn].

This main draft fine is directly connected, at each kiln, with thebranch draft flues 9 which connect the same with the large hollow space [shown in Fig. l] beneath the floor-tiles in the kilns, as shown in Fig. 8. The passage-way Ithrough the iiues 9 may, in each instance, be closed by vertically movable damper plates l0.

Situated immediately below the Iiues 9 and extending the length of the kilns and to a convenient distance beyond the main draft iue, are the air ues l1. The ues 1l are, in each kiln, connected by the inclined cross fines 12, [see kiln A, Fig. l and kilns A and B, Fig. 2] with the vertical air flues 13, similar to the vertical gas iiues 5, which terminate in the air ports 14 under the roof of the kilns, at

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either side of the same.- The wells- [see Fig. 3]-, whichfform the outer end of the air flues 11, connect directly with the main draft iiue 8 and communication therethrough is controlled and regulated by adjustable gate plates 16. The upper end of the'Wells-15whichr are virtually the outer end-s of the air il ues 1l, are closed by adjustable registers 17.

In the main draft ue, at the corners formed by the offsets in the side walls of the saine leading to the wells 15v and the iiues 9, are formed vertical' slide-Ways for the-removable diagonal gate plates 18.` 1

There is left, in each kiln, in the construction of the same, below the desired floor level, a: large Ventilation space, as shown in Fig. l. Thejfloor' is supported on the top of thecross walls 20, which, as Villustrated in Fig. 1 and,

in detail, in Figs. 74 and 8, consist of checker workin order to provide a free and open draft or vtntilati'on equally from all parts of thea floor of thekiln..

As illustrated in Figs. 5 and' 6, the fi'oor is Vmade open all over and is formed by placingj s; anning tiles 19 on edge from one cross wall 20 to the next and in interposing between-con-Y secutiv'e tiles the short spacing tiles 21.

The principles ofoperation of' my improved furnace are as follows: Gas is fed to. the. kiln, as awhole, through the main 1. The gas tof dividually and separately regulated by the gas Valves 4'.. The gas is conducted by the flues 8, up through the vertical ilues' andi i'nto th-einterio'r of the kilns through the ports 6 under the roof alongeach side. At'thesame combustion and the proper temperaturdas;

regulated by the air registers 17', is being fed,

throughl the air flues 11, cross ilues l2, vertical' fines 13 and' air ports 14, to the same part of the kiln as the gas, where combustion. takes place. In thisrnanner the kiln is made rever# beratory, thel heat being reflected down front all parts-of the heated roof. The products of combustion then traverse the interior of the kiln andflow through the openiioor of the fkiln, and, from the part ofv they kiln farthest from the draft nue SthrOughthe open check-V er-work wall 20, to the iiue 9, and thence to' th-es'tack, through the main draft il'ue 8.` I'nthismanner the combustion takes place in alli parts of the upper part of thekiln, and, the`re being no particular part of the fioor whichis; more open than another, the draft i's gener# ally distributed andthe heatl evenly diffused throughout the kiln. This description would apply when a single kiln is being used inde-A pendentl'y of the rest, as, for instancewhen the first is being fired. In this instance, the gates 10 and 16, at the kilns [as Eand F between the kiln being red [as D, Fig. 2] and draft to the stack, as indicated by the arrow When, for any reason, it is desired to conduct the products of combustion of a kiln [as i liectiozn gate 1-8 at the latter kiln set so as to obstruct the passage through the main draft iuc- 8 and turn it down the well 15, into the l air flue l1 of that kiln, as shown by the arrow 51, in Fig. 2. At the same time, fresh I air can be fed, throughV the register 17 at the latter kiln, tothe current of heated products from the former'kiln, in order, for instance, to thoroughly consume any unconsumed gas from the first kiln.

The form of construction and of consequent adaptability just' described maybe taken advantage of in another way; when the matej rial in any one kiln [as C] hasl been burned, lit may be used to regenerate the. air fed to i another kiln [as B] in which the material is being burned. In this instance, instead of feeding'fresh air to the latter kiln [as B] fthrough its own register 17, that register is closed and the register at the former kiln [C] `is opened and the' air passingdown through lthe heated material containedlin Vthe kiln becomes heated before 'it reaches .the latter kiln [B], through the draft iiue 9" and that portion of1 'the main liuc` 8 between the two each kiln, and to each side of each kiln, is i'n kilns, the deiiection gates 18 being arranged,

i as indicated in Fig. 2`, atfthe formerkiln [0], i to. direct the draft to the latter kiln and, at fthe latter kiln [B'] to. deflect the current of heated air from the mainl nue 8 down the well 15. thereat, as indicated bythe arrowl. t-.i'me, .ai r, in theproper quantity for com pl'etef r[.he method of' manipulation, as just' defscribed,islof- 'great advantage, and of parj ti'cular value, in consequent results, when the j kiln` is used for annealing purposes, when the i gradual reduction of temperaturev is the feature of importance.

The extreme' fiexib'ility of manipulation in controlling the absolute andrelative' amounts of gas and air fed to any one kiln when used singly; this feature, in relation to the admission of air to each Akiln independently of 1 the others when the kilns' are worked on the regenerative plan; causing the combustion to take place in the top part of the kiln and the outdraft through the door ofL the same, thereby causing an exceedingly leven dis- L, semination of the consequent heatthroughout all. parts of the kiln and about-the material being treated therein; making the fioor 'of the kiln of tilesspaced apart and the sup portingwalls of checker brickwork', whereby the last-mentioned desirable result tated, in that the 4out-draft is not'. in the least is facili-y directed t'c any particular part of the floor;

in providing means whereby the products of d j any one kiln may Abe deflected from the main the stack, are closed, and the deflection di- L agonal gate 18properly placed'to direct the f draft'liue to the air il'ue of another kiln,` and 1in the additional provision, in this' con-necL `jti'on for adjustably feeding fresh air to the `j said products. of combustion, are among the features ofimprovement and advantage. My

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new form of construction-putting the kiln, as a whole, practically under control and Y making the same an operative kiln, both regenerative and reverberatory.

1. The herein described permanent floor for kilns, consisting of floor tiles having spacing tiles therebetween of less thickness than the iioor tiles proper, substantially as described.

2. The herein described permanent floor for kilns, consisting of iioor tiles having spacing tiles of less length and thickness arranged between, and at the contiguous ends of the floor tiles proper, and supporting walls for the same consisting of open checker brick work, substantially as described.

3. In a battery of kilns, the combination with the gas and air induction ports leading to the upper part of each kiln, individual draft iiues leading from each of said kilns to a common draft iiue, an air induction iiue leading to each of said kilns, a communicating flue between the main draft flue and the individual air induction fines, and means for controlling the passage between the said main draft flue and the individual air induction flues, and the main draft ues and the individual draft lues, substantially as described.

4. In a battery kiln, the combination with a gas supply iiue and branch pipes leading therefrom to each side of individual kilns, of a conduction ue for the products of combustion leading from each kiln to a main draft flue, and defiection gates at the junction of with the main draft line -8 and deflection gates 18, of airflues 11, registers 17, wells 15 and draft tubes 9; substantially as and for the purposes described. I

6. In a battery of regenerative kilns, the combination of individual gas and air iues leading to both sides of said kilns, an open checker work door, an out-draft iiue leading from below the iioor of said i kilns to a common draft flue, a communicating flue between said main draft flue and said air tlues, and removable and adjustable gate plates, adapted to direct the draft from the main draft iiue to an individualV air flue, all combinedand operating in the manner and for the purposes specified.

7. In a battery of regenerative kilns, the combination of individual gas and air iues leading to both sides of said kilns, an open checker-work floor, an out-draft leading from below the floor of said kilns to a common draft flue, a communicating flue between said main draft flue and said air flues, removable and adjustable gate plates, adapted to obstruct the continuous passage-way through said main flue and to deflect the draft from said main llue to said air ilues, and gate plates to obstruct communication between said individual draft dues and the main draft flue and to close communication between said main ilue and said individual air tlues, all combined and operating in the manner and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I have afxed my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 23d day of April, 1892.

EDWARD WALSH, JR.

Witnesses:

' PAUL BAKEWELL,

A. RAMEL.

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